Taxonomy of YOU Review Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata
- Slides: 47
Taxonomy of YOU Review. • Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata • Subphylum: Vertebrata – Your Class: Mammalia – Cousins Classes: » Agnatha » Chondrichthyes » Osteichthyes » Amphibia » Reptilia » Aves
Taxonomy of YOU. • Kingdom: Animalia – Phylum: Chordata. All Subphyla have a common ancestor. • Subphylum: Urochordata • Subphylum: Cephalochordata • Subphylum: Vertebrata
Phylum: Chordata • Notocord • Dorsal hollow nerve cord • Gills • Postanal tail
Subphylum Urochordata: a tunicate or “sea squirt”
nerve cord notochord gut oral opening atrial opening (water that passed through pharynx leaves this way) pharynx with gill slits
Subphylum Cephalochordata: the lancelet Branchiostoma
DORSAL, TUBULAR NERVE CORD PHARYNX WITH GILL SLITS NOTOCHORD tentacles around mouth segmented muscles midgut TAIL EXTENDING PAST ANUS aorta gonad hindgut pore of atrial cavity anus epidermis segmented muscles Fig. 27. 4, p. 457
Early fossil vertebrates: Haikouella (top), Myllokunmingia (bottom)
A snake skeleton exhibits defining characteristics of the phylum vertebrata
Agnathans • • • Traits Ectothermic No true teeth (Adonts) Oviparous External Fertilization Gills 2 chambered heart No scales Paired fins No jaw present Lateral Line System Cartilage skeleton Examples of organisms: lamprey and hagfish
A hagfish
Tentacles Gill slits (twelve pairs) Mucous glands Gill openings (seven pairs) Fig. 27. 7, p. 459
A sea lamprey
Chondrichthyes • • • Traits Ectothermic Homodont Viviparous, Ovoviviparous Internal Fertilization Gills 2 chambered heart Placoid scales Paired fins Jaw present Lateral Line System Cartilage skeleton Examples of organisms: SHARKS, RAYS, SKATES, CHIMAERAS
Cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes): Great white shark (top left), silky shark (top right), southern stingray (bottom left), blue spotted stingray (bottom right)
Fig. 27. 8, p. 460
Osteichthyes • • • Traits Ectothermic Homodont Oviparous External Fertilization Gills Swim Bladder 2 chambered heart No scales Paired fins Jaw present Bony skeleton Examples of organisms: Ray-finned fishes and Lobe-finned fishes
caudal fin dorsal fin muscle segments fin supports brain anal fin pelvic fin (one of two) olfactory heart bulb pectoral fin (one of two) urinary bladder anus kidney swim bladder liver gallbladder stomach intestine Fig. 27. 9, p. 461
Ray-finned fishes (class Actinopterygii): yellow perch
Ray-finned fishes (class Actinopterygii): long-snouted sea horse
Anatomy of a trout, a representative ray-finned fish
A coelocanth (Latimeria), the only extant lobe-finned genus
Amphibians • • • Traits Ectothermic Homodont Oviparous External Fertilization Lungs, Skin, and Gills 3 chambered heart No scales Tetrapedal Jaw present Bony skeleton Examples of organisms: TOADS/FROGS, SALAMANDERS/NEWTS, CAECILLIANS
Amphibian orders: Newt (left), frog (right)
Frogs
Fig. 27. 12, p. 463
“Dual life” of a frog (Rana temporaria)
Amniotes • Produce eggs with membranes
Reptilia • • • Traits Ectothermic Homodont Oviparous, rare instances of vivipary Internal Fertilization Lungs 4 chambered Heart/3 chambered heart scales Tetrapedal Jaw present Bony skeleton Examples of organisms: TURTLES/TORTOISES, SNAKES, LIZARDS/ LEGLESSLIZARDS /TUATARAS, CROCODILES/ALLIGATORS
A hatching monitor lizard
olfactory lobe (sense of smell) forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain regions spinal cord vertebral column gonad kidney snout unmatched rows of teeth on upper and lower jaws heart stomach esophagus liver intestine cloaca
Extant reptiles: Desert tortoise (top left), lizard (top right), king snake (bottom left), alligators (bottom right)
venom gland hollow fang Fig. 27. 15, p. 466
Sea turtle
hard shell ribs of endoskeleton
Banded gecko, Coleonyx varigatus
Emerald tree boa
Aves • • • Traits Homeothermic No true teeth Oviparous Internal Fertilization Lungs with air sacs 4 chambered Heart Modified scales: feathers bipedal Jaw present Bony skeleton: porous Examples of organisms: WATERFOWL, PEAFOWL, FLIGHTLESS, RAPTORS, ETC
Fig. 27. 16 b, p. 468
A small sample of birds: Blue-footed boobies (top left), male peacock (top right), penguins (bottom left), perching bird (bottom right)
Penguin march
Mammalia • • • Traits Homeothermic Heterodonts Oviparous or viviparous Internal Fertilization Lungs 4 chambered Heart Mammary glands (milk production) Modified scales: hair Tetrapedal with minor exceptions of bipedalism Jaw present Bony skeleton Examples of organisms
Name That Class 1. Oviparous 2. No jaw 3. Ectothermic. 4. External fertilization and lungs 5. Viviparous or oviparous 6. No scales and 2 chambered heart 7. 4 chambered heart and oviparous 8. Heterodont 9. Examples of Amphibian groups. 10. 2 examples of Chondrichthyans.
Name That Class 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Oviparous: All No jaw: Agnatha Ectothermic: All except Aves and Mammalia. External fertilization and lungs: Amphibia Viviparous or oviparous: Mammalia, Reptilia No scales and 2 chambered heart: Agnatha 4 chambered heart and oviparous: Aves, Reptilia, Mammalia 8. Heterodonts: Mammalia 9. Amphibians: Frogs, Toads, Salamanders, Newts or Caecillians 10. 2 examples of Chondrichthyes. Sharks, Rays, Skates
Phylogeny of the major groups of extant vertebrates
- What are chordates
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- Seal phylum
- Animal kingdom phylum chordata
- Diptera phylum
- Kingdom animalia phylum arthropoda
- 2 forms of cnidarians
- Kingdom animalia phylum cnidaria
- Reino animalia filo chordata
- Clasa mammalia
- Old kingdom middle kingdom new kingdom
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- Chordata taxonomy
- Chordata
- Animal con t
- Caracteristicas de phylum chordata
- What are the characteristics of the chordata phylum
- Characteristics of bony fish
- Phylum chordata class amphibia
- Mnemonic for kingdom phylum
- Phylum chordata class reptilia
- Characteristics of subphylum vertebrata
- Body covering of animals
- Chordata subphyla
- What class are sharks in
- Subphylum
- Vertebrates phylum chordata
- Phylum
- The new taxonomy (marzano and kendall 2007)
- Nine phyla of kingdom animalia
- Kingdom animalia cell structure
- The mcgraw-hill
- Cladogram of the 6 kingdoms
- Animalia cladogram
- Fish teeth pisces
- Kingdom monera protista fungi plantae animalia
- Animalia kingdom characteristics
- Kingdom animalia arthropoda
- Which are all members of the domain eukarya
- Protista plantae fungi and animalia
- Division of kingdom animalia
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- What does shark skin feel like
- Kingdom classification of fish