TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Nyoman

TCP / IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Nyoman Bogi Aditya Karna, ST, MSEE Sisfo – IM Telkom

Sistem Bilangan Sistem yang menyepadankan antara suatu besaran dengan suatu simbol. Decimal : memiliki 10 simbol : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Binary : memiliki 2 simbol : 0 dan 1 Octal : memiliki 8 simbol : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Hexadecimal : memiliki 16 simbol : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F • • • contoh : 110(10) = 110( 2) = 110( 8) = 110(16) = 110 D 110 B 110 O 110 H = 100 + 10 = 4 + 2 = 64 + 8 = 256 + 16 + + 0 0 1 x 102 1 x 22 1 x 82 1 x 162 + + 1 x 101 1 x 21 1 x 81 1 x 161 + + 0 x 100 0 x 20 0 x 80 0 x 160

Transformasi Sistem Bilangan 1010 1101 B = … … … D 1 x 27+0 x 26+1 x 25+0 x 24 + 1 x 23+1 x 22+0 x 21+1 x 20 = 128 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 1010 1101 B = 1 7 3 D 173 D = … … … 2 2 2 2 173 86 43 21 10 5 2 1 B 1 0 1 0 173 D = 1010 1101 B 128 64 32 16 2 7 26 25 24 a b c d 8 23 e 4 22 f 2 21 g 1 20 h (B)

Transformasi Sistem Bilangan A 10 x 161 160 A D H = 1 7 3 D + + H = … … … D 13 x 160 = 13 173 D = … … … 16 173 D A D 173 D = A D 4096 163 a 256 162 b 16 161 c 1 160 d (H) O H

Transformasi Sistem Bilangan Binary Hexadecimal 11011011011 B = … … … H Hexadecimal Binary 6 DB H = … … … B bobot : 421 8421 110|1101|1011 6 D B 11011011011 B = 6 D B H H = 11011011011 B

Istilah • bit (binary digit) adalah suatu simbol biner (‘ 0’ atau ‘ 1’) • Byte adalah kesatuan 8 bit (contoh : ‘ 00010110’) • Word adalah 1 informasi data, tergantung dari prosesor yg digunakan (80386 DX – Pentium 4 : 1 word = 32 bit) • 1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1024 Byte • 1 Megabyte (MB) = 1024 KB = 1058576 Byte • 1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 MB • 1 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 GB • 1 kbps = 1 kilo bit per second = 1000 bit per second

Topologi Jaringan : Bus

Topologi Jaringan : Star

Topologi Jaringan : Bus + Star

Protocol • Definition: Set of rules ↔ spoken language • different hardware will be able to communicate and understand each other • protocol for computer networking network protocol • Network protocol : Net. BEUI, IPX/SPX, TCP/IP

Network Protocol Net. BIOS and Net. BEUI 16 characters naming (15 user’s last name + 1 object type), small LAN (<200 objects), no routing, fewer network utility, simple to install, high compatibility, unlimited session, low memory requirement, solid error detection and recovery IPX/SPX Addition to NETBIOS : routing capability, greater reliability, remote console TCP/IP two sets of protocols: TCP for transmission manager and IP for addressing, highest reliability with error detection and recovery

TCP / IP Network Interface header Data Application layer TCP header Data Transport layer IP header TCP header Data Network Interface layer Application Layer • application software that access (receive/send data) a service through specific port Transport Layer • split data from application into packets with specific size (usually 1500 byte with transport header) • Put additional information (TCP header) to each packet, i. e. checksum and packet number to ensure reliable transport (packet received without error) Network Layer (or Internet Layer) • encapsulates the transport layer data unit in an IP datagram • handles the incoming datagram and uses the routing algorithm to determine whether the datagram is to be processed locally or be forwarded Network Interface Layer • responsible for accepting and transmitting IP datagram

IP Addressing v. 4 • • Consists of 4 number separated by dot (dotted decimal) Each number is a decimal representation from 8 -bit binary (thus create value from 0 to 255) IP address contains Network ID (describe where the network located) and Host ID (describe which object is addressed) Based on Net ID and Host ID, IP address can be divided by 5 classes (A, B, C, D, and E) : – – – • Class A : 1. x. x. x – 127. x. x. x Class B : 128. x. x. x – 191. x. x. x Class C : 192. x. x. x – 223. x. x. x CIDR (Classless Internet DR) IP : 00001010. 00001110. 11001001. 01100100 netmask : 11111111. 0000 Net ID : 00001010. 00001110. 11001001. 0000 10. 14. 201. 0 IP netmask Net ID : 11011110. 1111100. 00010100. 11101000 : 111111111000 : 11011110. 1111100. 00010100. 11101000 222. 124. 20. 232

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