TC KIMLIK CHECKSUM include stdio h include stdlib

TC KIMLIK CHECKSUM #include <stdio. h> #include <stdlib. h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { long long long int ETM 555 long long long i ; tc. Kimlik. No. Number ; d[10] ; tmp 1 = 0 ; tmp = 0 ; odd_sum = 0 ; even_sum = 0 ; total = 0 ; chk. Digit 1 = 0 ; chk. Digit 2 = 0 ; 1

for(tc. Kimlik. No. Number = 1900000 ; tc. Kimlik. No. Number < 200000 ; tc. Kimlik. No. Number++) { tmp =tc. Kimlik. No. Number / 100 ; tmp 1 = tc. Kimlik. No. Number / 100 ; for (i = 9; i > 0; i--) { d[i] = tmp 1 % 10 ; tmp 1 = tmp 1 / 10 ; } odd_sum = d[9] + d[7]+ d[5]+ d[3]+ d[1]; even_sum = d[8] + d[6] + d[4] + d[2]; total = odd_sum * 3 + even_sum; chk. Digit 1 = (10 - (total % 10)) % 10; odd_sum = chk. Digit 1 + d[8] + d[6] + d[4] + d[2]; even_sum = d[9] + d[7] + d[5] + d[3] + d[1]; total = odd_sum * 3 + even_sum; chk. Digit 2 = (10 - (total % 10)) % 10; tmp = tmp * 100 + chk. Digit 1 * 10 + chk. Digit 2; if (tmp != tc. Kimlik. No. Number) { /* printf("Gecersiz TC Kimlik Numarasi: %lldn", tc. Kimlik. No. Number) ; ; } else { printf("Gecerli TC Kimlik Numarasi: %lldn", tc. Kimlik. No. Number) ; } } */ return(0) ; } ETM 555 2

HTML • Hypertext Markup Language • Identifies the elements of a page so that a browser such as MS Internet Explorer or Netscape can render that page on the computer screen • Static page description • WYSIWYG web page authoring tools - MS Frontpage - Dreamweaver - Home Site ETM 555 3

HTML Example Source <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <P> Hello world </P> </BODY> </HTML> ETM 555 4

HTML Form Example <HTML><HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <FORM METHOD="GET" ACTION="http: //localhost/cgi-bin/ex. cgi > <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="word"> <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Submit word"> </FORM> </BODY> </HTML> ETM 555 5

GET and POST METHODS • GET method passes form input as part of the URL to the server side program: http: //www. yahoo. com/cgi-bin/process. cgi? firstname=ali&last=veli • POST method passes input to the standard input of the server side program: firstname=ali last=veli ETM 555 6

HTML 5 • • HTML 5 is the next generation of HTML • The previous version of HTML came in 1999. The web has changed a lot since then. • HTML 5 is still a work in progress. However, most modern browsers have some HTML 5 support. • Examples: HTML 5 will be the new standard for HTML, XHTML, and the HTML DOM. – ETM 555 http: //html 5 demos. com/ 7

HTML 5 • Some of the most interesting new features in HTML 5: – – – ETM 555 The canvas element for drawing The video and audio elements for media playback Better support for local offline storage New content specific elements, like article, footer, header, nav, section New form controls, like calendar, date, time, email, url, search 8

JAVASCRIPT • Scripting language • Browser contains Javascript interpreter which processes the commands in the script • Processed by client ETM 555 9

Javascript Example Source <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> <SCRIPT LANGUAGE= "Javascript" > function sayhello() { document. writeln("<p> Hello world </p>") ; } </SCRIPT> </HEAD> <BODY ONLOAD= "sayhello()" > </BODY> </HTML> ETM 555 10

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) • Allow you to specify the style of your page elements (spacing, margins etc) separately from the structure of your documents (section headers, body, text, links etc) • “Separation of Structure from Content” allows greater manageability and makes changing the style of the document easier. ETM 555 11

CSS Example Source • inline style (w/o CSS) <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <P STYLE= “font-size: 20 pt” > Hello world </P> </BODY></HTML> ETM 555 12

CSS Example Source • css style sheet <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> <STYLE TYPE = “text/css”> P {font-size: 20 pt } </STYLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <P > Hello world </P> </BODY></HTML> ETM 555 13

CSS Example Source • importing the css file: <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> <LINK REL = “stylesheet” TYPE=“text/css” HREF = “styles. css” </HEAD> <BODY> <P > Hello world </P> </BODY></HTML> ETM 555 14

XML-Extensible Markup Language • HTML markup is for displaying information • XML markup is for describing data of virtually any type • XML enables creation of new markup languages to markup anything imaginable (such as mathematical formulas, records etc) • In XML, new tags can be created • Data is structured in a hierarchical manner ETM 555 15

XML example <? xml version = “ 1. 0”> <person> <firstname> Ali </firstname> <lastname> Veli </lastname> <married> yes </married> <wife> <firstname> Ayse </firstname> <lastname> Mehmet </lastname> </wife> </person> ETM 555 16

XML Document Model • A “document model” is used to enforce structure within a document • Two types of document models for XML: – DTD – Document Type Definition – XML Schema • Document models are not required in XML ETM 555 17

Validating Parsers • A validating parser will check an XML document’s structure against a DTD or XML Schema • • Documents that conform to a document model are “valid” Validating parsers will report an error if the document does not conform to it’s document model, even if it is well-formed ETM 555 18

DTD Example: XML File • • 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 • • • 9 10 11 12 13 14 ETM 555 <? xml version=” 1. 0” standalone=”yes”? > <emails> <message num=”a 1” to=”joe@ acmeshipping. com” from=”brenda@ xyzcompany. com” date=” 02/09/01”> <subject title=”Order 10011”/> <body> Joe, Please let me know if order number 10011 has shipped. Thanks, Brenda </body> <reply status="yes"/> </message> </emails> 19

DTD Example: Internal DTD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 <!DOCTYPE emails [ <!ELEMENT emails (message+)> <!ELEMENT message (subject? , body, reply*)> <!ATTLIST message num ID #REQUIRED to CDATA #REQUIRED from CDATA #FIXED “brenda@ xyzcompany. com” date CDATA #REQUIRED> <!ELEMENT subject EMPTY> <!ATTLIST subject title CDATA #IMPLIED> <!ELEMENT body ANY> <!ELEMENT reply EMPTY> <!ATTLIST reply status (yes | no) "no"> ]> ETM 555 20

XML Schema • • • XML Schema specification released by the W 3 C in May 2001, and contains two parts: – Part I - structure – Part II - data types Developed as an alternative to DTD’s and is much more powerful Features: – Pattern matching – Rich set of data types – Attribute grouping – Supports XML namespaces – Follows XML syntax ETM 555 21

XML Schema Example 1 <? xml version=” 1. 0”? > 2 <message 3 xmlns: xsi = "http: //www. w 3. org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4 xsi: no. Namespace. Schema. Location = "message_schema. xsd"> 5 <to>Joe Poller</to> 6 <from>Brenda Lane</from> 7 <date_sent/> 8 <subject>Order 10011</subject> 9 <body> 10 Joe, 11 Please let me know if order number 10011 has shipped. 12 Thanks, 13 Brenda 14 </body> 15 </message> ETM 555 22

XML Schema Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 12 13 14 <? xml version=” 1. 0”? > <xsd: schema xmlns: xsd=”http: //www. w 3. org/2001/XMLSchema”> <xsd: element name=”message”> <xsd: complex. Type> <xsd: sequence> <xsd: element name=”to” type=”xsd: string” min. Occurs-“ 1” max. Occurs=”unbounded”/> <xsd: element name=”from” type=”xsd: string” min. Occurs=” 1”/> <xsd: element name=”date_sent” type=”xsd: date”/> <xsd: element name=”subject” type=”xsd: string”/> <xsd: element name=”body” type=”xsd: string”/> </xsd: sequence> </xsd: complex. Type> </xsd: element> </xsd: schema> ETM 555 23

ASP/PHP • Javascript is client side scripting language • ASP/PHP are server side scripting languages • ASP/PHP process pages on the server and return the results in the form of HTML source to the client (browser) • ASP is Microsoft product ETM 555 24

PHP Example 1 <html> <body> <? php $db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root"); mysql_select_db("mydb", $db); $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees", $db); printf(“<p>First Name: %s</p>n", mysql_result($result, 0, "first")); printf(“<p>Last Name: %s</p>n", mysql_result($result, 0, "last")); printf(“<p>Address: %s</p>n", mysql_result($result, 0, "address")); printf(“<p>Position: %s</p>n", mysql_result($result, 0, "position")); ? > </body> </html> ETM 555 25

PHP Example 2 <html> <body> <? php if ($submit) { // process form $db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root"); mysql_select_db("mydb", $db); $sql = "INSERT INTO employees (first, last, address, position) VALUES ('$first', '$last', '$address', '$position')"; $result = mysql_query($sql); echo "Thank you! Information entered. n"; } else{ // display form ? > <form method="post" action="<? php echo $PHP_SELF? >"> First name: <input type="Text" name="first"> Last name: <input type="Text" name="last"> Address: <input type="Text" name="address"> Position: <input type="Text" name="position"> <input type="Submit" name="submit" value="Enter information"> </form> <? php } // end if ? > </body> </html> ETM 555 26

PHP-MYSQL PROGRAMMING MYSQL Commands CREATE TABLE tablename ( columnname typ modifiers, …. . ) SELECT fieldname 1, fieldname 2, . . FROM tablename WHERE criteria SELECT fieldname 1, fieldname 2, . . FROM tablename ORDER BY fieldname ASC DSC ETM 555 27

PHP-MYSQL PROGRAMMING INSERT INTO tablename (fieldname 1, fieldname 2, …) VALUES (‘value 1’, ‘value 2’, … ) UPDATE tablename SET fieldname 1=‘value 1’, fieldname 2=‘value 2’ WHERE criteria DELETE FROM tablename WHERE criteria ETM 555 28

CGI • Common Gateway Interface • Protocol to enable running programs on the web server • These programs produce HTML output which is sent to the client (browser) • Programs can be written in any language (most popular is PERL) ETM 555 29

PERL • Practical Extraction and Report Language • Became popular with CGI programs • High level – rich and easy to use pattern matching, text processing operators • Lots of free PERL modules (packages) are available that make programming easy: -networking modules -Html/XMP parser, CGI modules • Extremely useful for developing automated pograms that surf the Internet ETM 555 30

Automated Web Page Downloader #!/usr/local/bin/perl use LWP: : User. Agent ; use HTML: : Toke. Parser ; $options{"agent"} = "Mozilla/4. 6 [en] (X 11; I; Sun. OS 5. 7 sun 4 u)"; my $agent = new LWP: : User. Agent(%options); my $request = new HTTP: : Request('GET' => $ARGV[0] ) ; my $response = $agent->request($request) ; if ( $response->is_success() ) { print($response->content()) ; } else { print("Error: ". $reponse->status_line(). "n" ) ; die ; } ETM 555 31

CGI Life Cycle • • • Server receives a request for a CGI program Server creates a new process to run the CGI program Server passes information to the program: – ETM 555 via environment variables and standard input. 32

CGI – Based Web Server Main Process Request for CGI 1 Child process for CGI 1 Request for CGI 2 Child process for CGI 2 Request for CGI 1 Child process for CGI 1 ETM 555 33

Problems with CGI • • Expensive to create a process for each request: – requires time and significant server resources, – limits the # of requests a server can handle concurrently Stateless: No history remembered – A big problem for web-based development – Solutions: cookies – Still expensive ETM 555 34

Problems with CGI • Once the CGI program starts: – – • • It cannot interact with the web server It takes advantage of the server's abilities once it begins execution Reasons: the program is running in a separate process. Example, a CGI script cannot write to the server's log file. ETM 555 35

Ways to Improve CGI Performance • • • Fast. CGI mod_perl Other solutions ETM 555 36

Fast. CGI • • Developed by a company “Open Market” Fast. CGI creates a single persistent process for each Fast. CGI program It eliminates the need to create a new process for each request. See: http: //www. fastcgi. com/ ETM 555 37

Fast. CGI • No need to start multiple processes for different requests for the same fastcgi program • • Still needs one process for each cgi program. It does nothing to help the Fast. CGI program to interact more closely with the server. – • Not implemented by some of the more popular servers, i. e. , Microsoft's Internet Information Server. Not very portable ETM 555 38

Fast. CGI – Based Web Server Main Process Request for CGI 1 Single Child process for CGI 1 Request for CGI 2 Request for CGI 1 ETM 555 Single Child process for CGI 2 39

Mod_perl • • Used in the Apache web server • • Providing complete access to Perl functionality within Apache mod_perl is a module that embeds a copy of the Perl interpreter into the Apache httpd executable CGI scripts are precompiled by the server and executed without forking, Thus running much more quickly and efficiently. http: //perl. apache. org/ ETM 555 40

Server Extension APIs • Proprietary server extension APIs for example: – – – ETM 555 Netscape provides an internal API called NSAPI Microsoft provides ISAPI Exist within the main process of a web server 41

Server Extension APIs Advantages • Using one of these APIs, one can write server extensions that enhance or change the base functionality of the server • Allowing the server to handle tasks that were once assigned to external CGI programs. • Use linked C or C++ code – – ETM 555 Thus can run extremely fast; and make full use of the server's resources. 42

Web Server with Server Extension API Main Process Request for Server. Extension 1 Request for Server. Extension 2 Request for Server. Extension 1 ETM 555 Server. Extension 2 43

Server Extension APIs Disadvantages • • Difficult to develop and maintain Pose significant security and reliability hazards – • a crashed server extension can bring down the entire server. Proprietary server extensions are tied to the server API on a particular OS – ETM 555 Not very portable 44

JAVA • Introduced by SUN Microsystems • Object oriented programming language • Java compiler creates bytecodes that are interpreted by java bytecode interpreter • Portable bytecode • Java can be used to create dynamic content on web pages • Java applets: are programs that can be embedded in HTML documents. Browser (i. e. client) executes the applets. ETM 555 45

JAVA Servlets • A servlet is a server-side version of an applet • Servlets are executed on the server under the control of web server • Servlets are called from HTML just as with applets • Servlet receive a request and returns a response to the client in the form of an HTML source • Often used as alternative to CGI programs • Some advantages: - CGI programs start, execute and stop providing no way to save information whereas servlet continue to run (hence capable of saving information) - Large set of APIs - Can be faster than CGI ETM 555 46

Java Servlet Based Web Server Main Process Request for Servlet 1 thread Request for Servlet 2 thread Servlet 1 JVM Servlet 2 Request for Servlet 1 ETM 555 47

AJAX Technologies (Asynchronous Javascript and XML) • Ajax programming uses combination of : – XHTML/HTML and CSS formatting. – DOM accessed with a client-side scripting language such as Java. Script to dynamically display and interact with the information presented. – XMLHttp. Request object is used to exchange data asynchronously with the web server without leaving the current page – XML is used for transferring data between the server and client, (any other format can also be used). • Example: Gmail uses ajax technologies ETM 555 48

JQUERY • • • j. Query is a library of Java. Script Functions. j. Query greatly simplifies Java. Script programming j. Query is easy to learn j. Query is a lightweight "write less, do more" Java. Script library http: //jquery. com/ ETM 555 49

JQUERY • The j. Query library contains the following features: HTML element selections HTML element manipulation CSS manipulation HTML event functions Java. Script Effects and animations HTML DOM traversal and modification AJAX Utilities ETM 555 50

Web Services Technologies • • XML-RPC SOAP WSDL UDDI ETM 555 51

WSDL ( Web Services Description Language ) • WSDL is a document written in XML which describes a web service. It specifies the location of the service and the operations (or methods) the service provides. ETM 555 52

XML-RPC • XML-RPC uses a simple XML application to express function calls (requests) and returned values (responses) between clients and servers. • The heart of an XML-RPC message is the way data is encoded into XML. ETM 555 53

SOAP ( Simple Object Access Protocol ) SOAP : • • • XML based protocol to let applications exchange information over HTTP Protocol for accessing a Web Service. A communication protocol For communication between applications Provides a format for sending messages Designed to communicate via Internet Platform independent Language independent Simple and extensible ETM 555 54

WSDL ( Web Services Description Language ) • WSDL is a document written in XML which describes a web service. It specifies the location of the service and the operations (or methods) the service provides. ETM 555 55

UDDI ( Universal Description, Discovery and Integration ) • UDDI is a directory service where businesses can register and search for web services. UDDI communicates via SOAP Web service interfaces in UDDI is described by WSDL ETM 555 56