T 2 1 Enterprise elements ChinSheng Chen Florida

T 2 -1: Enterprise elements Chin-Sheng Chen Florida International University

T 2 -1: Enterprise elements n Element types – Work – Decision – Resource – Information

The ESE Framework – Re-visit Enterprise element Work Decision System facet Strategy Competency Capacity Resource Information Structure Engineering Specification Analysis activity Design implementati on Performance Cost measure Quality Benefit (profit) Time

Enterprise elements – work (1) n Definition – A business activity that adds direct value to the process (value chain) – (From customer’s view) n Nature of work (Productive activities) n engineering n manufacturing n servicing

Enterprise elements – work (2) n External work (chargeable to a contract) – Production orders derived directly from a customer’s order n n n External customers Other (sister) divisions Internal work (partially chargeable) – (Internal) production orders issued for n n Making (generic) tooling Making an inventory item conducting an internal project (R&D, improvement) Performing maintenance work

Enterprise elements – work (3) n Work hierarchy – Program n Project – Task n operation

Enterprise elements – decision (1) n Definition – A special kind of work that does not add direct value to a particular order n Nature of decision – Administrative activities in management n Initiate, create, review (QC), approve (control), distribute – Administrative activities in production (execution) n n n Work release Monitoring Measuring (IQC, IPQC) Reporting Control (re-assigning, re-scheduling)

Enterprise elements – decision (2) n Decision hierarchy – Strategic decisions n Strategic planning & approval – Tactic decisions n n Aggregate planning & approval Short-term capacity adjustment & approval – Operational decision n n Bidding/contracting & approval Production planning/scheduling & approval Request/acquisition & approval IQC/IPQC & approval Project/shop-floor monitoring & control

Enterprises elements – resources (1) n Resource types – – – – Material Machine Tools Equipment Facility Utilities Human resource Capital

Enterprises elements – resource (2): material n Definition n Classification by completion status n Material types – Physical object on which work is performed by a resource – For engineering work, material may not be required, while in servicing, the customer could be viewed as the physical object (material). – Raw material – WIP – Finished goods – Classified by n n shape and size, application, material properties, value (ABC classification)

Enterprises elements – resources (3): Machine n Types (for discrete part mfg. ) – Fabrication machines n n n Cutting, stamping, & blanking Material removal Forming/molding/casting/extrusion – Assembly machines n n fastening Joining and welding – Surface/finishing machines n n n Surface finishing printing packaging – QC machines n n Inspection testing

Enterprises elements – resources (4): tools n Types – Jigs – Dies – Molds – Fixtures – Attachments – Cutting tools – Gauges and measurement tools

Enterprises elements – resources (5): Equipment n Types – Benches/work areas – Material handling equipment n – – Pallets, crates, baskets, carts, lift tracks, conveyors, AGVs, ASRS, etc. Heat treatment furnaces Hood/drainage Air conditioning Transportation vehicles (official truck, coach bus, car) – Elevators

Enterprises elements – resources (6): Facilities n Types – Storage/warehouses n location>building>section>aisle>rack>cell – Workspaces n Location>building>floor>area>room>station – Parking spaces n Location>building>floor>area>section>lot – Passage aisles/staircases n location>building>floor>area>aisle

Enterprises elements – resources (7): Utilities n Types – Water – Air – Power – Gas – Phone – Data line

Enterprises elements – resources (8): HR n Managerial classification – Direct vs. indirect – Full time vs. part time – Straight vs. over time – In-house vs. virtual n Competency classification – By trade, skill/operation type, and skill level

Enterprises elements – resources (9): Computer & communication n Types – Hardware n n n Station NB PDA Scanner Printer Projector – Software – Network n n n Server Router hub

Enterprises elements – resources (10): Capital n Types – Cash (flow) – (revolving) credit lines

Enterprise elements – information (1) n Definition – A special type of enterprise resource that is a representation of corporate data, process expertise relevant to its operation, and corporate intelligence with value to customers. n Information types – Corporate data – Process expertise – Corporate intelligence

Enterprise elements – information (2): Corporate data n Product data n Customer & sales data n Supplier (material and service supplier) data n Production data – Specifications, engineering analysis (technical approach), product design (BOM, 2 D, 3 D), QC plans, mfg. process plan, CAM data – Customer records – Bid and contract history – Supplier profile & qualification record – Performance records – Plant layout – Organization structure – Planned and actual production (work) data, (schedule, quality, and cost data)

Enterprise elements – information (3): Process expertise n Core competence – Competency (operation) modeling – n Activity: with possible reference to specific resources in terms of its competency type, difficulty rating, quality, and speed Method: operation procedure, QC procedure, setup procedures, etc. Constraint Input requirement Output requirement n Generic managerial operations: n Productive operations: n n – Elemental operation (activity) types n – initiate, plan, schedule, review, revise, abort, approve, amend, append, release, etc. – machining, assembly, forming, etc. – Resource capability and capacity Business processes – SOP definition – Process knowledge coupled with SOP.

Enterprise elements – information (4): Corporate intelligence n Business Process knowledge – Standard operation procedures (SOP) – Directives and guidelines – Best practices n Intellectual properties – – – Patents & trademarks Trade secrets Benchmarks SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) analyses Case studies White papers