Tackling English Pronunciation PRESENTED BY AMY E LINGENFELTER

Tackling English Pronunciation PRESENTED BY: AMY E. LINGENFELTER

Tackling English Pronunciation

Overview of Course: Ø Ø Ø Day/Step 1: Overview, warm up, voiced vs. voiceless consonants, phonetic symbols Day/Step 2: Consonants Day/Step 3: Consonant Clusters Day/Step 4: Vowels Day/Step 5: Vowel Clusters Day/Step 6: Stress and Rhythm Day/Step 7: Sounds in Connected Speech Day/Step 8: Intonation Day/Step 9: Sounds and Grammar Day/Step 10: Pronouncing Written Words Day/Step 11: Informal Speech and Idioms Day/Step 12: Wrap up/Practice Test/Review

Today’s Class: Ø Tongue twisters to warm up tongue: • http: //www. engvid. com/english-resource/50 -tongue-twistersimprove-pronunciation/ Ø Review HW and chart: physiology of short vowel pronunciation Ø Complete vowel differentiation exercises according to your needs: Speaking and Listening Ø “Pronunciation Plus” exercises: • Unit 1: Pgs. 3 -4, #1, 2, 6, 10, 13 Unit 4: Pg. 10 #1 -2 • Unit 2: Pgs. 6 -7 #1, 2, 4 Unit 5: Pgs. 12 #1 -2 • Unit 3: Pgs. 8 -9 #1, 2, 3 Unit 6: Pgs. 14 #1

Let’s Warm Up Our Tongues: 1. “Lesser leather never weathered wetter weather better. ” 2. “A skunk sat on a stump and thunk the stump stunk, but the stump thunk the skunk stunk. ” 3. “I slit the sheet, the sheet I slit, and on the slitted sheet I sit. ” 4. “Fred fed Ted bread, and Ted fed Fred bread. ” 5. “Betty Botter bought some butter But she said the butter’s bitter If I put it in my batter, it will make my batter bitter But a bit of better butter will make my batter better So ‘twas better Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter”

Review Homework: Ø Watch the section of each video for each short vowel where Rachel talks about the physiology (tongue and mouth formation) of each. Please record for each vowel: 1. The position of the tongue (height, backness/forwardness) 2. The position of the mouth and lips (open, closed, spread apart, roundedness) 3. Relaxedness of the tongue (and location)

Watch these videos: Ø Video: Pronouncing /æ/: (“bat”) • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=7 uc-4 b. Ps. ST 0 Ø Video: Pronouncing /ɛ/: (“bet”) • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ceyp. Hj. If 9 NY Ø Video: Pronouncing /ɪ/: (“bit”) • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=-BAYrt 2 o. ER 8 Ø Video: Pronouncing /ɒ/: (“bot”) • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=TWO 6 g 9 xØ Tg. I&list=PLB 043 E 64 B 8 BE 05 FB 7 Video: Pronouncing /ʌ/: (“but”) • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=s. Jupi. Mmsbx 0

Vowel Tongue Mouth, Jaw, & Lips Relaxedness of Tongue (Height and Backness/Forwardness) (Open, closed, spread apart, roundedness) (and where)? Vowel Physiology: /æ/: “bat” • • • High Raised in back Front of the tongue touches bottom front teeth • • • Medium jaw drop A lot of tongue visible Corners of the mouth pulled back a little, exposing some of the top teeth • • Flattened wide tongue in back Tense (in back) /ɛ/: “bet” • • • Middle height Raised in mid front part Front of the tongue touches bottom front teeth lightly • • Medium jaw drop Rest of mouth has neutral position • • Flattened wide tongue in back Tense (in mid-front) /ɪ/: “bit” • • • High (roof of mouth) Raised in mid front part Very tip remains down, lightly touching behind bottom front teeth • • No jaw drop Corners of mouth pulled back slightly • • Wide tongue in front Sort of tense (front) /ɒ/: “bot” • • • Low Full tongue presses down Front of the tongue touches bottom front teeth lightly • • Mucho jaw drop Rest of mouth has neutral position • • Flattened wide tongue in back Sort of relaxed /ʌ/: “but” • • • Middle height Slightly forward Front of the tongue touches bottom front teeth lightly • • • Medium jaw drop Rest of the mouth very neutral Inside parts of the mouth drawn in • Slightly tense and pressed down (back) Very relaxed •

Some General Truths Specific to Native Spanish Speakers: Ø Native Spanish speakers seem to have the most difficulty differentiating the following phonemes: • /i: / as in “leak” vs. /ɪ/ as in “lick” • /ɒ/ as in “cop” vs. /ʌ/ as in “cup” • /æ/ as in “sat” vs. /e/ &/ɛ/ as in “set” • /ɪ/ as in “fill” vs. /ʊ/ as in “full” • /ʊ/ as in “should” vs. /u: / as in “shoot” • /ʊ/ as in “full” vs. /ʌ/ as in “fun”

Some General Truths Specific to Native Spanish Speakers: Ø Native Spanish speakers and others also have difficulty with: • /ɔ: / as in “talk” vs. /ʌ/ as in “tuck” • /ɔ: / as in “talk” vs. /ɒ/ as in “tock” • /ə/ as in “America” vs. /ʌ/ as in “Mutton”

Differentiation Practice: /ɒ/ vs. /ʌ/ Ø /ɒ/ as in “cop” vs. /ʌ/ as in “cup” • A) Cop B) Cup • A) Lock B) Luck • A) Snob B) Snub • A) Ron B) Run • A) Tock B) Tuck • A) Doll B) Dull Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Watch these videos: Ø Videos: /i: / as in /sheep/ vs. /ɪ/ as in /ship/: • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=paqs. Pxjr 104 • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=5 j. X-ORMBCFo Ø Videos: /i: / as in /sheep/ vs. /aɪ/ as in /shy/: • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=x 9 i. TYyh. L 9 Vg

Differentiation Practice: /i: / vs. /ɪ/ Ø /i: / as in “leak” vs. /ɪ/ as in “lick: ” • A) Leak B) Lick • A) Sheep B) Ship • A) Beat B) Bit • A) Keen B) Kin • A) Steal B) Still • A) Jean B) Gin • A) Leave B) Live Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /æ/ vs. /e/ &/ɛ/ Ø /æ/ as in “sat” vs. /e/ &/ɛ/ as in “set” • A) Sat B) Set C) Sit • A) Can B) Ken C) Kin • A) Sand B) Send • A) Ram B) R. E. M. • A) Pack B) Peck C) Pick • A) Gas B) Guess Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /ʊ/ vs. /ʌ/ Ø /ʊ/ as in “full” vs. /ʌ/ as in “fun” • A) Look B) Luck • A) Full B) Fun • A) Put B) Putt • A) Shook B) Shuck • A) Book B) Buck Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /ʊ/ vs. /u: / Ø /ʊ/ as in “should” vs. /u: / as in “shoot” • A) Put B) Poot • A) Should B) Shoot • A) Could B) Cooed • A) Full B) Fool • A) Soot B) Suit • A) Roof (Dog) B) Roof *(Day 2) Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /ɪ/ vs. /ʊ/ Ø /ɪ/ as in “fill” vs. /ʊ/ as in “full” • A) Fit B) Foot • A) Fill B) Full • A) Kid B) Could • A) Ship B) Should • A) Git B) Good • A) Pit B) Put Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /ɔ: / & /ɔ/ vs. /ʌ/ Ø /ɔ: / & /ɔ/ as in “talk” vs. /ʌ/ as in “tuck” • A) Talk B) Tuck • A) Stalk B) Stuck • A) Shawn B) Shun • A) Caught B) Cut • A) Fought B) Fut Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /ɔ: / & /ɔ/ vs. /ɒ/ Ø /ɔ: / & /ɔ/ as in “talk” vs. /ɒ/ as in “tock” • A) Talk B) Tock • A) Stalk B) Stock • A) Caught B) Cot • A) Bought B) Bot • A) Raw Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Differentiation Practice: /ə/ vs. /ʌ/ Ø /ə/ as in “America” vs. /ʌ/ as in “Mutton” • A) America B) Money • A) Purpose B) Enough • A) Maria B) Rut • A) Shouldn’t B) Nut • A) Maiden B) Dungeon • A) Syllabus B) Bus Ø Now let’s practice with a partner!

Please Write the Following Words Using Phonetic Symbols: Ø Onomatopoeia/ɒnəmɒdəpi: ə/ Ø Oasis- /əʊeɪsɪs/ Ø Mutton- /mʌʔən/ or /mʌtən/ Ø Analogy- /ənælədʒɪ/ Ø Purpose- /pɜ: pəs/ Ø Shouldn’t- /ʃʊdənt/ Ø Armaggedon- /ɑ: məɡɛdən/ Ø Furor- /fjɜ: rɔ: / or /fjɜ: rɜ: / Ø Pouring- /pɔ: rɪŋ/ or /pɔ: ri: ŋ/ Ø Maiden- /meɪdən/ Ø Alcoholic- /ælkəhɒlɪk/ Ø Matter- /mædɜ: / or /mætər/ Ø Rastafarian- /rɒstəfɑ: ri: ən/ Ø Rhinoceros- /raɪnɒsərəs/ or /raɪnɒsɜ: rəs/ Ø Mousehole- /maʊshəʊl/

Some General Truths: Ø Short vowels are called short vowels because they involve more constriction of airflow in the mouth and/or vocal tract • (/æ/…/e/ &/ɛ/…/ɪ/…/ɒ/. . . /ʌ/) Ø Long vowels are drawn-out and have less constriction in the mouth and/or vocal tract Ø The long vowels in English are similar to the Spanish vowels in articulation, except in Spanish the airflow is more constricted.

Some General Truths: Ø Any vowel that you think is the same in Spanish, like all the long vowels, in English are pronounced with less constriction, with a change or rounding/closing of the vowel at the end of the utterance (sound): • LONG A- /eɪ/ (bate)- like “eeeee-i” • LONG E- /i: / (beat)- like “iiiii-y” • LONG I- /aɪ/(bite)- like “aaii” • LONG 0 - /əʊ/ (boat)- like “ooo-u” • LONG U- /u: / (boot)- like “uuuu-w”

Some General Truths: Ø American English vowels tend to be very “lazy, ” with a more relaxed tongue, and “softer” than Spanish: • All short vowels: /æ/; /e/ &/ɛ/; /ɪ/; /ɒ/; and /ʌ/ • /ʊ/ (good) • /ə/ (America) Ø Many American English vowels tend to be produced more in the back of the tongue or throat

Watch these videos: Ø Video: Articulatory Phonetics: Vowels: • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=u 7 j. Q 8 FELb. Io

Watch these videos: Ø Video: Overview of short vowel sounds: • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=a. Rz. F 2 Ygx. C 9 I

Vowel Sounds Phonics:

Voiced vs. Voiceless Consonants:

Phonetic Symbols: ɛ/ America er/ ir/ ur ɔ/ raw ʔ batman ɾ butter /y