Teddy Roosevelts Square Deal Terms Names Theodore Roosevelt

Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal

Terms & Names Theodore Roosevelt Square Deal The Jungle Upton Sinclair Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act conservation NAACP

Overarching Question What did Roosevelt do to earn immortalization at Mount Rushmore? Most people can easily answer why the others figures were chosen. So……………. . after studying about the life and work of Theodore Roosevelt, YOU decide why YOU THINK he was placed among such prestigious company (George Washington - the father of our country, Thomas Jefferson - author of the Declaration of Independence, and Abraham Lincoln - the “Great Emancipator” who united the country.

Young Teddy n Childhood struggles n Teddy’s illnesses

Teenager Teddy Works hard in his father’s home gym n Overcomes illnesses through the strength of his will n

TR: The Athlete n Harvard years n Sculling and boxing

Roosevelt at Harvard n Roosevelt’s “classroom” education

Early Adult Years n 1881 – Climbing the Matterhorn n Death of mother and wife n Retreat to the Badlands

Life in the Badlands n n Learned lessons in the Badlands “Took the snob out of me” Love of the open land Shaped future policies

TR’s Life with Edith Marriage to Edith n Tales of Teddy Roosevelt and his six children (only five in this picture because Quentin is not yet born) n

Roosevelt’s Rise Served three terms in the New York state assembly n New York City police commissioner n Assistant Secretary of the US Navy n Started a volunteer calvary and fought in the battle at San Juan Hill in Cuba n Governor of New York n Vice President of the United States n

The Modern Presidency Became president in 1902 n Youngest president – 42 years old n Bully Pulpit n n Influence news media Shape legislation Square Deal n Described the progressive reforms

1902 Coal Strike n 140, 000 coal miners in PA went on strike n n n 20% raise 9 hour work day Right to organize a union Mine operators refused to negotiate n Coal supplies ran low n

n Roosevelt’s Options n n n Settle the strike US Military will take over the mines Results n n 10% pay hike 9 hour day Cannot strike for 3 years Whenever a strike threatens public safety, the federal government can step in

Trustbusting n Trusts n n Companies that control all of a particular good or service Many trusts used unfair business practices n n n “good” trusts had a conscience “bad” trusts abused the public Roosevelt filed 44 lawsuits under the Sherman Antitrust Act n Was able to break up some of the trusts

Railroad Regulation n 1887 – Interstate Commerce Act n n Prohibited railroad owners from dividing business in certain areas then sharing the profits 1903 – Elkins Act n n Illegal for railroad officials / shippers to give or receive rebates for using their railroad Rates could not be changed WITHOUT letting the public know

n 1906 – The Hepburn Act n n Limited the distribution of free railroad passes (bribery) Gave the ICC power to set maximum railroad rates

Protecting Health n The Jungle by Upton Sinclair n n Identified unsanitary conditions in meat packing plants 1906 – Meat Inspection Act n n Strict cleanliness for meatpackers Created the program of federal meat inspection

Pure Food and Drug Act n n n 1906 Stopped the sale of contaminated foods or medicines Called for truth in labeling n n Popular children’s medicine often contained opium, cocaine, or alcohol This act did not ban harmful products outright, but allowed consumers to be educated

Conservation & Natural Resources n Federal government paid little attention to the nation’s natural resources n Farmers n n Ranchers n n Allowed cattle to overgraze Coal companies n n Cut down forests and plowed up prairies Cluttered the land with spoil dumps Lumber companies n Didn’t replace the trees they cut down

John Muir Naturalist / Writer n Persuaded the president to set aside 148 million acres of forest reserves n Roosevelt also set aside 1. 5 million acres of water – power sites and 80 million acres of land to be explored for mineral and water resources n

Gifford Pinchot A professional conservationist n Head of the US Forest Service n Conserve forest and grazing lands n Keep large tracts of federal land exempt from private sale n

Conservation Some wilderness areas would be preserved while others would be developed for the common good National Reclamation Act of 1902 (Newlands Act) funded irrigation to states in the Midwest

Roosevelt and Civil Rights Wasn’t a supporter of civil rights n Did support individual African Americans n n Appointed an African American as head of a South Carolina custom house Did not bow to the demands to dismiss a black postmistress in Mississippi Invited Booker T. Washington to the White House

NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People n Formed in 1909 n Aimed for equality among the races n

Origin of “Teddy Bear” n The famous bear hunt in 1902 n Berryman’s political cartoon

Presidential Firsts First to invite an African American to a White House dinner n First to have Secret Service protection n First to win Nobel Peace Prize for his work towards ending the Russo-Japanese War n First to take trip outside the United States n

More Presidential Firsts n First to give an open invitation to the press n First to be submerged in a submarine, to own a car, to have a telephone in his home, and to be allowed to operate the light switches in the White House

Roosevelt Hand Picks Taft n Theodore Roosevelt with incoming President William Howard Taft on Taft's inauguration day in 1909

Roosevelt Loses to Wilson n The “Progressive Bull Moose” loses in 1912 Life goes on Theodore Roosevelt at the wedding of his daughter Ethel to Richard Derby.

An Older Theodore Roosevelt n n Agony over the death of Quentin in World War I "Grandfather" Roosevelt hugs baby granddaughter Edith Roosevelt Derby, 1918.

Roosevelt’s Death "The old lion is dead. " n Photo shows the burial of Theodore Roosevelt, January 1919 in Young’s Memorial Cemetery, Oyster Bay, NY. n

Works Cited "Theodore Roosevelt Collection. " 1998. Harvard College Library. 4 Dec 2006 <http: //hcl. harvard. edu/houghton/dep artment /roosevelt. html. >.