Teknik menjawab kertas soalan GCE O level Physics

Teknik menjawab kertas soalan GCE O level Physics Cikgu Muhd Hafizuddin bin Abdullah Tong

Intro duction Physics teacher in SM Lambak Kiri (Team Teaching) Was a Physics teacher in SM Sufri Bolkiah, Tutong and Maktab Sains PSBS Teaching O level Physics since 2 0 0 0 T a u g h t A L e v e l P h y s i c s i n Maktab Duli PMAB (1999)

Physics paper 5054 http: //www. cie. org. uk/ Paper 1. - 21 ( 4 0 multiples choice questions) Paper 2 - 22 ( short and long structure questions) Paper 3 - 23 (Practical test) Paper 4 - 24 (Alter. To practical test)

Your Syllabus - Physics 5054 Content: Section l: General Physics 1. Physical Quantities, Units and Measurement

Section ll: Newtonian Mechanics 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Kinematics Dynamics Mass, Weight and Density Turning Effects of Forces Deformation Pressure

Section lll: Energy and Thermal Physics 8. Energy Sources and Transfer of Energy 9. Transfer of Thermal Energy 10. Temperature 11. Thermal Properties of matter 12. Kinetic Model of Matter

Section l. V: 13. 14. 15. 16. Waves General Wave Properties Light Electromagnetic Spectrum Sound

Section V: Electricity and Magnetism 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Magnetism and Electromagnetism Static Electricity Current Electricity D. C. Circuits Practical Electricity Electromagnetism Electromagnetic Induction Introductory Electronics Electronic Systems

Section Vl: Atomic Physics 26. Radioactivity 27. The Nuclear Atom

Define and State • Define- formal statement, equation with symbols identified. eg. define pascal • State - concise answer, no additional detail or explanation required state the Newton's third law of motion

Explain, Describe, Discuss • Explain definition and some relevant comment use number of marks for amount of detail Explain what is meant by uniform acceleration [2] • Describe state in words or diagrams the main points of a topic usually refers to a phenomenon or experiment use number of marks for amount of detail Descibe an experiment to verify the Law of Reflection. [5]

• Discuss critical account of the points involved use number of marks for number of points to make. Discuss the dating of objects by the use of 14 C [3] 1. Carbon 14 is continously produced in atmosphere and passes into living things through photosynthesis and digestion. 2. It only occurs in things which were once alive including wood, bones and seeds. 3. carbon 14's half-life is 5730 years and is calculated to determine the dates or years.

Measure, Determine and Calculate • Measure use a measuring instrument, e. g. protractor, ruler on a given diagram • Calculate a numerical answer is required working should be shown • Determine usually a calculation, using measured (and known) quantities

Deduce and Suggest • Deduce recall not required to make a logical connection between pieces of information -conclusion • Suggest eithere is no unique answer or use general knowledge in a novel situation

List and show • List no extra detail required If a certain number are asked for, do not give more • Show working must be clear and explained, as required answer is given

Paper 1 Tips: Multiple Choice When reading the question, you should: • read the question carefully. • not rush through the questions. • check whether a positive or negative answer is being asked. eg “which of the following is or is not…? ” • underline or circle important information of the question.

Paper 1 Tips: Multiple Choice When reading the question, you should: • never leave a question unanswered. • try to eliminate some of the possible answers if you are not sure of the answer. • write out your working in question paper clearly, so you can check it later. • be aware of the topics which occur frequently eg pd

When taking readings from a diagram, you should: • check you are using the correct distance, e. g. in moments questions, remember you need to use the perpendicular distance from the force to the point. • draw on the diagram, e. g. in a travelling wave moving to the right, or in deciding the direction of the magnetic field at a point near a bar magnet, draw in the shape of the field.

Choosing the right response: • When several answers seem correct, reread the stem of the question. Choose the answer that is not only a correct statement, but also answers the question, e. g.

Choosing the right equation: • Many equations are very similar, e. g. E = mc 2 (energy equivalence of mass) and E= ½ m v 2 (kinetic energy of a moving object) so make sure you know when to use each one.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • Read the whole question to check which topic in physics is being tested. Then read all the parts of the question. • Only answer the question asked. Don’t give more detail. • If you are asked for two points then don’t give three.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • Your answer should fit the space available. If it doesn’t, you are writing too much! The number of lines given is a clue as to how much to write. • If the question asks you to describe the movement of electrons. not mentioning electrons but writing down movement of charged particles in the answer cannot gain full marks. No enough detail is a common cause of lost marks.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • If describing the motion of molecules in a liquid by relating the temperature to the average kinetic energy of the molecules is important. Molecules of a gas exert a pressure on the walls of a container by colliding with the walls. To increase the pressure, they must collide at a greater rate, i. e. more frequently or with a higher speed. *Take care to explain this clearly and without contradiction!

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • Electrical circuits are common questions. Make sure you know where to put ammeters and voltmeters in a circuit. If you need to vary the current, make sure you include a variable resistor. • If the question asks to “state and explain”, give a clear explanation

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions The amount of detail depends upon the number of marks for the question, e. g. if the direction of the current in a solenoid is reversed, then just saying that the magnetic field changes is not enough. This could mean increases or decreases in strength. You need to state that the field reverses or changes direction.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • Make sure you link your answer to the question, rather than just quote learnt facts, such as the penetration of radioactive radiation. Just stating what stops alpha, beta or gamma will not gain all the marks.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • If you are asked to draw forces on a diagram, be sure to draw them through the point where they act. Do not draw them floating in mid-air to the side of a diagram! Remember to label them. Make sure you add an arrow to show the direction, e. g. if the question asks for “the force exerted by the Sun on the Earth”, then since it is a force of attraction, the force arrow must go from the Earth towards the Sun.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions • To draw a forces diagram, make sure the diagram is large enough, and that all the forces are drawn with arrows and labelled. • Where a question asks for a formula to be quoted, there will be one mark. Even if you get the right answer, failure to show the formula will lose you a mark.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions Some incorrect physics statements will lose a mark even if there is a correct statement. Examples of such statements are: • Renewable energy sources can be used again and again. Please use the explanation that there is an infinite supply or it will not run out. • Heat rises. Note that it is either hot air or hot liquids that rise, carrying the heat energy with them.

Paper 2 Tips: Structured Questions Some incorrect physics statements will lose a mark even if there is a correct statement. Examples of such statements are: • Acceleration at a constant speed. This is a contradiction as if travelling at a constant speed, you cannot be accelerating! When describing a uniform acceleration, you can say constant acceleration or that it is accelerating at constant rate.