TAV Chapter 8 Wilmot Proviso David Wilmot Land

TAV Chapter 8

Wilmot Proviso • David Wilmot • Land gained from Mexico would not be use to further slavery or indenture servitude • Never passed b/c of threats from John C. Calhoun

Popular Sovereignty • Lewis Cass – let the people decide on the issue of slavery

Free Soil Party • Against slavery in the West

49 ers • In 1848, gold was found at Sutter’s Mill in CA. • Led to a mass move to CA for gold • By the end of 1849, over 80, 000 men had gone west in search for gold

Missouri Compromise • MO would enter as a slave state • Maine would be carved out of Mass. And be a free state • 36 -30 would be the line on slavery

Compromise of 1850 End slave trade in DC Passed the Fugitive Slave Act Ended the MO Comp. Kansas & Nebraska would vote on the slave issue • CA enters as a free state • S. Douglas wanted this for a Northern railway to the West • •

Underground Railroad • Based off of RR terms • Series of trails and hiding places for runaway slaves • Night • Canada • Levi Coffin

Harriet Tubman • North star • 19 trips • $40, 000 reward – $1, 023, 000. 00

Transcontinental RR • • Northern and Southern route Northern from Chicago west Southern had to go through parts of Mexico Gadsden Purchase – 30, 000 sq miles – $10 million

Bleeding Kansas

SECTION 2

Birth of the Republicans • July 1854, in Michigan • Formed as a protest to the Kansas Nebraska Act. • Anti-slavery platform

Know Nothings • The American Party • Anti-Catholic • Nativist

Dred Scott Case • Argued that since they were taken to a free state, IL. , they were now free. • Supreme Crt. Ruled that slaves are property and not affected by free/slave status

Kansas Constitution • Both sides held their own referendum • Each side went with what they wanted • Buchanan sided with the Lecompton Const. and slavery. • Congress blocked the decision • 1858, Kansans voted to reject Lecompton – No slavery • Statehood in 1861

Lincoln Douglas Debates • 1858 Senate Race • A House Divided Speech • Winner/Loser

John Brown • Role in Kansas • Harper’s Ferry – Oct. 16, 1859 raid

SECTION 3

1860 Election • • • 4 way race Republican - Abraham Lincoln Constitutional Union – John Bell Northern Democrat – Stephen Douglas Southern Democrat – John Breckinridge

Lincoln Wins • Almost no support in the South • Even in IL south of Mt. Vernon Lincoln only received 5, 000 votes. • S. C. secedes after the electoral college declares him the winner in December.

Crittenden’s Compromise • Sen. John J. Crittenden of KY proposed extending the 36 -30 line to CA and leaving the N. free and S. slavery protected • Lincoln urged Rep. to stand against it & it failed.

Lower South • States in the Lower South met in Montgomery, AL. • States are independent • Guaranteed slavery • Banned import of slaves • Banned protective tariffs • President served a single 6 year term

Jefferson Davis • Confed. Pres. • Former Senator of MS • Fought in the Black Hawk War

Lincoln’s Inauguration • March 4, 1861 • Lets the S. know they have the ability to fix the crisis at hand.

Fort Sumter • The N. is getting ready to attempt to resupply the fort in Charleston Harbor. • To prevent the resupply the S. under Beauregard attacks the Fort. • 33 hours later Major Robt. Anderson surrenders to the S.

Volunteers • Lincoln calls for 75, 000 volunteers to serve for 90 days to help put down the “rebellion. ” • States in the Upper South secede from the Union also • 11 total

Border States • Delaware, Maryland, KY, MO, & W. VA. • Martial law declared in Baltimore to stop attacks on Fed. Troops. – If Maryland secedes then DC will be surrounded • KY & MO