Takeoff procedure Not judged Not scored wind 1200

起飞程序 Take-off procedure (不评分Not judged, 不计分数Not scored ) wind 1200 安全线 safety line

A-18. 01 三角筋斗加 1/2滚，1/2滚 Triangle loop with ½ roll, ½ roll ½滚 ½滚 正飞进入, 在中间做 1/2滚, 推 3/8筋斗进 入 45度向上爬升, 推 1/4筋斗进入 45度下降 , 推 3/8筋斗, 在中间做 1/2滚, 正飞结束。 From upright, perform a ½ roll in the centre, push through a 3/8 loop into a 45° upline, push through ¼ loop into a 45° downline, push through a 3/8 loop, perform a ½ roll in the centre, exit upright. A-18. 01

A-18. 01 三角筋斗加 1/2滚，1/2滚 Triangle loop with ½ roll, ½ roll 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal 半滚位于直线段的中间 ½ rolls on center line. 进入和改出必须在相同高度 Entry and exit must be at the same altitude 45° A-18. 01. 02

A-18. 02 水滴加双向 1/2滚，1/2滚 Figure Et with consecutive two ½ rolls in opposite directions, ½ roll 半滚 双向半滚 正飞进入, 拉1/8筋斗进入 45度爬升，做双向 1/2滚，拉5/8 筋斗进入垂直下降，做 1/2滚，拉1/4筋斗，正飞结束。 From upright, pull through a 1/8 loop into a 45° upline, perform consecutively two ½ rolls in opposite directions, pull through a 5/8 loop into a vertical downline, perform ½ roll, pull through a ¼ loop, exit upright. A-18. 02. 01

A-18. 02 水滴加双向 1/2滚，1/2滚 Figure Et with consecutive two ½ rolls in opposite directions, ½ roll 双向½滚和½滚位于直线段的中 间 ½ rolls centered on middle of the lines. 双向½滚之间不能 有直线段（停顿） Between part rolls in opposite direction there must be no line. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal 45° A-18. 02

A-18. 03 古巴 8字加一周滚，一周滚 Cuban 8 with roll, roll 一周滚 roll 正飞进入，拉5/8筋斗进入 45度下降，做一周滚，推 3/4 筋斗进入 45度下降，做一周滚，拉1/8筋斗，正飞结束。 From upright, pull through a 5/8 loop into a 45° downline, perform a roll, push through a ¾ loop into a 45° downline, perform a roll, pull through a 1/8 loop, exit upright. A-18. 03. 01

A-18. 03 古巴 8字加一周滚，一周滚 Cuban 8 with roll, roll 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal 一周滚位于直线段的中间 Rolls on middle of the lines. 45° 进入和改出必须在相同高度 Entry and exit must be at the same altitude A-18. 03. 02

A-18. 04 半方筋斗加 1/2滚 Half square loop with ½ roll 半滚 正飞姿态进入，拉起 1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升， 做 1/2滚，推起 1/4筋斗，正飞姿态结束。 From upright, pull through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, perform a ½ roll, push through a ¼ loop, exit upright. A-18. 04. 01

A-18. 04 半方筋斗加 1/2滚 Half square loop with ½ roll 半滚位于直线段的中间 ½ Roll on middle of the line. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 04. 02

A-18. 05 倒眼镜蛇横滚加两个连续的1/4横滚 Reverse Cobra Roll with consecutive two ¼ rolls 1/ 1/ 4 4 roll 正飞进入，推 1/8筋斗进入 45度下降，拉1/4筋斗进入 45度 爬升，做两个连续的1/4滚，拉1/8筋斗，倒飞结束。 From upright, push through a 1/8 loop into a 45° downline, pull through a ¼ loop into a 45° upline, perform consecutively two ¼ rolls, pull through a 1/8 loop, exit inverted. A-18. 05. 01

A-18. 05 倒眼镜蛇横滚加两个连续的1/4横滚 Reverse Cobra Roll with consecutive two ¼ rolls 1/ 1/ 45° 4 ¼滚位于直线段的中间 ¼ Roll on middle of the line. 4 位滚之间的线段（停顿） 必须短暂并且清晰 Lines between part rolls must be short and of recognizable length. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 05. 02

A-18. 06 倒飞失速螺旋两周 Inverted Spin with two turns 倒飞进入，完成倒飞螺旋两周，接垂直下降，拉1/4筋斗， 正飞结束。 From inverted, perform an inverted spin with two turns, perform a vertical dowline, pull through a ¼ loop, exit upright. A-18. 06. 01

A-18. 06 倒飞失速螺旋两周 Inverted Spin with two turns 快滚进入 零分！ 螺旋俯冲 零分！ 强行进入 扣分。 Snap entry - Zero points! Spiral dive - Zero points! Forced entry - Downgrade. A-18. 06. 02

A-18. 07 9字加 1/2滚 Figure 9 with ½ roll 中心 Center 半滚 ½ roll 正飞进入，拉起一个 1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升， 做 1/2滚，推 3/4筋斗，倒飞结束。 From upright, pull through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, perform a ½ roll, push through a ¾ loop, exit inverted. A-18. 07. 01

A-18. 07 9字加 1/2滚 Figure 9 with ½ roll 中心 Center ½横滚位于直线段的中间 ½ rolls centered on middle of the line. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 07. 02

A-18. 08 推-拉-推驼峰, 带两个连续的1/4滚 Push-Pull-Push Humpy-Bump with consecutive two ¼ rolls ¼滚 ¼滚 倒飞进入，推 1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升，拉1/2筋斗进入垂直 下降，做两个连续的1/4滚，推 1/4筋斗，倒飞结束。 From inverted, push through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, pull through a ½ loop into a vertical downline, perform consecutively two ¼ rolls, push through a ¼ loop, exit inverted. A-18. 01

A-18. 08 推-拉-推驼峰, 带两个连续的1/4滚 Push-Pull-Push Humpy-Bump with consecutive two ¼ rolls ¼ ¼ ¼滚位于直线段的中间 ¼ rolls centered on middle of the line. 位滚之间的线段（停顿）必须短暂 并且清晰 Lines between part rolls must be short and of recognizable length. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 02

A-18. 08 推-拉-推驼峰, 可选做：加 1/4滚，1/4滚 Push-Pull-Push Humpy-Bump with ¼ roll, ¼ roll 可选做 Option ¼ roll 可选做：倒飞进入，推 1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升，做一个 1/4滚，拉 1/2筋斗进入垂直下降，做一个 1/4滚，推 1/4筋斗，倒飞结束。 Option: From inverted, push through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, perform a ¼ roll, pull through a ½ loop into a vertical downline, perform a ¼ roll, push through a ¼ loop, exit inverted. A-18. 03

A-18. 08 推-拉-推驼峰, 可选做：加 1/4滚，1/4滚 Push-Pull-Push Humpy-Bump with ¼ roll, ¼ roll 可选做 Option ¼ ¼ 1/4滚位于直线段的中间 1/4 rolls centered on middle of the lines. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 04

A-18. 09 失速倒转加 3/4滚，1/4滚 Stall Turn with ¾ roll, ¼ roll ¾ roll ¼ roll 倒飞进入，推 1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升，做一个 3/4滚，失速 倒转进入垂直下降，做一个 1/4滚，推 1/4筋斗，倒飞结束。 From Inverted, push through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, perform a ¾ roll, perform a stall turn into a vertical downline, perform a ¼ roll, push through a ¼ loop, exit inverted. A-18. 09. 01

A-18. 09 失速倒转加 3/4滚，1/4滚 Stall Turn with ¾ roll, ¼ roll 倒转前停止上升 倒转半径等于或超过2倍机翼 翼展 -- 零分！！ Stop before pivot Two wing spans or more – zero points! 围绕飞机重心倒转 Pivot on CG ¾ ¼ 所有滚位于直线段的中间 All rolls centered on middle of the lines. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 09. 02

A-18. 10 半倒古巴 8字 Half Reverse Cuban 8 倒飞进入，推 1/8筋斗进入 45度爬升，拉5/8筋斗，正飞结束。 From inverted, push through a 1/8 loop into a 45° upline, pull through a 5/8 loop, exit upright. A-18. 10. 01

A-18. 10 半倒古巴 8字 Half Reverse Cuban 8 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 10. 02

A. 18. 11 侧飞加 1/4滚，1/4滚 Knife-Edge flight with ¼ roll, ¼ roll ¼滚 ¼滚 正飞进入，做 1/4滚，侧飞，做 1/4滚，正飞结束。 From upright, perform a ¼ roll, perform a knife-edge flight, perform a ¼ roll exit upright. A-18. 11. 01

A. 18. 11 侧飞加 1/4滚，1/4滚 Knife-Edge flight with ¼ roll, ¼ roll 侧飞时机翼必须保持垂直 During the knife-edge the wing must be in the vertical plane. ¼ ¼ A-18. 11. 02

A-18. 12 殷麦曼加 1/2滚 Immelman Turn with ½ roll 半滚 正飞进入，拉起 1/2筋斗，紧接着做 1/2滚，正飞结束。 From upright, pull through a ½ loop, perform a ½ roll, exit upright. A-18. 12. 01

A-18. 12 殷麦曼加 1/2滚 Immelman Turn with ½ roll 半滚必须紧接在 1/2筋斗之后 The ½ roll must follow immediately after the ½ loop. A-18. 12. 02

A-18. 13 筋斗加一个 1/2同步滚 Loop with ½ roll integrated ½同步滚 ½ roll integrated 正飞进入，推一个筋斗，在筋斗最后的90度圆弧上 同步做一个半滚，倒飞改出 From upright, push through a loop while integrating a ½ roll in the last 90°, exit inverted. A-18. 13. 01

A-18. 13 半滚筋斗 Loop with ½ roll integrated ½滚必须和筋斗的轨迹同步 The ½ rolls must be integrated on circular flightpath of the loop. 筋斗必须是正圆 Loops must be round A-18. 13. 02

A-18. 14 半斜方筋斗 Half Square Loop on Corner 倒飞进入，拉1/8筋斗进入 45度下降，拉1/4筋斗 进入 45度下降，拉1/8筋斗，正飞结束。 From inverted, pull through a 1/8 loop into a 45° downline, pull through a ¼ loop into a 45° downline, pull through a 1/8 loop, exit upright. A-18. 14. 01

A-18. 14 半斜方筋斗 Half Square Loop on Corner 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 14. 02

A-18. 15 双钥（1/2四叶玫瑰） Double Key 正飞进入，拉1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升，拉5/8筋斗进 入 45度下降，拉1/4筋斗进入 45度爬升，拉5/8筋斗 进入垂直下降，拉1/4筋斗，正飞结束。 From upright, pull through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, pull through a 5/8 loop into a 45° downline, pullthrough a 1/4 loop into a 45° upline, pull through a 5/8 loop into a vertical downline, pull through a ¼ loop, exit upright. A-18. 15. 01

A-18. 15 双钥（1/2四叶玫瑰） Double Key 垂直上升和下降的轨迹应一致 Vertical up and downline must be congruent. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 15. 02

A-18. 15 双钥（1/2四叶玫瑰） Double Key 根据规则中的动作描述，此动作的中 间部分，可以位于偏高的位置 According to the maneuver description the maneuver may be flown with higher middle. 正飞进入，拉1/4筋斗进入垂直爬升，拉5/8筋斗进 入 45度下降，拉1/4筋斗进入 45度爬升，拉5/8筋斗 进入垂直下降，拉1/4筋斗，正飞结束。 From upright, pull through a ¼ loop into a vertical upline, pull through a 5/8 loop into a 45° downline, pullthrough a 1/4 loop into a 45° upline, pull through a 5/8 loop into a vertical downline, pull through a ¼ loop, exit upright. A-18. 15. 03

A-18. 15 双钥（1/2四叶玫瑰） Double Key 垂直上升和下降的轨迹应一致 Vertical up and downline must be congruent. 根据规则中的动作描述，此动 作的中间部分，可以位于偏高 的位置 According to the manoeuvre describtion the manoeuvre may be flown with higher middle. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal A-18. 15. 04

A-18. 16 半古巴 8字加 1/2滚 Half Cuban 8 with ½ roll 正飞进入，拉5/8筋斗进入 45度下降，做 1/2滚， 拉1/8筋斗，正飞结束。 From upright pull through a 5/8 loop into a 45° downline, perform a ½ roll, pull through a 1/8 loop, exit upright. A-18. 16. 01

A-18. 16 半古巴 8字加 1/2滚 Half Cuban 8 with ½ roll 1/2滚位于直线段的中间 ½ rolls centered on middle of the line. 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal 45° A-18. 16. 02

A-18. 17 方筋斗加 1/2滚，1/2滚 Square Loop with, ½ roll 半滚(2) 半滚(1) 正飞进入，做一个方筋斗并在爬升和下降边各做 1/2滚， 正飞结束。 From upright perform a square loop while per-forming a ½ roll in the up leg and a ½ roll in the down leg, exit upright. A-18. 17. 01

A-18. 17 方筋斗加 1/2滚，1/2滚 Square Loop with, ½ roll 所有R角半径相等 All radii are equal 半滚位于直线段的中间 ½ roll centered on middle of the line. 进入和改出必须在相同高度 Entry and exit must be at the same altitude A-18. 17. 02

着陆程序 Landing procedure ( 不评分not judged, 不计分数not scored ) 着陆方向可以与起飞方向不同 The direction of the landing may be different to the take off. 风向 Wind 1200 安全线 Safety line

忘记是什么人在飞行Forget WHO is flying (朋友friend, 对手rival, 同胞countryman, 国外选手flier from other nation) 忘记是什么机型在飞Forget WHAT is flying (二冲程 2 -stroke, 四冲程 4 -stroke, 电动 electric) 只关注于飞机在空中所描绘的轨迹 LOOK ONLY AT LINES DESCRIBED IN THE SKY! (以及动作的准确，柔和，位置，大小) (and the precision, smoothness, positioning, and size) 谢谢 Thank you! 原文作者FAI-F 3 A委员会主席 © Peter Uhlig, November 2016