Teaching ComputerBased Data Acquisition and Analysis Research Skills

Teaching Computer-Based Data Acquisition and Analysis Research Skills Using Lab. VIEW John Essick Reed College OUTLINE: • Reed Advanced Laboratory • Lab. VIEW-Based Instruction • Required Cost and Time for Instruction

BASIC RESEARCH SKILLS PHYSICAL UNDERSTANDING Apply Classroom Theory Background Literature Searches Consultation With Experts Adequate Level of Precision Range of an Approximation Suppression of Competing Effects DATA-TAKING SKILLS Electronics Computer-Assisted Data Acquisition Optics Vacuum Technology Data Analysis Techniques Design of Sophisticated Instrumentation Patience Consistency Checking RESPONSIBILITY TO THE COMMUNITY Outside Interest In Results Benefit Of Peer Review Honest, Timely, Concise Report of Results

REED JUNIOR-LEVEL ADVANCED LAB Novice Student ELECTRONICS Amplifier, Filter, Oscillator, Logic COMPUTER (Low-Level) A/D, D/A Hardware Microprocessor Assembly Language PHYSICS Guided and Independent Experiments Autonomous Researcher Senior Thesis Summer Internship Graduate School Career

REED JUNIOR-LEVEL ADVANCED LAB Novice Student ELECTRONICS Amplifier, Filter, Oscillator, Logic COMPUTER (High-Level) Data Acquisition Board Communicate via Interface Bus Symbolic Language Data Analysis PHYSICS Guided and Independent Experiments Autonomous Researcher Senior Thesis Summer Internship Graduate School Career

OCCIDENTAL SOLID STATE LAB EXPERIENCE Require Students to Write GPIB Code (BASIC, FORTRAN, C): 10 20 30 40 50 60 REAL Rdg ASSIGN @Dmm TO 722 OUTPUT @Dmm; “MEASURE: VOLTAGE: DC? 10, 0. 003” ENTER @Dmm; Rdg PRINT Rdg END

OCCIDENTAL SOLID STATE LAB EXPERIENCE Require Students to Write GPIB Code (BASIC, FORTRAN, C): 10 20 30 40 50 60 REAL Rdg ASSIGN @Dmm TO 722 OUTPUT @Dmm; “MEASURE: VOLTAGE: DC? 10, 0. 003” ENTER @Dmm; Rdg PRINT Rdg END Lesson Learned for Computer-Based Instruction: Need to Teach a Programming Language (with Short Learning Curve)

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 1. Well-Designed, Popular System Lab. VIEW System Computer Multi-Function Data Acquisition (DAQ) General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) Lab. VIEW Software National Instruments Products

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 1. Well-Designed, Popular System Lab. VIEW System Computer Multi-Function Data Acquisition (DAQ) General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) Lab. VIEW Software National Instruments Products • Integrated Hardware & Software • Extensive Data Acquisition & Analysis Capabilities • Widely Used in Research Labs

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 2. Lab. VIEW Programming Language is Graphical Block Diagram (Program Code): Front Panel (User Interface):

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 2. Lab. VIEW Programming Language is Graphical Block Diagram (Program Code): • Novel Front Panel (User Interface): • Intuitive • Do Useful Things Quickly

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 3. Express VIs for Streamlined Programming of Common Tasks

Digital Oscilloscope Using DAQ Assistant Express VI

Thermistor Calibration Using Curve Fit Express VI Steinhart-Hart Equation:

Digital Thermometer Voltage A/D Ohm’s Law Temperature Steinhart-Hart Software

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 4. Flexibility is Ideal for Independent Projects DAQ Assistant Digital Oscilloscope

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 4. Flexibility is Ideal for Independent Projects DAQ Assistant FFT Spectrum Analyzer

OVERVIEW OF LABVIEW INSTRUCTION Week 1: Structures and Plotting (6 Hours) While Loop and Waveform Chart For Loop and Waveform Graph Mathscript Node and XY Graph Oxford University Press Week 2: Data Acquisition and Generation with DAQ Assistant (3 Hours) Analog-to-Digital Conversion, Digital Oscilloscope Digital-to-Analog Conversion, Function Generator Week 3: Data Files, Local Variables, Structures (6 Hours) Data Files and Character Strings Shift Registers Case Structure Sequence Structure Week 4: Data Analysis (3 Hours) Least-Squares Curve Fitting, Digital Thermometer Fast Fourier Transform, Spectrum Analyzer Week 5: PID Temperature Control System (3 Hours) Spring Semester: Instrument Control via Interface Bus (4 Hours) GPIB/USB Control of Instrument

DATA FILES Spreadsheet Format DATA ANALYSIS Numerical Integration Numerical Differentiation Curve Fitting Fast Fourier Transform DATA ACQUISITION Digital Oscilloscope Function Generator Digital Thermometer Spectrum Analyzer PID Temperature Control System GPIB/USB CONTROL Agilent 34410 A Multimeter

SPRING-SEMESTER PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS Guided Experiments: • Optical Bandgap of Semiconductor (Monochromator) • Doppler-Free Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy (Laser Diode) • Temperature Dependence of Diode’s Saturation Current (Cryostat) • Isotope Shift of Balmer Series in Hydrogen (Spectrometer) • Mass of Cosmic Ray Muon (Fast-Timing Electronics) • Fabrication of Fullerenes (Materials Fabrication) • Proof of Existence of Photons (Single-Photon Detection)

Chaotic Circuit (Kiers et al, AJP 72, 503) Lab. VIEW

High-Temperature Superconductor Four-Probe Resistance Agilent 34410 A Lab. VIEW Insulated Sample GPIB Thermocouple Agilent 34410 A Thermocouple Voltage

COST 1. PCIe-6351: ($1400): Analog Input 16 -Bit, 1. 25 MSample/s Analog Output 16 -Bit, 2. 86 MSample/s 2. USB-6009: ($250): Analog Input 14 -Bit, 48 k. Sample/s Analog Output 12 -Bit, 150 Sample/s Limited Signal Generation 3. my. DAQ: ($199 for Students): Analog Input 16 -Bit, 200 k. Sample/s Analog Output 16 -Bit, 200 k. Sample/s No Hardware Triggering

TIME 1. Seven-Week Intermediate Skill Level 2. Three-Week Introduction (Basic Lab. VIEW + DAQ Assistant) 3. Student Edition of Lab. VIEW $20 Learn Programming as Homework Control Hardware in Lab 4. my. DAQ + Student Edition of Lab. VIEW $199 Learn Programming and Control Hardware as Homework