Table of Contents LESSON 1 THE COMING OF

Table of Contents • LESSON 1: THE COMING OF THE SPANIARDS IN THE PHILIPPINES • LESSON 2: THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY IN THE PHILIPPINES • LESSON 3: SPAIN'S LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMS IN THE PHILIPPINES • LESSON 4: EDUCATION DURING THE SPANISH REGIME AND ITS COLONIAL EFFECTS TO THE FILIPINOS • LESSON 5: SPANISH INFLUENCES TO PHILIPPINES CULTURE • LESSON 6: THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT • LESSON 7: THE AWAKENING

Table of Contents • LESSON 8: MOVEMENT OF THE FILIPINO HEROES • LESSON 9: KATIPUNAN AND THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION • LESSON 10: THE FILIPINO HEROES

LESSON 1: THE COMING OF THE SPANIARDS IN THE PHILIPPINES SOCIAL STUDIES

Renaissance Age or Rebirth Period • 15 th and 16 th century • is also called the period of discovery • In Europe, the basis for the power of a country was on the number of its colonies. • Colony is a country that is under the governance of a foreign country. • There is a competition of colonies between 2 catholic countries - Spain and Portugal. • How did the conflict between Spain and Portugal Started? • Portugal colonize certain countries in the East while Spain discovered New World or America. This expansion of territory became the cause of the conflict between Portugal and Spain.

Papal Bull (Papal bulletin) • May 3, 1943 • Pope Alexander VI tried to solve the conflict between Portugal and Spain. • Spain is allowed to colonize West and Portugal is allowed to colonize East • September 25, 1943 • Pope Alexander VI cancelled this decree and allowed Spain to colonize East. • Portugal resisted • Spain insisted they owned the Moluccas. But decided to sell the Moluccas island under the Zaragoza Agreement.

A summary • Papal Bull of May 3, 1493 and of September 25, 1493 • In May 3, 1493 Pope alexander VI tried to solve the conflict between Portugal and Spain by sending out Papa Bull whereby Spain is allowed to colonize West and Portugal is allowed to colonize East. But on September 25, 1493 the pope cancelled this decree and allowed Spain to colonize East. • The Zaragoza Agreement • Spain sold the Moluccas Island to the Portugal.

Ferdinand Magellan • Is a Portuguese • He discovered Philippines • How did he discovered Philippines? • After his travel to India, he told King Emmanuel I of Portugal that the East could be reached through the western direction. But the king didn't believe him. • He opened the idea to King Carlos I of Spain and believed him. • He was given 5 ships and 265 people.

A Summary • Why did Magellan approached Spain regarding his plans and request? • because King Emmanuel I of Portugal didn't believe him. • What are the hardships and challenges that Magellan's group experienced during their travel? • He and his men went through too much cold, strong winds and giant waves, hunger and conflicts and misunderstanding • Why is important to take note of Magellan's discovery of the Philippines? • Because it is when Philippines were colonized by Spain and many Filipinos converted into Catholic religions and Magellan gave Queen Juana the image ofthe Holy Child Jesus.

The Discovery of the Philippines • March 16, 1521 • Island of Samar named Homonhon • Interpreter between foreigner and locals is Enrique de Malacca • March 25, 1521 • Reached Limasawa • Blood compact (Sanduguan) between Magellan and Rajah Kulambu • March 31, 1521 • first mass was held in Masao, Butuan • Father Pedro Valderama celebrated the mass • Big cross was set firmly in this place after the Holy Mass. The Spaniards told the natives that the cross would protect them from thunder and lightning. • Magellan declared the Philippines a colony of Spain. • He called the Philippines - Archipelago de san Lazaro then later changed it to Las Islas Filipinas to honor Prince Felipe.

• April 14, 1521 • Magellan with the help of Rajah Kulambu reached Cebu • First mass celebrated in Cebu • Leader of Cebu was Rajah Humabon and his wife became converts in the Catholic religion. • Magellan gave Queen Juana the image of the Holy Child Jesus - the Sto. Nino • April 27, 1521 • Magellan attacked Mactan and was killed by Lapu-lapu. • Only one ship returned to Spain, Victoria, led by Sebastian del Cano. Only 18 survived. • Spaniards went back to Cebu and chose new leaders - Duarte Barbosa and Juan Serrano. • They were killed by Rajah Humabon and his men.

Significance of Magellan's Expedition • Magellan was given the honor of being the first man to circumnavigate the world with two journeys. • Magellan proved that the world is round. • Sebastian del Cano was given the distinction of having circumnavigated the world in a single journey. • Cebu was the first Christian province in the country. • The Battle of Mactan was the first battle of the natives agains foreign colonizers.

Magellan Expedition • Magellan saw Samar • Magellan reached Homonhon • Blood Compact between Magellan and Rajah Kulambu • The first mass was celebrated • The battle of Mactan

Other Expeditions • Expedition of Loaisa • Cabot's travel • Journey of Saavedra • Villalobo's journey • Expedition of Legazpi

A Summary • When the Turks captured Constantinopole, the three routes that were • • • used for commerce were closed. A country is a colony if it is under a foreign rule. When Pope Alexander VI divided the world, the west was for Spain, and east was for Portugal King Carlos I of Spain launched Magellan's expedition. The return of Marianas to Spain started many expeditions. The natives in the island of Guam which was also called Isla delos Landrones were called Chamorro Magellan saw a very tall mountain in Samar on March 16, 1521 As a sign of friendship and brotherhood, Magellan and Rajah Kulambu had a Blood Compact/Sanduguan The first catholic mass was celebrtaed in Limasawa on March 31, 1521 The name "Philippine Islands" originated from "Las Islas Filipinas", a name in honor of the Price Philip

A Summary • The name "Philippine Islands" originated from "Las Islas Filipinas", a name in honor of the ? • Prince Philip later King Philipi of Spain • The first Catholic mass celebrated in ? on March 31, 1521 • Limasawa • As a sign of friendship and brotherhood, Magellan and Rajh Kulambu had a ? • blood compact • Magellan saw a very tall mountain in ? on March 16, 1521 • Samar • The natives in the island of guam which was also called Isla delos Ladrones were called ? • Chamorro • The return of ? to Spain launched Magellan's expeditions • Marianas • King ? of Spain launched Magellan's expedition • King Carlos I • When Pope Alexander VI divided the world, the west was for Spain and east was for ? • Portugal

A Summary • A country is a ? if it is under a foreign rule • colony • When the Turks captured ? , the three routes that were used for commerce were closed • Constantinople • Pope Alexander VI sent the ? to solve the growing conflict betweent the two Catholic countries • Papal Bull/Papal bulletin • The first mass in Cebu was held on ? • April 14, 1521 • ? was given the distinction of having circumnavigated the world in a single journey • Sebastian del Cano • The ? is one of the important discoveries of Magellan for Spain • Philippines • The ? was the first battle of the natives against foreign colonizers • Battle of Mactan

Why did the Spaniards wants to colonize Philippines? • to increase the number of colonies they want to acquire • to open new business markets • to take advantage of the natural resources

LESSON 2: THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY IN THE PHILIPPINES SOCIAL STUDIES

The colonization of the Philippines • Philip II became the King of Spain in 1556 and he has great desire to colonize the Philippines because it was named after him. • November 21, 1564 • The expedition began to colonize the Philippines, to spread Christianity and to look for the route going back to Mexico. • Miguel Lopez de Legazpi headed the journey. • Fr. Andres Urdaneta, Augustinian friar joined the journey. He was the chief of navigation and spiritual adviser • February 13, 1565 • They reached Cebu but went straight to Leyte • Datu Kamuhatan met them and they were brought to Limasawa • Datu Bangkaw, the leader in Limasawa, welcomed them • Then they went to Bohol where they were met by Datu Sikatuna, the leader in Bohol • Sikatuna and Legazpi had a blood compact

Spanish Government in Cebu • Legazpi established the government in Cebu • 1570 • Manila was conquered by the Spaniards • Legazpi transferrred the capital from Cebu to Manila on June 21, 1571 • He declared Cebu the province of the Holy Name of Jesus

Spain colonize Philippines and spread Christianity with the help of the Spanish missionaries • The cross symbolize christianity and the start of the merging of the state and the church • The church and the state worked together in managing the community • The church were most powerful than the civilians who served the state • The Augustinians, Franciscans, Jesuits, Dominicans, Benedictines, Recolletos were among the first missionaires who came to the Philippines • Christianity is the most important legacy of the Spaniards to the Philippines • Catholicism was declared the official religion in the Philippines

The Abuse of the Parish Priest and Friars • they accepted lands as gifts from the rich people in the community in exchange of the favors asked from them. • they confiscated lands of those who could not pay taxes and those whose lands were pawned. • they imprisoned governors • Archbishop Pardo punished Gov Juan de Vargas • Priest named Sebastian de Totanes killed Gov Fernando Manuel

A Summary • The first friar who requested the King of spain that they be permitted to own lands in the Philippines • Bishop Domingo de Salazar • The first Governor-General who complained to the King of Spain about the abuses committed by the friars • Governor General Dasmarinas • The leader of the longest revolt of the country against Spaniards • Dagohoy

A Summary • The Philippines was completely conquered through • The introduction of Christianity • The first group of missionaries who arrived in the Philippines was • The Agustinians • The first province that was declared as the capital of the Philippines by Legazpi was • Manila • The prayer which the Filipinos learned to say every 12 noon and 6 in the evening is • The Angelus • The Spanish priests were sent for expeditions for the purpose of • evangelization

A Summary • The spiritual adviser of Legazpi • Fr. Andres Urdaneta • The King of Spain who launched the Legazpi expedition • King Philip II • The king of Bohol who had a blood compact with Legazpi • Sikatuna • He established the Cebu and Manila communities • Miguel Lopez de Legazpi • The King of Cebu • Tupaz • He helped Legazpi in conquering Manila • Martin de Goiti • The governor who ordered that the natives should change their family names with Spanish surnames • Gov Gen Narciso Claveria Y Aldua

A Summary • The most significant heritage the Spaniards have ever given to the Filipinos • Christianity • It is a shield at all times • prayer • They perform other tasks aside from church work • parish priest/friar • The name Philippines was taken from his name • Philip II • He is the chief of the navigation and spiritual adviser • Andres Urdaneta • He established the government in Cebu • Legazpi • The place where Datu Kamuhatan brought the Spanish colonizers • Limasawa

A Summary • He is the one in authority of Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac and Pangasinan • Martin de Goiti • The adviser of the archbishops and the bishops • governor general • They are the first missionary in the Philippines • Augustinians • Declared as the official religion in the Philippines • Catholicism • He punished to death of Gov Juan de Vargas • Archbishop Pardo • He requested the changed of the land ownership • Bishop Domingo de Salazar • A revolt which considered the longest Philippine history • Dagohoy's revolt • This was celebrated in different towns in honor of the vernated patron saints • fiestas

Who are the six missionaries first came here in the Philippines? • Augustinians • Franciscans • Jesuits • Dominicans • Benedictines • Recolletos

What are three orders King Philip II of Spain gave to Legazpi? • to colonize the Philippines • to spread Christianity • to look for the route going back to Mexico

What is Christianity? • Christianity is the most important legacy of the Spaniards in the Philippines

LESSON 3: SPAIN'S LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMS IN THE PHILIPPINES SOCIAL STUDIES

LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMS • Encomienda System • It envisioned to improve the country’s economy failed to accomplish its objective because of the encomenderos. • In the encomienda system, the land is to be taken cared of and not owned by the encomenderos. • Polo or Forced Labor • One of the by-laws of the Spaniards that men ages 16 to 60 were forced to work. • Men from ages 16 to 60 were forced to work for 40 days a year by the Spaniards. • polistas worked on road and bridge constructions, church buildings, ship constructions • Falla is a very large amount of money collected to those who don’t want to be a polistas. • Kasama System • It paved the way in the confiscation of the vast lands of the Filipinos by the Spaniards. • Tribute • It is the collected tax from the people to sustain the Spanish government. • was later changed to cedula • Galleon Trade • occured in large sailing ships that contained goods from the Philippines, Spain and Mexico • Bandala • It is a system worsened the life of the Filipinos.

Other Programs to improve the economic condition established by Jose Basco • The Royal Company of the Philippines • They took charge of the marketing products between Mexico and the Philippines. • The Welfare Programs of. Jose Basco • livelihood programs • Obras Pias • An institution that lends money with interest charged. • The Tobacco Monopoly • planting of tobacco • It increased the Spanish colonial power at the expense of the peoples’ living condition. • Filipino families were required to plant 40, 000 tobacco crops in one year. The Banks and the Business Establishments • first bank of the Philippines was the Banco Rodriguez in 1830 • Communication and Transportation • first lighthouse in Pasig River was built in 1846 • tranvia was introduced to the public in 1893 • The ship was a chest of treasures containing imported goods worth millions from the East. • The first telephone communications arrived in Manila in 1890.

A Summary • Agriculture was improved during the Spanish regime because the Spaniards • enforced the planting of coconut and abacus • In those days, the sound of the bell meant • the arrival of the Galleon trade • The Spaniards did not expand the Philippine industry, as it might • enlarge the assets of the Filipinos • The progress on the lives of the Filipinos under Spanish ruling was slow because • religion interested the Filipinos more • Expresses the ideas of showing progress in the line of communication • people exchanged ideas • narrowed the gap in foreign relations • fast stabilization of the economy

How did the Spanish laws affect the Filipinos? Because of the many abuses and exploitation committed by the Spanish leaders, the Filipino were finally awakened. Revolutionaries coming from different regions of the country attacked the Spanish government.

LESSON 4: EDUCATION DURING THE SPANISH REGIME AND ITS COLONIAL EFFECTS TO THE FILIPINOS SOCIAL STUDIES

Education System during Spanish Regime • The friars controlled the educational system during the Spanish times. • The students in the primary level were taught the Doctrina Cristiana • The colegio was equivalent to a university education during the • • • Spanish regime. The Dominicans made a name as they established one of the best universities in the Philippines. The beaterio was meant for orphaned girls who could not afford to educate themselves. The friars believed that for the Filipinos to learn fast, they should impose the strict discipline which means applying corporal punishment. The friars were effective in evangelizing the Catholic religion to the Filipinos. The ilustrados are the well educated Filipinos during the Spanish regime. The educational system of the Philippines during the Spanish times was formal

Education System during Spanish Regime • The schools established were taken cared of by religious • • • congregation In the beginning, Philippine education was limited to the Spaniards living in the Philippines Latin was given more emphasis in language teaching, instead of Spanish The Augustinian was the first missionary order that established the first school in Cebu 1565 The Beaterio are schools for orphaned girls and the deprived. The Dominicans established San Juan de Letran The College is equivalent to a university during the Spanish times. The teaching of Religion is the most important subject from the primary to the tertiary level of education Colegio de Santa Potenciana is the first college for girls that was established in 1589 The ilustrados are the wealthy and educated Filipinos

Schools built by the Spaniards • The Augustinians built the first school in the Philippines situated in • • Cebu in 1565 The first college school for the boys was the Colegio de San Ignacio in Manila 1589 The Colegio de Santa Potenciana was the first school and college for girls. The Ateneo de Municipal which is now the famous Ateneo de Manila University The Escuela Pia was entrusted by the government to the Jesuits.

Why were the schools of the boys and girls separated? Give at least 3 reasons. • separating them will allow teachers to tailor their lessons; • students achieve and learn better in single sex schools; and • boys won’t misbehave as much because they will no longer be trying to impress the girls, and girls will be more likely to speak up in class because they won’t be afraid to look smart in front of the boys.

Schools for Boys and Girls Boys Girls Colegio de San Ignacio Colegio de Santa Potenciana Colegio de San Idelfonso Colegio de Sta. Isabel Colegio de San Jose San Juan de Letran University of Santo Tomas

Why education is important today? • Education is very important because you will not get a good job with high salary if you do not finish college and earn a degree.

LESSON 5: SPANISH INFLUENCES TO PHILIPPINES CULTURE SOCIAL STUDIES

Spanish Culture Influences • Fiestas it is a celebration in commemoration of the venerated patron saints in the barangay, town and cities. • Zarzuela an example of stage play which is the forerunner of our modern-day musical stage plays. • Pasyon it the longest lyric on the sufferings and death of Jesus which until now is usually sung in churches, processions and in the houses of the provinces during the Holy Week. • Cenaculo a stage drama about the sufferings and death of Jesus Christ.

• Comedia a light play with a happy ending. • moro-moro a blood-and-thunder drama depicting the fight between the Christians and the Muslims. • Flores de Mayo One of the observed celebrations by the Catholics • Lent Season other celebrations being observed up to now by the catholics

The Social Class • The Spaniards who were born in Spain but settled in the Philippines • • were called peninsulares The Spaniards who were born in the Philippines are called insulares The caciques were caretakers of big tracks of lands owned by the rich Spanish. ilustrado The natives are called indio Masses is composed of the majority of the Filipinos who were either helpers of the rich, farmers, or the factory workers. The creoles were half-Spanish and half-Filipino. The most appealing and a welcome sight was the azotea where visitors were usually welcomed and entertained.

Important Persons • The national anthem, Lupang Hinirang was composed by Julian Felipe, is notable person in music • Juan Luna, is notable person in painting • Francisco Balagtas, is notable person in play • Jose dela Cruz, is notable person in play • Dolores Paterno, is notable person in music • Anacleto V. del Rosario, is notable person in science (chemistry) • Leon Ma. Guerrero, is notable person in science (medicine) • Jose Rizal, is notable person in science • Padre Diego Cerra, is notable person in music • Mariano V. del Rosario, is notable person in science (medicine)

Concept and Category • Play • Moro-moro, Cenaculo, Zarzuela • Social Classes • Peninsulares, Creoles, Insulares • Mode of Food • Chocolate, Coffee, Wine • Fiestas and Entertainment • Santacruzan, Flores de Mayo, Todos Los Santos • Dances • Pandanggo, Carinosa, La Jota • Silver Wares • Spoon, Plate, Cup

• Mode of Food • Corn, Potato, Cocoa • Entertainment • Juego de Prenda, Juego de Anillo, Cock fighting • Musical Instruments • Violin, Harp, Flute • Mode of Dressing • Hat, Pants, Shirt

LESSON 6: THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT SOCIAL STUDIES

Ranking of Government Officials • president • vice-president • senator • congressman • governor • mayor • barangay captain • councilor

Framework of Spanish Government • Central Government • Governor-General (highest leader) • Royal Audiencia (supreme court) • Residencia • Juez de Residencia (Leader) • Investigator • Local Government • Vista Visitador-General (Leader) • Local Government • Alcadia Alcalde Mayor (Leader) • Alcalde Ayuntamiento (Leader) • Alcaldia • Gobernadorcillo • Bario or Barangay Cabeza de Barangay • Corregimiento Corregidor (Leader)

Position and Roles in the Spanish Government • Consejo de Indias • He enforces the laws sent to the Philippines from Mexico • vice-real patron • The right hand of the Governador-General in matters of religion • gobernadorcillo • The leader responsible to the pueblo • Not appointed but were nominated and elected. • alcaldia • He recognizes the Spaniards as the colonizers • visitador • He was entrusted by the King to investigate and evaluate the conduct of the Governador-General • cumplase • It is the power of the Governador-General to execute some orders not appropriate for the country • Power of not implementing what the Consejo de Indias had decreed.

• corregidor • He is responsible of provinces that reject the power of the Spaniards • kapitan-heneral • The military title of the Governador-General • principalia • The socioeconomic status of the Filipino who are allowed to run a position in the government • governador-gernal • The highest leader in the colony who directly reports to the King • Held the highest position in the government.

• Alcalde • Responsible for the city government. • Pueblo • Governed by the gobernadorcillo and held the highest position of Filipino politicians. • Royal Audencia • Supreme Court of the Philippines. • Ayuntamiento • Center of the society, religion, culture and business. • Local Government • Responsible of the provinces, cities, towns and barrios. • Corregimiento • Provinces or places where revolutionary movements usually took place. • Visita • Established so that the Governador-General would stop incurring abuses or injustices to the people.

What form of government did the Spaniards establish? • The Spaniards established centralized form of government. It is divided into two branches: central government and local government. Central government is headed by the Governador-General. Local government is divided into alcaldia, pueblo and barangay.

LESSON 7: THE AWAKENING SOCIAL STUDIES

What are the different events that gave way to the awakening of the Filipinos • The Opening of the World Trade • In the year 1834, Manila opened to other business worldwide. • The import-export business transactions paved the way to liberalism. • The Opening of the Suez Canal • Made business transaction faster from Europe to the Philippines in 1890 • The Rise of the Middle Class • The ilustrados, foreign-educated Filipinos were able to join and transact business. • The Administration of Governador-General Carlos Maria dela Torre • In 1869, when this governor arrived, he exercised liberal thinking.

• Secularization • The Filipino secular priest formed a movement to fight against the abuses and injustices of the Spanish missionaries • Gomburza and the Cavite Uprising of 1872 • Father Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora founded the Secularization Movement, they were better known as Gom. Bur. Za. They were sentenced to die on February 17, 1872 • The Propaganda Movement • The ilustrados seeking reforms from the Spaniards founded a peaceful movement called the Propaganda Movement.

What are the evidences, which prove that these foreign business transactions truly awakened the Filipinos? • The rise of the middle class was one of the biggest factors that helped in the awakening of the Filipinos.

Why was the opening of the Suez Canal Important? • Because it made business transactions faster from Europe to the Philippines. This gave way to more liberal ideas and thirst of news events worldwide and some Filipinos were able to pursue their studies in Europe.

Give the differences between secular and regular priests • The regular priests were those belonging to religious orders who discriminated the Filipino priests. The secular priests were the Filipino priests who were never given the opportunity to take charge of the churches and the parishes.

Why is the event on February 17, 1872 important? • It was when the GOMBURZA were guillotined.

A Summary • The Galleon Trade became the road to world trade. • Liberal thinking is free thinking • The Opening of the Suez Canal brought positive effects even to the Filipinos • The Filipinos liked their way of life during the administration of Gov. Gen. Carlos Maria dela Torre • The three priests namely Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora accused of being the masterminds of the uprising that took place in Cavite • The revolt in Cavite in 1872 was a success • The Filipinos were angered at how the Spaniards treated the local priests.

A Summary • The Philippines became known to the world as it opened to foreign transactions worldwide. • The opening of the Suez Canal made transportation and communication services faster and easier. • The rise of the middle class was one of the biggest factors that helped in the awakening of the Filipinos. • The Secularization Movement was composed of Filipino secular priests who rose to sought equal rights with the regular priests and to be given the opportunity to take charge of parishes. • The Propaganda Movement was another movement that sought reforms from the Spaniards through peaceful means.

A Summary • The GOMBURZA were guillotined on February 17, 1872. • The ilustrados seeking reforms from the Spaniards founded a peaceful movement called the Propaganda Movement. • The regular priests were those belonging to religious orders. • A bloody encounter between the laborers and the military ensued at the Spanish government’s arsenal at Fort San Felipe in Cavite. • The import-export business transactions paved the way to liberalism.

LESSON 8: MOVEMENT OF THE FILIPINO HEROES SOCIAL STUDIES

Movements and Founders Organization Propaganda Movement Founder Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Antonio and Juan Luna, Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, Mariano Ponce, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Pedro Paterno, Gregorio Sanciano Location Objectives Spain 1. The assimilation of the Philippines as a province of Spain 2. The equal rights for both the Filipinos and the Spaniards 3. Demands for Involvement of the Filipinos in the Spanish Cortez 4. The secularization of the parishes 5. The recognition of the freedom and the rights of the Filipino people

Movements and Founders Organization Founder La Liga Filipina Jose Rizal Location Objectives Philippines 1. To unite the entire country 2. To coordinate with one another in times of need 3. To prohibit unreasonable motives 4. To encourage education, commerce and agriculture 5. To investigate and organize reforms

La Liga Filipina • On July 6, 1892, Jose Rizal was arrested and was exiled to Dapitan • The organization was divided into two fractions • Cuerpo de Compromisarias continue seeking reforms through peaceful means • KKK - Kataasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga anak ng Bayan led by Andres Bonifacio drive away Spaniards by force or through the use of arms

Movements and Founders Organization Circulo Hispano Filipino Founder Location Don Miguel Madrid Morayta Objectives 1. To teach the Spanish language in all schools 2. To implement civil and school registration 3. To open tertiary levels of education to the Filipinos 4. To reconstruct train railways 5. To prohibit unjust corporal punishment inflicted among the prisoners 6. To prohibit the charging of impractical high taex in the church and state

Circulo Hispano -Filipino • The political section was headed by Marcelo H. Del Pilar • The literal section was headed by Mariano Ponce • Recreational section was headed by Tomas Arejola

Movements and Founders Organization Committee Parties of Masonry Founder Graciano Lopez Jaena Location Objectives Barcelona 1. To reform the Philippines as a province of Spain 2. To improve the Filipinos in Spanish assemblies 3. To establish a democratic government 4. To improve the conditions in the Philippines and make it a progressive and ideal nation 5. To enjoy rights and privileges from good governance

Written Works of the Propagandists • El Progreso de Filipinas writted by Greogorio Sancianco • exposed the unjust means of running the economy of the Philippines • Noli Me Tangere and El Filibustirismo are novels written by Jose Rizal • exposed the problems of the ordinary Filipinos and illegal activities of the Spaniards • written by Marcelo H. Del Pilar • Caiingat Cayo (Be Careful) • Dasalan at Toksohan satirical revisions of the prayers of the friars • La Soerania Monacal (Monastic Supremacy) • La Frailocracia Filipina (Frailocracy in the Philippines) exposing the friar's controlling hand over the government. • Fray Botod written by Graciano Lopez Jaena • a criticism of the friar's big bellies

A Summary • La Liga Filipina • was founded by Jose Rizal in the Philippines • is a civic group organized by Jose Rizal when he arrived Philippines from Spain. • The Propaganda movement • was an organization that criticizes the government through peaceful means • was the first movement organized discreetly by the elite or ilustrados. • Insufficient funds became one of the major reasons for the failure of the Propaganda Movement • Marcelo H. Del Pilar • The last editor of La Solidaridad • Circulo Hispano-Filipino • had Spanish members • was divided into three committees in order to act quickly on their objectives • Jose Rizal • was exiled in Dapitan, Zamboanga

A Summary • Juan Luna • became popular in Spain for his work "Spoliarium" • Cuerpo de Compormisaries • was an organization that continue to seek reforms through peaceful means. • El Progreso de Filipinas • was written by Gregorio Sancianco exposed the unjust means of running the economy of the Philippines.

Analogy 1. La Liga Filipina Jose Rizal Circulo Hispano-Filipino Don Miguel Morayta 2. Political Section Marcelo H. Del Pilar Literature Section Mariano Ponce 3. La Solidaridad official publication Spolarium famous painting 4. Spolarium Juan Luna Virgins Exposed in the Market Place Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo

Analogy 5. El Progreso de Filipina Gregorio Sancianco Noli Me Tangere Jose Rizal 6. Caiingat Kayo Marcelo H. Del Pilar Fray Botod Graciano Lopez-Jaena 7. Dairyong Tagalog Basilio Teodoro & Marcelo H Del Pilar La Solidaridad Graciano Lopez Jaena 8. Revolucion Masonry in Barcelona Nilad Masonry in Manila

Analogy 9. Laong Laan Dr Jose Rizal Tikbalang Mariano Ponce 10. Antonio Luna Taga-ilog Marcelo H Del Pilar Plaridel

LESSON 9: KATIPUNAN AND THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION SOCIAL STUDIES

The Birth of KKK • Andres Bonifacio • On July 7, 1892 launched the Katipunan or the Kataasan Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan • was known as the Father, Ama or supremo of the Katipunan • He wrote the Decalogue of the Katipunan • Emilio Jacinto • The brain of the Katipunan was • He composed the primer of the KKK which contains the aims and principles of the KKK • Kalayaan or freedom • the name of their official newspaper • Membership • for men and women • need to pass a lot of test to become a member

• aspirants vowed not to divulge any information about the organization • they sign using their own bloods • the members has aliases • The groups • Group name: Katipon • Attire: black mask and triangle-tied on the white scarf • Signal: Anak ng Bayan • Group name: Kawal • Attire: Green mask, green belt and a medal marked with letter K • Signal: Gomburza • Group name: Bayani • Attire: Red mask and red belt with green linings • Signal: Rizal

The Discovery of the Katipunan • was discovered on August 19, 1896 • The discovery of the KKK by the Spaniards led to the cry of Pugadlawin on August 23, 1896 where members tore their cedulas • members launched a revolt and get ready for battle • this marks the beginning of the Philippines Revolution • On August 30, 1896 the battle between the revolutionists and the Spanish troops broke out in San Juan del Monte • Revolts spread in these eight provinces: Cavite, Batangas, Laguna, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija

The Death of Jose Rizal • A lot of Filipinos were imprisoned including Jose Rizal. • He was exiled for 4 years in Dapitan, Zamboanga • On November 30, 1896 he was transferred to Manila and was imprisoned at Fort Santiago • A month after, he was sentenced to death on December 30, 1896 in Bagumbayan, now is called Luneta. • The death of Jose Rizal made the Filipinos despised the Spaniards even more.

Emilio Aguinaldo • Emilio Aguinaldo's troops attacked many Spanish campsites in Cavite and won their battles • He became known as General Miong

The Tejeros Convention • The president of KKK was replaced by Emilio Aguinaldo. • The former president Andres Bonifacio became the Interior Secretary • Daniel Tirona did not agree of Bonifacio acquiring the position • Bonifacio disregarded the president, Emilio Aguinaldo and resumed his supremacy as leader of KKK

Bonifacio was sentenced to death • Aguinaldo have Bonifacio arrested and sentenced to death • Bonifacio and his brother Procopio were shot to death in Mount Buntis near Maragondon, Cavite on May 10, 1897 • Bonifacio died in the hands of the Filipino

Biak na Bato Republic • The death of Bonifacio made the Katipuneros disunited • Emilio Aguinaldo hide in Biak na Bato in San Miguel, Bulacan • Emilio Aguinaldo established the Biak na Bato Republic on November 2, 1897 • Emilio Aguinado made a peace negotiation with the Spaniards called Kasunduan sa Biak na Bato (Pact of Biak na Bato) • Pedro Paterno stood as the peace negotiatior between the Spaniards and the Filipinos

The Collapse of Biak na Bato • Spaniards and Filipinos cannot come to terms and violated their agreement • Emilio Aguinaldo and his men left for Hong Kong • The revolutionaries who were left behind continue the battle • When Emilio Aguinaldo and his men returned in the Philippines, American were preparing to attack the Spaniards to colonize the Philippines

Initials • AB (Andres Bonifacio) • popularly known as the Supremo or the Father of the Katipunan • K (Kartilya) • entails the principles of the Katipunan • T (Triangular Method) • the Katipuneros use as a means of recruiting people to join the newly-formed organization • G (Gomburza) • signals that you are a distant member of the group • TP (Teodoro Patino) • make the KKK be known

Initials • B (Biak na Bato) • turned out as one of the most important historical places here in the Philippines • pact that Spain and Philippines violate • C (cedula) • Katipuneros tear in their first cry at Pugadlawin • EA (Emilio Aguinaldo) • became the president of the election during the Tejeros convention • DT (Daniel Tirona) • a discouraging person that after knowing that Andres Bonifacio was the Interior Secretary, insisted that all political leaders must have finished a degree in law

Chronological Order of Events • The founding of KKK by Andres Bonifacio • The confession of Teodoro Patino to Padre Mariano Gil • The tearing of the cedula during the first cry of Pugadlawin • The start of the revolution in San Juan del Monte • The disunity of the three fractions

Chronological Order of Events • The Tejeros Convention • The investigation and accusation of Andres Bonifacio • Aguinaldo violates the Pact of Biak na Bato • Aguinaldo and his men leave for Hong Kong • when the pact of Biak na Bato was violated by the Spaniards and the Filipinos

A Summary 1. On July 7, 1892, Andres Bonifacio launched the Katipuneros and known as the Ama or Supremo of the Katipunan. 2. The Sangguniang Bayan was established in every town where members of the KKK 3. The primary objective of the Katipunan is to liberate the Philippines from the Spaniards through the use of arms. 4. The supporters used different aliases to hide their real identities. 5. Teodoro Patino divulged the organization called Katipunan to his sister Honoraria.

A Summary 6. The significant event in the history of the Philippines is known as the Cry of Pugadlawin which signaled the famous revolution of the Filipinos. 7. Jose Rizal died from a volley of shots in Bagumbayan on December 30, 1896. 8. Bagumbayan is known today as Luneta. 9. Emilio Aguinaldo troops continuously won the battles against the Spaniards. 10. Bonifacio and his men released the Acta de Tejeros, an act declaring the Tejeros Convention null and void.

A Summary 11. The peace negotiations for a cease fire between the Filipinos and Spaniards was called Pact of Biak na Bato. 12. Pedro Paterno stood as the peace negotiator between the Spaniards and the Filipinos. 13. The KKK organization was discovered on August 19, 1896. 14. Emilio Aguinaldo and Gov General Primo de Rivera group both violated the peace pact. 15. Emilio Jacinto was popularly known as the Brains of the Katipunan and the right hand of Andres Bonifacio.

Write what you feel on the death of two important heroes in Philippine history. • The death of Jose Rizal paved the way for the revolution to take place. The death of Andres Bonifacio in the hands of the Filipinos shows a political warfare.

LESSON 10: THE FILIPINO HEROES SOCIAL STUDIES

HEROES -THEIR CONTRIBUTION AND QUALITIES HEROES CONTRIBUTION QUALITIES ANDRES BONIFACIO father of Filipino revolution fighter, hard working, intelligent JOSE RIZAL the greatest of all the writer, founder, clever, Propagandists, founded the brave, rich La Liga Filipina MARCELO H. DEL PILAR editor of Diaryong Tagalog and the last editor of the La editor, smart, writer, brave Solidaridad GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA also known as "May Pinilakang Dila" or the Great orator, brave, intelligent JUAN LUNA his famous painting is the "Spolarium", overpowered the rest of the paintings by famous artists in Spainter, rich, brave

HEROES - THEIR CONTRIBUTION AND QUALITIES HEROES CONTRIBUTION EMILIO JACINTO the brains of the Katipunan wrote the Kartilya ng Katipunan MELCHORA AQUINO "Ina ng Himagsikan"

A Summary • The first wife of Andres Bonifacio was Monica but she died of leprosy. • Marcelo del Pilar became the editor of the La Solidaridad. • Jose Rizal is considered as the greatest of all Propagandist and founder of the La Liga Filipina. • Andres Bonifacio was known as the Father of Filipino Revolution. • Tandang Sora is a woman known for her great love of the country. • The famous mural painting of Juan Luna is Spolarium.

A Summary • Graciano Lopez Jaena is the Great Orator in Visayas. • Emilio Jacinto is the Brains of the Katipunan and wrote the Kartilya ng Katipunan which is one of the greatest contributions in KKK. • Ina ng Himagsikan is commonly known as Tandang Sora. • Juan Luna one of the greatest painters of the Philippines and received the gold medal in the Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes.

What is Heroism? • Heroism means willingness to give up one's life for the love of the country and its people.