Technical Accuracy in writing Knowledge Organiser 1 Sentence

Technical Accuracy in writing Knowledge Organiser 1 – Sentence types and sentence openings 2 – Punctuation Rules Sentence Variety Simple sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop. It is made up of one main clause. E. g. The boy was cold. He had been playing football. Compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses (or simple sentences) joined by connectives: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. E. g. The boy was cold, as he had been playing football. Complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. Unlike a compound sentence, however, a complex sentence contains clauses which are not equal. E. g. The boy, who had been playing football, was cold. VARYING SENTENCE OPENERS: PANIC P = Preposition. Examples: over there, behind, next to etc. Prepositions usually describe the position of something, the time when something happens and the way in which something is done A = Adjectives/Adverbs. Examples: Red, energetic/sympathetically Words that describe how an action takes place N = Noun. Examples: Mr. Jones, Mrs. Jones, table, St Bernadette, window Words that name objects, people and places. (People and places need capital letters) I = “Ing” Words (Verbs). Example: Running, throwing, skirting etc. Words that end in ‘ing’ generally these indicate an action (verbs) C = Connectives. Example: Next to, However, Firstly, Secondly, Also, Comparatively Connectives are words that link sentences, when used at the start of the sentence it indicates that this is a complex sentence

Question Marks (P) ? Paragraphing (// NP) • Used when asking TIPTOP = Time, Place, Topic, . something Person = New Paragraph • Used at the start of a Used to demarcate • Often used with E. g. sentence the end of a sentence. common command Yesterday, we…//Today, E. g. Eventually, the • Used for proper nouns words – Who, What, was a… – names of people & sentence ended. Where, When, Why, The classroom…//Outside… places & dates Comma Use (P) , How… She was bursting with E. g. • Used in a list E. g. joy…//Black clouds were Certainly, I said… • Used in embedded Can you pick that up? now following her… Mr. Jones was born in clauses “Go outside” exclaimed the January in Bristol… • Used for sentences Exclamation Mark (P) ! teacher Some people believe starting with adverbs • Used for humour “No, it is freezing”, Sarah or connectives • Used to emphasise a shivered violently. E. g. point Mrs. Jones liked order, • Used to show Vary Sentence Openings Apostrophe (P) ‘ routine, lists, focus and surprise or • Use PANIC • Used to show control. excitement P = Preposition E. g. Over possession The commas, which E. g. there (belonging) were imperative, were • Used for contractions A = Adjectives/Adverbs E. g. That was a diamond often missed out. shot! (after he missed Blue/suddenly E. g. Interestingly, commas the shot) N = Nouns E. g. Tables Bob’s coat are often missed in this I = “Ing” words (active verbs) No, I meant the other James’ coat example. one! E. g. Running I am = I’m Furthermore, we need… How utterly thrilling! C = Connective E. g. Also, Does not = doesn’t Full Stop (FS) Capital Letters (CL) • Used for ‘I’ More Advanced Punctuation Colon (P) : • Used to introduce a list • Used to justify your reasoning Semi-colon (P) ; • Used to separate longer linked clauses Brackets (P) ( ) • Used to include extra information Ellipsis (P) … • Used to omit • Used to interrupt or as a thought