Teachers as Gurus to Build a Prosperous Powerful

Teachers as Gurus to Build a Prosperous, Powerful, Intellectual & Ethical India By Dr T. H. CHOWDARY Director: Center for Telecom Management and Studies Chairman: Pragna Bharati (intellect India ) Former: Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited & Information Technology Advisor, Government of Andhra Pradesh T: +91(40) 5567 -1191/ 2784 -6137(O) 2784 -3121® F: +91 (40) 5567 -1111, 2789 -6103 hanuman. chowdary@tcs. com thc@satyam. com Talk @ Osmania University, Hyderabad : 8 Feb 2008 THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07

Dr T. H. Chowdary At present: Director : Center for Telecom Management & Studies Chairman : Pragna Bharati, Andhra Pradesh Fellow: Tata Consultancy Services & Satyam Computer Services Formerly: Information Technology Advisor: Government of Andhra Pradesh Founder Chairman & Managing Director, Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd Dy. Director General: Department of Telecoms, Government of India Presidnet: Institution of Electronics and Telecom Engineers, India Chiarman: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Hyderabad Kendra Governor : INTELSAT, Washington Executive Director : INMARSAT – London Chief Technical Adviser : UNDP in Guyana and Yemen UNDP/ ITU Expert : South Africa and Nepal Address: Plot No. 8, P&T Colony, Karkhana (Secunderabad), Hyderabad - 500 009. Phone : +91 (40) 2784 -6137, 6667 -1191 (Off) & 2784 -3121 (Res) Fax : +91 (40) 6667 -1111, 2789 -6104 (Off) E-Mail: hanuman. chowdary@tcs. com & thc@satyam. com THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 2

Education • • • Vidya: Vid to know Discovering the divine potential Learning and excellence Guru as Guide, Father, friend and lover Continuous learning Vidyarthi Student THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 3

Guru’s ‘form’/Create Great People • Sandipani – Krishna • Drona - Kuru Pandavas • Aristotle - Alexander • The job of the master is not merely to bequeath a store of knowledge to his pupils but to instill in them a thirst for truth and inspiration and drill them in proper methods of research. • 70% of living Nobel Laureates are teaching in US Universities THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 4

Gurudevo Maheswarah: ! WHY • Agnana timirandhasya gnananjana salaakayaa Chakshurun meelitam yena … • Piteva Putrasya, Sakheva Sakhyuh Priyah Priyaah • Vidyarthi & Student • Taittiriya Upanishad – Knowable • Kathopanishad – Nachiketa & Yama • Aham Brahmaasmi Luceat Lux Vestra • Vishnu Sarma: Greatest Pedagogue THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 5

What is education (1/3) • Education is a liberating force, enables the individual to rise form mere materiality to superior planes of intellectual and spiritual consciousness. • Education gives us accumulated lessons of heritage to carry it forward to posterity. • The past is our foundation, the present our material, the future our aim and summit. Each must have its due and natural place in a national system of education. – Sri Aurobindo THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 6

What is education (2/3) We want that education by which character is formed, strength of mind is increased, the intellect is expanded and by which one can stand on one’s own feet. Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man - Swami Vivekananda THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 7

What is education (3/3) • I firmly believe the efficacy of the education as a panacea for our social evils - Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Vidyayaa Vindate Amritam Aatmanaa Vindate Veeryam -Deathlessness is attained by knowledge Valour is attained by self (discipline) THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 8

Instill Culture in Students • Obedience to unenforceable laws • Adding to the sum total of happiness • Memorising Satakas (Sumathi & Vemana) & Subhashitas (Bhartrihari) • Lincoln’s Letter to the Teacher of his son THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 9

Lincoln’s Letter to the Teacher of his son (1) v Respected Teacher! • My son will have to learn, I know • That all men are not just, all men are not true, but teach him also • That for every scoundrel, there is a Hero • That for every selfish politician, there is a dedicated leader • Teach him that for every enemy, there is a friend • It will take time, I know; but teach him if you can • That a dollar earned is of far more value than five found • Teach him to learn to lose and also enjoy winning • Steer him away from envy, if you can • Teach him the secret of quiet laughter • Let him learn early that the Bullies are easiest to Lick • Teach him if you can, the wonder of books… • But also give him Quiet time to ponder over the eternal mystery of birds in the sky, bees in the sun and flowers on a green hills – side THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 10

Lincoln’s Letter to the Teacher of his son (2) • • • • In school teach him it is far more honourable to fail than to cheat Teach him to have faith in his own ideas even if everyone tells him they are wrong Teach him to be gentle with gentle people and tough with the tough Try to give my son the strength not to follow the crowd when everyone is getting on the Bandwagon Teach him to listen to all men but teach him also to filter all he hears on a screen of truth and take only the good that comes through Teach him, if you can, how to laugh when he is sad Teach him there is no shame in tears Teach him to scoff at cynics and to beware of too much sweetness Teach him to sell his Brawn and Brain to the highest bidders, but never to put a price tag on his heart and soul Teach him to close his Ears to a Howling Mob…. And to stand Fight If he thinks he is right Treat him gently; but do not cuddle him because only the test of Fire Makes Fine Steel Let him have the courage to be important Let him have the patience to brave Teach him always to have sublime faith in himself because then he will always have sublime faith in mankind This is a bid order; but see what you can do He is such a fine little fellow, my son. THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 11

Values in Bharatiya Vidya • Na vittena Tarpaneeyo manushyah • Atmana vindate Veeryam Vidyaya vindate Amritam • Isa vasyamidam Jagat • Parasparam Bhavayansah Sreyo Paramavaapsyatha THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 12

What Values (1) Aatmaupanyena sarvatra samam pasyati Itite gnaanamaakhyaatam. . . . Guhyaat guhyataram mayaa Etadaseshena vimrasya yathechasi, tathaa kuru - Bh. Gita 18: 62 No dogma freedom to think and act THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 13

What Values (2) • Respect for elders & others – Matru devo bhava……. Sravan Kumar……. • Lokasangraha • Patriotism (& nationalism) – Jananee Janma Bhoomischa Swargaadapi Gariyasi. . . – Kacha’s example THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 14

The Oath Guru Administers q. I exhort you as follows: • Speak the truth. • Walk in the way of the duty • Neglect not the study of higher knowledge • Treat they teacher with respect and gratitude. • And fail not in taking upon thyself the burden of life THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 15

How do we learn? Paadam gurubhyah Paadam brahmachaaribhyah Paadam swamedhayaa Paadam kaalakramenacha • Life-long learning for Life-long employability THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 16

Happiness: (1) • The man that hath no music in himself Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds Is fit for treasons, stratagems and spoils The motious of his spirit are dull as night, And his affections dark as E rebus Let no such man be trusted - Shakespeare in Merchant of Venice THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 17

Happiness (2) q Character of a Happy Life How happy is he born and taught That serveth not another’s will; Whose armour is honest thought, And simple truth his utmost skill; Whose passions not his masters are; Whose soul is still prepared for death, Untied unto the world by care Of public fame or private breath; Who envies none that chance doth raise Nor vice; who never understood How deepest wounds are given by praise; Nor rules of state, but rules of good; Who hath his life from rumours freed; THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 18

Happiness (3) Ø Whose conscience is his strong retreat; Whose state can neither flatterers feed, Nor ruin make oppressors great; Who God doth late and early prayMore of his grace than gifts to lend And entertains the harmless day With a religious book or friend This man is freed from servile bands Of hope to rise or fear to fall; Lord of himself, though not of lands, And having nothing, yet hath all. -Sir Henry Wotton THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 19

DOGMA OR FREE THINKING • Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high; Where knowledge is free; Where the world has not been broken Up into fragments by narrow domestic walls; Where words come out from the depth of truth; Where tireless starving stretches its arms towards perfection; Where the clear street of reason has not lost its way into the dreary desert sand of dead habit; Where the mind is led forward by Thee into ever-widening thought and action Into that heaven of freedom, my father, let my country awake. -Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 20

Entitlement, Employment, Entrepreneurship • “You cannot bring about prosperity by discouraging thrift. You cannot strengthen the weak by weakening the strong. You cannot help the poor by destroying the rich. You cannot establish sound security on borrowed money. You cannot keep out trouble by spending more than you earn. You cannot build character and courage by taking away man’s initiative and independence. You cannot help men permanently by doing for them What they could do for themselves. ” - Abraham Lincoln (Source: Freedom First, May 1989) THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 21

Success and Risk • Don’t keep forever on the public road, going only where other have gone. Leave the beaten path occasionally and dive into the woods. You will be certain to find something you have never seen before. It will be a little thing but do not ignore it. Follow it up; explore around it, one discovery will lead to another and before you know it, you will have something really worth thinking about Alexander Graham Bell THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 22

Success • Sow a thought and reap an act Sow an act, reap a habit Sow a habit, reap a character Sow a character, reap a destiny THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 23

Risk and Reward • I shall be telling with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence Two roads diverged in the woods and I I took the one less travelled by And that has made all the difference - Robert Frost THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 24

Lives of Great Men • Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime And, departing, leave behind us Foot prints on the sands of time – Long fellow THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 25

Auto-biographies/ Life story of great men • Lives of great men all remind us we may make our lives sublime and departing leave behind us foot prints on the sands of time. • Dr. B. R. Ambedkar • Lee Kuan Yew • Henry Ford • Jamshedji Tata, Dhirubhai Ambani, G D Birla • Khrushchev, Gorbachev • Ben Gurion, Golda Mair • Balagangadhar Tilak – Gita Rahasya • Margaret Thatcher • Irvine Shroedinger • Andy Grove • Einstein • Oppenhammer • Betrand Russel • K M Munshi • Rajaji THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 26 • M C Chagla

Dhanyawad: Thank You THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 27

BHARAT MAHAN! (Intellectuals estimate of India) India is the only country which never invaded any foreign country “India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without even having to send a single soldier across her border”. - HU SHIH, Former Ambassador of China to USA THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 28

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Bhaskaracharya (5 th century AD) calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds ofyears before the astromer Smart. Time taken by earth to orbit the sun: 365. 258756484 days. The art of Navigation was born in the river Sindh 6000 years ago. The very word Navigation is derived from the Sanskrit words NAV Gatih. The word navy is also derived from Sanskrit ‘Nou’ THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 29

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Budhayana first calculated the value of pi, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6 th century long before the European mathematicians. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Sridharacharya propounded quadratic equations in the 11 th century. THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 30

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 1053 with specific names as early as 5000 BCE during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Peta: 1015. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC. THC_CTMS India invented the Number System. S 374_Feb 07 Zero was invented by Aryabhatta. 31

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Sushruta is the father of surgery, 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted complicated surgeries like cesareans, cataracts, artificial legs, fractures, urinary stones and even plastic surgery and brain surgery. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India. Over 125 surgical equipment was used. Deep knowledge of anatomy, physiology, etiology, embryology, digestion, metabolism, genetics and immunity is also found in many texts. THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 32

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans. Charaka, the father of medicine consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago. Today Yoga and Ayurveda are fast regaining its rightful place in our civilization. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra. According to Saka King Rudradaman I of 150 CE a beautiful lake aptly called ‘Sudarshana’ was constructed on the hills of Raivataka during Chandragupta Maurya’s time. THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 33

BHARAT MAHAN! “If I were to look over the whole world to find out the country most richly endowed with all the wealth, power and beauty that nature can bestow-in some parts a very paradise on earth - I should point to India. If I were to asked under what sky the human mind has most fully developed the choicest gifts, has most deeply pondered on the greatest problems of life, and has found solution of some of them which well deserve the attention even of those who have studied Plato and Kant - I should point to India. And if I were to ask myself from what literature we here in Europe, we who have been nurtured almost exclusively on the thought of Greeks and Romans, and of one Semitic race, the Jewish, may draw that corrective which is most wanted in order to make our inner life more truly human, a life not for this life only, but a transfigured and eternal life -- again I should point to India”. -MAX MULLER THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 34

BHARAT MAHAN! “If I were to look over the whole world to find out the country most richly endowed with all the wealth, power and beauty that nature can bestow-in some parts a very paradise on earth - I should point to India. If I were to asked under what sky the human mind has most fully developed the choicest gifts, has most deeply pondered on the greatest problems of life, and has found solution of some of them which well deserve the attention even of those who have studied Plato and Kant - I should point to India. And if I were to ask myself from what literature we here in Europe, we who have been nurtured almost exclusively on the thought of Greeks and Romans, and of one Semitic race, the Jewish, may draw that corrective which is most wanted in order to make our inner life more truly human, a life not for this life only, but a transfigured and eternal life -- again I should point to India”. -MAX MULLER THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 35

BHARAT MAHAN! “India was the motherland of our race, and Sanskrit the mother of Europe’s languages; she was the mother of our philosophy; mother, through the Arabs, of much of our mathematics; mother, through the Buddha, of ideals embodied in Christianity; mother, through the village community, of selfgovernment and democracy. Mother India is in many ways the mother of us all”. -WILL DURANT THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 36

BHARAT MAHAN! “Whenever I have read any part of the Vedas, I have felt that some unearthly and unknown light illuminated me. In the great teaching of the Vedas, there is no touch of the sectarianism. It is of ages, climes, and nationalities and is the royal road for the attainment of the Great Knowledge. When I am at it, I feel that I am under the spangled heavens of a summer night”. -HENRY DAVID THOREAU THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 37

Instill this Wisdom • • • You cannot bring about prosperity by discouraging thrift You cannot strengthen the weak by weakening the strong You cannot help the poor by destroying the rich You cannot establish sound security on borrowed money You cannot keep out trouble by spending more than you earn • You cannot build character and courage by taking away man’s initiative and Independence • You cannot help men permanently by doing for them what they can do for themselves -Abraham Lincoln THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 38

Dhanyawad: Thank You THC_CTMS S 374_Feb 07 39