Teaching and Learning Whats the metaphor Student Views
- Slides: 34
Teaching and Learning What’s the metaphor? Student Views The Value of Schemas Societal Views Self Schemas Educator Views Models of the Learner Anxiety Models of Instruction Building Music The Metaphors Metaphor Questions BUILD A METAPHOR
Last Week’s Metaphor Teacher as … Teaching is like being a talk-show host because: -you try to get people to talk -you set the topic -students are like an audience -there are elements of entertainment -you have to plan -you ask a lot of questions…
A child’s metaphor for the teacher… the good teacher. Teacher as… Counter Primary Epistemological Wizard
Junior… Teacher as… Patience Fun Fairness Counselor Entertainer Judge
Adolescent… Teacher as… Strictness Fun Gimmicks Rules for Talking Tickets/Permits Free Time Valuable Rewards Police Entertainer Legislature Payroll Office
Here’s a Good Metaphor… ild bu ut ab o go ne es o do Ho w Building Students ding Building Knowledge ding a poem Building Institutions ding a story. Building Society ding a garde Buil n. a p Building a Profession e d Buil ing a s rforma nce. ong Building a Role ding. Buil ding a score Building Curriculum. Buil a s y d Building Methodologies Buil ing a p mphon y. robl Building Technologies. B ding em a th uild inke solve ing Building Self r. r. a pi ece of a rt. ing ? Teacher as Builder
Build a view of a teacher… z. Children (The good teacher…) z. Adolescents (The good teacher…) z. Society (Purpose of schools) z. Roles (Role of the Teacher)
ROLE of schools… National Post--State Of Education, Quarterly Report, September 2001 Citizenship? Workers? Happy People? Good People? Builders of the Future (i. e. , parents)? Radical change agents? Scholars (knowledgeable inquirers)?
ROLE of schools… National Post--State Of Education, Quarterly Report, September 2001
What do you consider to be the ROLE of the teacher? z 1. Expert (You have to know how to count… “in your head”) z 2. Empathic Counselor/Therapist z 3. Manager (Patient)
What are teacher roles? z. Instructional Expert z. Counsellor z. Leader z. Manager z. Model z. Motivator z. Reflective Professional
Groups Rating Teacher Roles Freq
Models of the Learner z. So how is the learner viewed? he t g in the w e i e v ss…. if r a rs d ma e h c a e te tivat t s mo unmo t a th hous. . . r a pe morp tivate p a ld an a o mo u o It w ner as ole is t lear cher’s r tea Is this what the learner is like?
To help build a model of the learner, think about the best way to learn, or to maximize learning…. How do you learn best?
A popular notion of learning… we remember z 10% of what z 20% of what z 30% of what z 50% of what z 70% of what others z 80% of what personally z 95% of what another we read we hear we see and hear is discussed with we experience we teach to d l u o w y l l na ing o t s s r d i e l a I p ce re the pla her on +%. hig ay 55 —s
Who learns the most? About lecturing: --the listener? --the speaker? ------the teacher? --the student? ------the sharer? --the receiver? ------the entertainer? --the audience? ------
Models Of The Learner… Tabula Rasa Hypothesis Generator Nativist Constructivist Novice-To-Expert Check WEB Site for Models of Learners and Models of Instruction
1. Tabula Rasa Model z Latin for “blank slate” ythe “empty vessel” metaphor z equal at birth z experience writes its message z experience accounts for differences z e. g. , Skinner and the behaviourists
2. Hypothesis Generator z. Not just experience z. We are characterized by intentionality: -we choose experiences -we generate hypotheses -we interpret experiences (in terms of our notions about the world) ze. g. , Hull
3. Nativism Model z The mind has built-in y Constraints and y Capabilities z “hard-wired” to learn certain things y imprinting (of goslings is pre-wired) y language (LAD) –pre-programmed to learn language y social behaviours (sociobiologists—social behaviours that are genetically pre-programmed) e. g. , Lorenz, Chomsky,
4. Constructivist Model z. Learner constructs his/her world z. Learner is a builder of knowledge z. Learner progressively discovers rules -that govern relationships -for abstracting significance -for generating concepts
The Constructivist Learner z The constructivist learner is: -self motivated -mastery oriented -driven by needs to to know organize understand build meaning ze. g. , Bruner and Piaget
5. Novice-to-Expert zpractical zlearners move from novices to experts zbased on analyses of novices and experts zevident in information processing approaches ze. g. , Rummelhart, Lindsay, Norman
Which model is evident here? z 1. Telling a story…
The Teaching Process (Somewhat Traditional) z Drill z Direct Instruction z Telling z The “Mug & Jug” Model
The Teaching Process (Somewhat Contemporary) z Guided Discovery z Cooperative Learning z Student Centered Learning z A “Constructivist” Model
Constructivist Trends z Authentic Learning/Assessment z Messy Problems/Real Problems z Implicit Instruction z Apprenticing z Student empowerment z Teacher as “Guide on the side” z Collaborative/Co-operative learning
Metaphor Teacher as Builder
Metaphor z z Teacher as orchestra conductor What does an orchestra conductor build? How does an orchestra conductor operate? If this was the metaphor that informed your teaching what would the following look like: y Your teaching? y Your classroom? y Your students? lum u c i r cur l l e, a c n g e n i i , sc reat h t t a e r (m ua s o e s Y s. cla sic l u l a a. m r d t g n s n a e i ach music, an orch e t t no ke ke i l l r , a ). y You horicall ing, etc d p meta y, art, rea r histo
Metaphor: Teacher as Orchestra Conductor If you were approaching your class much like an orchestra conductor approaches the orchestra, what might your class and teaching look like? Examples of questions to think about… z z z z …How does an orchestra conductor give assignments? What is the nature of these assignments? How does the orchestra conductor introduce new material? What rules would an orchestra conductor establish for behaviour in the classroom? What kind of learning activities does an orchestra conductor use or plan to use? How does an orchestra conductor assess student performance? What might the lesson plans of an orchestra conductor look like? What kinds of teaching aids might an orchestra conductor use? What might an orchestra conductor communicate to a student’s parents? How would the room be arranged? What would homework be like? What model-of-the-learner would be most prominent? What roles of the teacher would be most prominent? Least prominent? What purpose of school would be most prominent? Least prominent? What is being constructed or built?
An Orchestra Conductor is a Builder -Building a a musician section team performance Hand in the answers your group came up with in response to this metaphor. Make sure the names (first and last) of group participants are listed at the top of the page. Make sure they are legible.
Teacher as researcher http: //web 2. uwindsor. ca/courses/edfac/morton/use_of_metaphor. htm
Metaphors x. Person Metaphors x. Teacher as Sergeant x. Teacher as Aerobics Instructor x. Teacher as Coach x. Teacher as Gardener x. Teacher as Zookeeper x. Teacher as Nature Trail Guide x. Teacher as Tour Guide x. Teacher as Architect x. Teacher as Medical Practitioner x. Teacher as Politician x. Teacher as Orchestra Conductor x. Teacher as Researcher Institution Metaphors Military Gym Team Garden Zoo Nature Foreign City Building Hospital Parliament Stage Lab
Building Music z. Rap Link
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