Table 11 Students variables Student characteristics Age Gender

Table 11. Students’ variables Student characteristics Age Gender Language spoken at home Student passion Confidence Student’s age Girl or Boy PIRLS ASBG 02 B ITSEX Code book TIMSS BSBG 02 B ITSEX Does the student speak Arabic at home? ASBG 03 BSBG 03 Does the student like the subject? Students Confident about his/her skills ASDGSLR ASDGSBS Homework The time spent doing homework ASBR 01 _ _ Maths : BSDMWKHW Science : BSDEWKHW Biology : BSDBWKHW Physics : BSDPWKHW Chemistry: BSDCWKHW Parents education level Personal computer Internet Desk The highest level of education reached by parents Does the student have a PC Does the student have access to internet Does the student have his/her own desk Does the student have her/his own books other than textbooks at home Did the child attend a kindergarten or a Koranic school? Books Preschool Meaning ASDHEDUP BSDGEDUP ASBG 05 A ASBG 05 E ASBG 05 B BSBG 05 A BSBG 05 E BSBG 05 B ASBG 05 C BSBG 05 C ASBH 04 A _ Source: Author’s compilation from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) (2011) and TIMSS (2011) User Guide for the International Database. Liouaeddine Mariem et al. The Main Determinants of Moroccan Students' Outcomes. American Journal of Educational Research, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 4, 367 -383. doi: 10. 12691/education-5 -4 -5 © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Science and Education Publishing.