TEKS 8 C Calculate percent composition and empirical

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Modernization of Japan

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Objectives • Explain how problems in Japanese society and the opening of Japan to other countries led to the Meiji Restoration. • Describe the main reforms under the Meiji government. • Analyze the factors contributing to Japan’s drive for empire.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Terms and People • Matthew Perry – the U. S. Navy commodore who led a fleet of ships into Tokyo Bay in 1853 and demanded that Japan open its ports • Tokyo – the new “eastern capital” named in 1867, when Emperor Mutsuhito was restored to power and took the name Meiji • Meiji Restoration – the reign of Emperor Meiji, which lasted from 1868 to 1912, during which Japan learned about the West and modernized • Diet – a legislature

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Terms and People (continued) • zaibatsu – powerful banking and industrial families of Japan • homogeneous society – a society in which all people share a common culture and language • First Sino-Japanese War – a war between Japan and China that broke out in 1894 due to competition between the two powers in Korea • Russo-Japanese War – a war between Russia and Japan that began in 1904 and in which Japan gained control of Korea and rights in parts of Manchuria

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. How did Japan become a modern industrial power, and what did it do with its new strength? When the United States sent a naval force to Japan in 1853 to force it to open ports to trade, Japan decided to end its policy of seclusion. This decision led to the transformation of Japan into a modern industrial power and imperialist nation.

Emperor had little power Shogun—Supreme Military dictator Daimyo-noble warlords who served the Shogun Samuraiwarriors who served the daimyo A growing middle class of merchants had no place in feudal society Peasants—Poor farmers who worked the land for the nobility

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Isolationism: a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests affairs of other countries. 1603 --For more than 200 years, Japan had developed in isolation. • The Tokugawa shoguns restored centralized feudalism and closed Japan to foreigners. • Discontent grew as the daimyo and lesser samurai suffered financial hardship. • Corruption became common.

What hardships did the Daimyo face after 200 years of isolation? What made the Merchants resentful? What hardships did the Peasants face? Why were the Samurai unhappy?

What was the purpose of President Mc. Kinley’s letter? The Treaty of Kanagawa: Shogun agreed to open 2 ports to American ships US Soon won trading rights including extraterritoriality

What event does this print by Yoshitoshi Taiso illustrate? How did this external threat lead to the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate?

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Treaty of Kanagawa shoguns The _______ heard of the British victory over China in the Opium War and knew that the West would soon reach Japan. Matthew Perry In The shogun opened two ports, and later granted trading rights to the United States. European nations soon won similar concessions.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The Japanese felt humiliated by the terms of these unequal treaties with the West. • Some criticized the shogun for not taking a stronger stand against the foreigners. • Foreign pressures deepened continuing social and economic unrest.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Discontented daimyo and samurai staged a revolt in 1867 and unseated the shogun. The 15 -year-old emperor Mutsuhito was restored Meiji to power and took the name ____. The emperor moved the capital from Kyoto to Edo, which was renamed _______. Tokyo Meiji Restoration His long reign was called the ________. It lasted from 1868 until 1912.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The goal of the Meiji Restoration was summarized by the motto “A rich country, a strong military. ” • To reach this goal, leaders under Emperor Meiji decided to study Western ways. • Members of the Japanese government traveled overseas in 1871 to learn about Western economies and technologies. Emperor Meiji

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Political Reforms

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Economic Reforms

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The Meiji Transformation Meiji reformers wanted to end the feudal order and create an industrial economy. They formed a _____ -- a legislature to Diet supervise finance, education, and the military. They made the economy a priority, building factories and then selling them to wealthy zaibatsu business families called ________.

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. • These changes were very effective. By the 1890 s, industry had grown rapidly in Japan. • One reason Japan modernized so quickly was that it had a strong sense of national identity and a _________. homogenous society

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Social Reforms Results

TEKS 8 C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Reforms led to changes in Japanese society. • The government set up schools and the constitution ended legal distinctions between the classes. • However, class distinctions did survive, and women continued to have a secondary role in society.

Russo-Japanese War 1905: Japan defeated Russian troops and almost destroyed Navy. First Sino-Japanese War 1895: Japan won the Island of Taiwan from China Treaty of Portsmouth. Japan gained control of Korea and rights in parts of Manchuria

As Japan became stronger economically, its leaders began to desire an empire. As a small island nation, Japan needed resources. It looked to Korea first and forced the peninsula to open its ports to Japan in 1876. Competition between China and Japan for control of Korea resulted in the First Sino-Japanese War _________ which Japan won easily. Next, Japan challenged Russia, its other rival in the region. The Russo-Japanese War __________ ended in 1905 with a Japanese victory.

Japan took control of Korea, imposing harsh rule. • Japan made Korea a protectorate, then annexed it in 1910. • Japan modernized Korea and set out to erase the Korean language and identity. • Japanese repression of Korean culture bred nationalist resentment. • Japan brutally crushed a nonviolent protest that began on March 1, 1919. The March First Movement ___________ became a symbol of Korean nationalism.