Teach GCSE Maths Pictograms Number of Parking Tickets
Teach GCSE Maths Pictograms Number of Parking Tickets 40 30 20 Thursday Friday y ida Fr Th ur sd ay y sd a ay W ed ne es d Tu Monday Tuesday Wednesday Mo 0 nd ay 10 Bar Charts and Line Graphs
Pictograms, Bar Charts and Line Graphs Data from the Office for National Statistics which is included in this presentation is reproduced under the terms of the click-use licence. "Certain images and/or photos on this presentation are the copyrighted property of Jupiter. Images and are being used with permission under license. These images and/or photos may not be copied or downloaded without permission from Jupiter. Images" © Christine Crisp
Diagrams are often used to show information from data. e. g. The following data set shows the number of cars given parking tickets on a particular street on 5 weekdays. Monday 20 Tuesday Wednesday Thursday 20 5 35 Friday 40 As always, the frequencies are numbers, but we don’t have numbers for the days of the week. The data are qualitative (descriptions ) instead of quantitative (quantities or numbers ). Both types of data can be shown in pictograms and bar charts.
Number of Parking Tickets Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday 20 20 5 35 Friday 40 e. g. A pictogram of the data. Tickets Number of Parking pictogram picture Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Decide with your partner how many real cars The diagram must have a title. Key: and key. = 10 cars are represented by a picture of a car. Ans: 10
There is very little difference between a pictogram and a bar chart. We replace the pictures with bars ! Number of Parking Tickets Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 0 10 20 30 40 As before, we must have a title but instead of a key we have a scale. Bar charts are easier to draw using squared paper.
Tuesday Wednesday 20 10 Thursday 20 Friday 10 Tuesday 0 Monday Friday Wednesday Thursday 30 40 To find the mean number of tickets issued per day, we sum the frequencies and divide by the number of days. 0 Mo Monday 40 20 30 Number of Parking Tickets nd ay of Parking Tickets Number Tu es da W Monday y ed ne Tuesdaysd ay Th Wednesday ur sd Thursdayay Friday. Frid ay 20 30 10 0 30 40 10 Number of Parking Tickets 40 Bar charts are often drawn with the bars going up the page.
Bar charts are often drawn with the bars going up the page. Number of Parking Tickets 40 Number of Parking Tickets Monday 30 Tuesday Wednesday 20 Thursday y ida Fr ur sd ay y sd a Th = 20 + 5 + 35 + 40 = 24 5 ay mean number of tickets issued per day 0 ed ne 40 W 30 es d 20 Tu 10 Mo 0 nd ay 10 Friday
Double, or dual, bar charts can be used to compare data. Ans: (a) 2 (b) 4 12 10 8 6 4 2 Tr s ai Ta n W x al i ki ng 0 Bu (a) How many girls go by train? (b) How many children go by taxi? (c) What is the most popular way of getting to school? Methods of Transport to School Frequency This chart compares the way that boys and girls in a junior class travelled to school. With your partner answer the following: (c) Walking Boys Girls
A line graph is mostly used when data are given at regular intervals of time. For example, times of day, months, or years. Number Year (millions) e. g. The table shows the total number of recorded crimes in 1991 15. 1 England Wales. 1993 18. 4 Draw a line graph to display the data. Solution: We plot the years on the x-axis (horizontally) and the number of crimes up the y-axis (vertically). The points are joined with straight line segments. 1995 19. 2 1997 16. 5 1999 14. 8 2001 12. 6 Source: Office for National Statistics: British Crime Survey, Home Office
Solution: Number (millions) 1991 15. 1 1993 18. 4 1995 19. 2 1997 16. 5 1999 14. 8 Number (millions) Year Total Number of Crimes committed in England Wales x x x 1 9 9 3 95 7 99 01 9 9 1 19 19 20 2001 12. 6 Year • Between 1991 and 2001, most crimes occurred in Tell your partner 2 things the graph tells you about 1995. the number of crimes. • Crime decreased each year from 1995 to 2001. ( Other answers are possible. )
Exercise 1. The diagram shows the spending by overseas tourists in parts of the U. K. in 2001. Area Scotland Wales Heart of England SW England Source: Office for National Statistics Key: = £ 100 million (a) How much was spent by the tourists in (i) the Heart of England (ii) Wales? (b) The figure for SW England was £ 450 000. How many pictures would show this?
Exercise Answers: Area Scotland Wales Heart of England SW England Source: Office for National Statistics Key: = £ 100 million (a) (i) £ 700 million was spent in the Heart of England (ii) £ 250 million was spent in Wales. (b) 4½ pictures are needed to show £ 450 000.
2. The diagram shows the estimates of fish stock in the North Sea in the 1970 s and 1990 s. 3000 North Sea Fish Stocks Frequency 2000 ( thousands of tonnes ) 1000 0 70's 90's Cod Herring Haddock Source: Office for National Statistics (a) Which type of fish stock increased between the 1970 s and the 1990 s? Ans: Herring (b) What was the estimate of the stock of cod in the 1970 s? Ans: 800 000 ( 800 thousand ) tonnes
SUMMARY Ø Qualitative data has descriptions instead of numbers. e. g. days of the week, colours, transport methods. Ø Pictograms and bar charts can be used to display qualitative and quantitative data. Ø Pictograms must have a title and a key. The key gives the frequency for each picture. Ø The lengths of the bars on a bar chart give the frequencies. Bar charts must have a title and a scale. Ø Line graphs have straight line segments joining the points. The x-axis often shows time.
- Slides: 15