Taxonomy and Classification WarmUp Define the following terms

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Taxonomy and Classification Warm-Up: Define the following terms 1. Heterotroph: 2. Autotroph: 3. Unicellular:

Taxonomy and Classification Warm-Up: Define the following terms 1. Heterotroph: 2. Autotroph: 3. Unicellular: 4. Multicellular 5. Prokaryote: 6. Eukaryote:

Taxonomy �The branch of science that identifies and categorizes organisms based on similarities

Taxonomy �The branch of science that identifies and categorizes organisms based on similarities

Classification System �Domain (most inclusive/most general) �Kingdom �Phylum (plural: phyla) �Class �Order �Family �Genus

Classification System �Domain (most inclusive/most general) �Kingdom �Phylum (plural: phyla) �Class �Order �Family �Genus (plural: genera) �Species (most specific) �*the 3 domains are divided into 6 kingdoms, etc…

Binomial Nomenclature �System of naming organisms created by Carl Linnaeus �Scientific name consists of

Binomial Nomenclature �System of naming organisms created by Carl Linnaeus �Scientific name consists of two names : Genus and species �Uses the latin forms of the word to avoid differences in translation �Ex: Canis lupus or Canis lupus

Relatedness of organisms �Can be determined using the classification system �For example: Although he

Relatedness of organisms �Can be determined using the classification system �For example: Although he wolves and dogs are members of different species, we know Canis lupus and Canis familiaris are closely related because they are in the same genus. �The more categories 2 organisms have in common, the closer their relationship

1. Which animals are most closely related? 2. At which taxonomic level do the

1. Which animals are most closely related? 2. At which taxonomic level do the crested penguin and muskrat diverge? 3. At which taxonomic level dot the ferret and muskrat diverge?

Kingdoms of Life Characteristics CURRENTLY, THERE ARE 6 KINGDOMS: 1. ARCHAE 2. EUBACTERIA 3.

Kingdoms of Life Characteristics CURRENTLY, THERE ARE 6 KINGDOMS: 1. ARCHAE 2. EUBACTERIA 3. PROTISTA 4. FUNGI 5. PLANTAE 6. ANIMALIA

Vocab Review �Prokaryote: A cell without a nucleus and membrane bound organelles �Eukaryote: A

Vocab Review �Prokaryote: A cell without a nucleus and membrane bound organelles �Eukaryote: A cell with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles �Autotroph: A producer, an organism who makes their own food/energy via photosynthesis �Heterotroph: A consumer, an organism that must consume other organisms to acquire energy �Unicellular: composed of one cell (single cellular) �Multicellular: composed of multiple cells (2 or more)

ARCHAE Major Characteristics �Formerly called “Archaebacteria” �Prokaryote �Unicellular (one celled) �Have cell wall (peptidoglycan)

ARCHAE Major Characteristics �Formerly called “Archaebacteria” �Prokaryote �Unicellular (one celled) �Have cell wall (peptidoglycan) �Asexual reproduction � Autotroph or Heterotroph

BACTERIA Major Characteristics �Prokaryote �Unicellular (one celled) �Have cell wall (peptidoglycan) �Autotroph or heterotroph

BACTERIA Major Characteristics �Prokaryote �Unicellular (one celled) �Have cell wall (peptidoglycan) �Autotroph or heterotroph �Asexual reproduction �Helpful and harmful (most are beneficial like E. coli in our digestive system)

PROTISTA Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Most unicellular �Some colonial, some multicellular �May have a cell

PROTISTA Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Most unicellular �Some colonial, some multicellular �May have a cell wall (cellulose) �Autotroph or heterotroph �Asexual or sexual reproduction

FUNGI Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Most multicellular, some unicellular �Cell wall (chitin) �Heterotroph �Asexual or

FUNGI Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Most multicellular, some unicellular �Cell wall (chitin) �Heterotroph �Asexual or sexual reproduction

PLANTAE Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Multicellular �Cell wall (cellulose) �Autotroph �Asexual or sexual reproduction

PLANTAE Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Multicellular �Cell wall (cellulose) �Autotroph �Asexual or sexual reproduction

ANIMALIA Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Multicellular �No cell wall �Heterotroph �Sexual reproduction

ANIMALIA Major Characteristics �Eukaryote �Multicellular �No cell wall �Heterotroph �Sexual reproduction

Dichotomous Keys �Always start at #1 and work your way through the key until

Dichotomous Keys �Always start at #1 and work your way through the key until you find the scientific name of the organism �When creating a key, start with a question/characteristic that will split your group most effectively. For example, when looking at a group of plants an animals, you might start your key with: …. autotroph …heterotroph When looking at a group of mammals and insects, you might start with vertebrate/invertebrate