Teddy Roosevelts Square Deal Progressivism Under Taft Wilsons

Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal + Progressivism Under Taft + Wilson’s New Freedom Chapter 17 – Sect. 3, 4, & 5 Mitten – CSHS AMAZ History – Semester 2

A Rough Riding President • The Modern Presidency – Supports federal government role when states do not solve problems – Square Deal – Roosevelt’s progressive reforms

Using Federal Power • Trustbusting – Roosevelt wants to curb trusts that hurt public interest • 1902 Coal Strike – Sets principle of federal intervention when strike threatens public • Railroad Regulation – Roosevelt pushes for federal regulation to control abuses – Elkins Act & Hepburn Act

Health and Environment • Regulating Food and Drugs • The Jungle – unsanitary conditions in meatpacking – Meat Inspection Act - (USDA) • Pure Food and Drug Act – requires truth in labeling

Health and the Environment • Conservation and Natural Resources – 1887, U. S. Forest Bureau 45 million acres (193 million) • Conservation Measures – Conservation – Preservation – Public use

Roosevelt and Civil Rights • Civil Rights at the Turn of the 20 th Century – NAACP – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (1909) • goal is full equality among races

Taft Becomes President • Taft Stumbles • 1908, Republican William H. Taft wins • cautious progressive agenda; gets little credit for success - does not use presidential ‘bully pulpit’ to arouse public opinion

The Republican Party Splits • Problems Within the Party – Progressive agenda weakened – Democrats take over House in 1910 • The Bull Moose Party – more voter participation in government – woman suffrage – labor legislation, business controls

Democrats Win in 1912 • The Election – Wilson endorses progressive reform platform called the New Freedom – Socialist Party Eugene V. Debs wants to end capitalism

Wilson and Financial Reform • Wilson’s - Two Antitrust Measures • Clayton Antitrust Act • Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Wilson and Financial Reform • Federal Income Tax – 16 th Amendment • Federal Reserve System – private banking under federal control

Women Win Suffrage • Carrie Chapman Catt – NAWSA, stresses organization and lobbying – 1920, the 19 th amendment grants women right to vote

The Limits of Progressivism • Wilson and Civil Rights • Wins support of NAACP for favoring civil rights • Appoints fellow white Southerners to cabinet who extend segregation • NAACP feels betrayed • The Twilight of Progressivism – Outbreak of World War I distracts Americans; reform efforts stall