Tape Drive Technology Overview AIT SDLT LTO Tape

Tape Drive Technology Overview AIT SDLT LTO

Tape Drive Recording Technologies AIT SAIT Recording style Helical Scan Cartridge style Tape width Super. DLT LTO Linear serpentine Dual Hub Single Hub 8 mm . 500 inch 230 M 600 M 1, 800 feet (690 feet) (1, 800 feet) Timing based Optical Magnetic servo tracks (. 320 inch) Tape length Servo System

Cartridge Styles AIT DLT/S-DLT/LTO/SAIT/3480 Although the media may look the same Shell 4. 08”x 4. 2”x. 860” physically, because of differences in magnetic formulation between the Shell 3. 8”x 2. 5”x. 600” different formats the media will not work Single Although LTO and DLT media look Dual Hubs interchangeably between different major Hub they are actually slightly different similar product families sizes and have different mechanical features just as other media types 3480 and SAIT Tape Pack 8 mm x 230 m Tape Pack ½ inch x 600 m

Linear Recording BOT Recording Head EOT Tape Motion Tape Supply Reel Tape moves between 120 -200 Inches per second past the head Tape Take up Reel

Linear Recording BOT Recording Head EOT Head steps down to write new track Tape Motion Tape Take up Reel Tape Supply Reel

Linear Recording BOT Recording Head steps down EOT to write new track Tape Motion Tape Supply Reel Tape Take up Reel

Linear Recording BOT Recording Head EOT Head steps up to Tape Motion write new track Tape Take up Reel Tape Supply Reel

Helical Recording Head BOT Rotating head is skewed at angle and rotates at 4000 -6000 RPM EOT Tape Motion Tape Supply Reel Tape moves between 2 -6 Inches per second past the head Tape Take up Reel

Helical Recording Head BOT Tape Motion Tape Supply Reel Tape moves between 2 -6 Inches per second past the head Rotating head is skewed at angle and rotates at 4000 -6000 RPM These helical tracks are called stripes EOT Tape Take up Reel

Tape Mechanism Helical Scan Rotating Head Take Up Reel 3 D Top View Cartridge Top View

Tape Mechanism Linear Scan Fixed Head Take Up Reel Cartridge 3 D Top View 2 D Top View

Current Tape Technology Flagship Products AIT - 3 SAIT - 1 SDLT 320 LTO 2 Native Capacity 100 GB 500 GB 160 GB 200 GB Compressed Capacity 260 GB 1. 3 TB 320 GB 400 GB Native Transfer Rate 12 MB/s 30 MB/s 16 MB/s 35 MB/s Compressed Transfer Rate 31 MB/s 78 MB/s 32 MB/s 70 MB/s Load Time 10 s 23 s 12 s 15 s Average Seek Time 27 s 70 s 46 s Max. Rewind Time <105 s 40 s 140 s 80 s <24 s <23 s 12 s 15 S No No No Yes 18 MB 72 MB 64 MB Unload Time Data Rate Matching Buffer Size

Current Tape Technology Flagship Products AIT - 3 SAIT - 1 SDLT 320 LTO 2 Less than 10 -17 bits Yes Q 4 2003 No No 400, 000 @ 100% Duty Cycle 500, 000 @ 100% Duty Cycle 250, 000 @ 100% Duty Cycle 50, 000 tape contact hours 30, 000 hours TBS $5, 600 $15, 900 $6, 800 $8, 500 $125 $250 $160 $6, 850 $16, 400 $7, 760 $9, 300 $18, 100 $20, 900 $16, 800 $16, 500 *Library tape drive + enough media to provide 1 TB of native storage capacity **Library Cost tape drive enough to provide 10 TB of native storage capacity for +50 TB of. Media$68, 100 $40, 900 $56, 800 ***Library tape drive + enough Media to provide 50 TB of native storage capacity $48, 500 Error Rate WORM Functionality Mechanism MTBF Head MTBF Library Drive MSRP Media MSRP Cost for 1 st 1 TB of Storage* Cost for 10 TB of Storage***

Tape Technology Road Maps AIT Roadmap SDLT Roadmap LTO Roadmap Year AIT-4 200 GB 24 MB/s SAIT-1 500 GB 30 MB/s SDLT 600 300 GB 32 MB/s AIT-5 400 GB 48 MB/s SAIT-2 1 TB 60 MB/s SDLT 1200 600 GB 80 MB/s LTO 3 400 GB 80 MB/s AIT-6 800 GB 96 MB/s SAIT-3 2 TB 120 MB/s SAIT-4 4 TB 240 MB/s SDLT 2400 1. 2 TB 80 MB/s LTO 4 800 GB 160 MB/s 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 All specifications native capacity and performance

Library Capacity/Performance Envelope TLS 4000 1. 4 TB-60 TB 79 GB/hr-475 GB/hr 2. 8 TB-120 TB 158 GB/hr 950 GB/hr 5. 6 TB-240 TB 316 GB/hr-1. 9 TB/hr 11. 2 TB-480 TB 632 GB/hr-3. 8 TB/hr 2009 16. 5 TB-132 TB 432 GB/hr-864 GB/hr TLS 5000 TLS 6000 TLS 8000 Year 1. 6 TB-34 TB 115 GB/hr-460 GB/hr 2. 2 TB-53 TB 108 GB/hr-864 GB/hr 3 TB-72 TB 230 GB/hr-920 GB/hr 33 TB-264 TB 864 GB/hr-1. 7 TB/hr 6 TB-144 TB 460 GB/hr-1. 84 TB/hr 4. 4 TB-106 TB 216 GB/hr-1. 7 TB/hr 66 TB-528 TB 1. 7 TB/hr-3. 4 TB/hr 132 TB-1. 05 PB 3. 4 TB/hr-6. 8 TB/hr 12 TB-288 TB 920 GB/hr-3. 68 TB/hr 8. 8 TB-212 TB 432 GB/hr-3. 4 TB/hr 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

AIT Technology Highlights AME Tape 3. 5” FF §Small form factor of drives and media leads to a higher storage density per given library §Helical scan recording provides high density and ability to accommodate varying transfer rates MIC §Technology eliminates traditional binders providing superior durability §High magnetic output enables high density products WORM Media §Shortens load time §Search Map for High-Speed Search reduces overall Access Time §Stores System Log (Redundant) §WORM functionality keying §Low cost WORM functionality out paces MO §Meets SEC 17 CFR ' 241. 17 a-4 requirements § 30 Year Archival storage life

SAIT Technology Highlights SAIT Controlled Airflow Sealed Deck Front Rear PWB § 500 TB per cartridge capacity native §Helical scan recording provides high density and ability to accommodate varying transfer rates §ALDC compression typically provides 2. 6: 1 data compression RMIC §Shortens load time §Search Map for high-speed search reduces overall access time §Stores System Log (Redundant) §WORM functionality keying Air Flow §Improves reliability §Contamination protection for mechanics §Effective cooling of electronics Dual Mode Tape Path §Tape is un-wrapped from drum for: –Fast Forward/rewind –High speed search w/RMIC §Maximum rewind speed of 551 IPS provides a maximum rewind time of 40 seconds

SDLT Technology Highlights AMP MEDIA SDLT Modular Architecture §Five major modules simplify service and improve reliability §Power loading designed for automation use High coercivity magnetic layer Back coat layer with servo guides Under layer Enhanced base film layer §High performance magnetic coating provides long term storage performance POSITIVE BUCKLE Advanced MR Cluster Head Pivoting Optical Servo §Positive engagement and Magnetic Data Tracks Laser/Optics Optical Guidance Tracks ‘lock” prevents dropped leaders §Optical servo track on backside of tape §Backward compatible with §Optical servo track is indelible-tape can be previous tape IV style media preserves 100% of recording surface for data bulk erased and reused

LTO Technology Highlights LTO-2 Drive Surface Control Guiding §Adaptive threading and soft load interlock eliminate problems associated with cartridge miss-loading §High durability mechanism designed for automation service duty §Adaptive data rate matching provides full speed to §Surface Control Guiding eliminates traditional edge guiding techniques providing greater media durability §Reduces debris generation and insensitive to tape edge quality or pack dynamics half speed data rate matching in 1/8 step increments LTO-CM Dual Actuator Head §LTO-CM manufacturing information –Cartridge initialization information §Provides high resolution servo tracking improving data reliability §Superior shock and vibration performance compared to other drive technologies • Tape directory, Cartridge information • Pass history, Error history, Usage, Tape Alert flags §Search Map for High-Speed Search reduces overall Access Time §Stores System Log (Redundant) §WORM functionality keying