Taxonomies of Collaborative Applications Prasun Dewan Department of
Taxonomies of Collaborative Applications Prasun Dewan Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina CB 3175 Sitterson Hall Chapel Hill, NC 27599 -3175 dewan@cs. unc. edu http: /www. cs. unc. edu/~dewan Dewan 290 -F 99 1
Why Taxonomies • Economic expression. • Compare/contrast • Characterize collaboration systems – What points are covered in design space • New systems – What points not covered Dewan 290 -F 99 2
Views of Collaboration Systems • • • Ensure actual needs met. • Conceptual depth, avoid duplication. • Build on existing knowledge. – Applications and • See integrated sets of features Problems Issues Disciplines Systems : Infrastructures Dewan 290 -F 99 3
Other Application Taxonomies • • Ellis's Time Space Ellis's Common Task/Shared Environment VR Taxonomy Malone's Taxonomy Dewan 290 -F 99 4
Ellis’s Time Space Taxonomy Same Space Same Time Different Time Dewan Different Space Tivoli Grove Ventura MUD Bulletin Board Email Augmented Reality File System 290 -F 99 5
Same time collaboration • WYSIWIS as in Cognoter • Divergent views as in Grove but immediate transmission of shared state • Changes buffered as in Ensemble to support “think time” – Assume collaborator is waiting/polling for response and immediately starts processing it, and does not get bored and leaves Dewan– With multitasking this 290 -F 99 time can be greater 6
RTCAL Vs Electronic Class Room Topic, Participants Chair, Controller Proposal: 10 am No Vote: Public Appts Dewan 290 -F 99 7
Shared Environment Ellis’s Shared Environment / Common Task Dimension Electronic Classroom Time Sharing Environment Software Review System Mail Common Task Dewan 290 -F 99 8
IBIS vs. Talk vs. Shared File *I: Which processor should be used ? P: Processor A AS: Fast *P: Processor B AS: Cheap, already in use * + Dewan 290 -F 99 9
Smith’s Dimensions • Information Type – intangible private, ephemeral, tangible instrumental, tangible target • Collaboration Time – seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years • Space: – office, floor, site, 1 -hour travel, 1 -day travel • Agents – people, informal coalitions, team collections Dewan 290 -F 99 10
IBIS Vs Email *I: Which processor should be used ? P: Processor A AS: Fast *P: Processor B AS: Cheap, already in use Processor 2/24/99 Which one? (John Smith, responses) 2/25/99 Processor A (Mary Lowe, 1 response) 2/26/96 Processor B (Joe Doe) Meeting Time 2/24/96 10 am? (Mary Lowe, 1 response) Dewan 290 -F 99 11
Malone’s Coordination Taxonomy Facilitates 1 Dewan Coordination Goal Decomposition Task Assignment Recursive Allocation Synchronization Sequencing Coordinator Information Lens RTCAL 2 Group Decision Making Proposing Alternatives Evaluating Alternatives IBIS, PREP, Quilt 3 Communication Transporting Messages Routing email, Action. Workflow 4 Perception of Common Objects Grove, CES, RTCAL 290 -F 99 12
Hydra vs MAJIC MUDS Vs DIVE John has entered the room (hear footsteps) John says, “Hi everyone” Dewan User 3 290 -F 99 User 2 13
Benford’s VE Taxonomy Degree of Artificiality • Augmented Reality • Desktop CVEs • Projected CVEs • Immersive CVEs • Shared Application & Video Conf. • MAGIC • Physical Meeting • Video Conference • Hydra • Video Walls • Telepresence Degree of Transportation Dewan 290 -F 99 14
Concurrency Control • • RTCAL Grove CES Group. Draw Dewan • • 290 -F 99 Floor Control No Control Tickle Locks Optimistic Locks 15
Flexible Model of Collaboration User Application Session Management Window Version 1 Coupling Window Version 1 Merging Undo/Redo Awareness Dewan User 1 CC/AC 290 -F 99 User 2 16
Design Dimensions • • Dewan Session Management Coupling Concurrency Control Access Control Undo/Redo Merging Awareness 290 -F 99 17
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