Techniques of Grafting Chapter 12 Rules Rootstock and

Techniques of Grafting Chapter 12

Rules • • • Rootstock and scion compatible Cambium to cambium contact Proper physiological stage Protection from desiccation Proper aftercare

Graft Types • Detached-scion grafts – Scion is added to rootstock as a separate piece of wood • Whip, cleft, bark , etc. • Approach grafts – Where rootstock and scion are joined together, and graft to ‘take’ before the scion is removed from its roots • Repair grafts of established trees – Bridge graft • See summary of graft types on page 464

Whip Grafting • • 1/4 -1/2” stock Considerable cambial contact Strong union Tying/protection – Bury – Wax – Budding rubbers – Adhesive tape – Plastic tape

Splice or Whip Graft • No tongue • Pithy stems (rose) • Brittle wood

Splice or whip graft. Very common technique

Whip-and-tongue graft. Much stronger than whip graft, and much better cambium contact.

Saddle Graft

Side Grafts • Side Stub graft – 1” stock – Nursery trees – Must be waxed • Side-veneer graft – seedling evergreens – mist or grafting case

Cleft Graft • Topworking • Early spring • 1 -4” stock, 3/8 -1/2” scion

Cleft Graft. Widely used in topworking fruit trees

Bark graft • 1”+ stock • Bark must slip • Scion gathered when dormant and stored • Must be staked

Approach grafting • Grafting two self-sustaining plants together • Used for difficult grafts • At least one of the plants should be containerized • Do when growth is active • Must be secure and waxed

Inarching • Stock & scion on own roots • Repair graft – Change rootstock – Replace damaged roots • Use seedlings or suckers for new rootstock

Bridge graft • Repair damage to trunk • Must be waxed

Root Graft • • Graft scion to root Done on bench Grafted and stored (45 F, 2 months) Plant in spring

Double-working • Used to incorporate an interstock • Bud or graft • Several techniques – liner, spring bud, fall bud – bench root graft, fall bud – double bench graft – bench graft scions, field graft to stock – double shield bud (figure 13 -19) – fall T-bud to interstock, whip graft to stock in spring

Scion Wood • One year old or less • Healthy well developed buds • Vigorous, hardened wood from upper part of tree • Avoid suckers (you never know where they’ve been) • Center or bottom 2/3 of shoots

Collection & Handling • • Collect as dormant material 32 -40 F Keep moist and aerated If buds are growing, graft will fail

Bench Grafting • Grafts performed indoors and not initially planted – Root grafts – Potted liner rootstocks – Performed manually with tools or semiautomatically by machines or robots

• Grafting Robots – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=0 v. XXc. Pl Blfw – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ab. V 8 hqr a. Dsw&feature=related