T 1 GSM T 1 Channel Bank with

T 1 -GSM™ T 1 Channel Bank with 24 X GSM Wireless Interface(s) 16810, Avenue of Fountains, Suite # 108, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268, U. S. A. Phone: +1 (480) 816 -8672 Fax: +1 (480) 816 -0115 E-mail: sales@oriontelecom. com Web Site: http: //www. oriontelecom. com Updated : January 1 st, 2005 Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 1

T 1 -GSM PRODUCT OVERVIEW • Integrates the T 1 interface to the GSM (wireless) network to provide the USER with 24, GSM (mobile) wireless links for mobile communications with an integrated T 1 Interface • The interface of the Network Side is T 1 Digital Interface with D 4, E&M Wink. Start Signaling. • The interface on the Wireless Side is 24 x GSM Wireless links. • Ideal choice for terminating long distance traffic / Vo. IP / Vo. FR or DCME traffic to the PSTN / GSM (mobile cellular) networks. No LAND LINES REQUIRED! • Remote monitoring and configuration through TCP/IP access. • Unique out-bound calling, user programmable, access feature. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 2

T 1 -GSM FEATURES & HIGHLIGHTS • Compact, 24 GSM wireless terminals in a 19 -inch chassis. • GSM is integrated to the T 1 Interface. No gray areas of what will work with what. Tested to work with Cisco 3600 and Cisco 5300 Vo. IP Servers (and many others). • Improved voice quality. The two wire trans-hybrid analog path (present in the Fixed Wireless terminals) is eliminated in the Orion GSM design resulting in improved voice quality, clearer voice and superior channel separation by reducing the susceptibility to echoes that result from the analog two wire transhybrid VF paths. • Disable caller ID. Orion's GSM terminal can be programmed (default factory setting) to block caller ID presentation. Continue…. . Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 3

T 1 -GSM Features & Highlights Continue…. . • Integrated, optional, T 1 Echo-Canceller to cancel echo-tails resulting from the inherent delays of Vo. IP, Vo. ATM, Vo. FR Networks. 64 ms - unidirectional, 128 ms - unidirectional and 64 ms - bidirectional options available. • Lower cost - resulting from complete, GSM wireless to T 1 integration. • Ideal choice for terminating long distance traffic / Vo. IP traffic to the PSTN / GSM (mobile cellular) networks. No LAND LINES REQUIRED!!! • Plug-And-Play. Easy to install. Takes only minutes to install and start service. • Provides accurate billing information ("answer supervision" and "line disconnect supervision") - not provided by Nokia Fixed Wireless Terminals and optional in Telular Fixed Wireless Terminals. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 4

T 1 -GSM Orion's Integrated E 1 / T 1 GSM Channel Bank - PROS 1. Integrated and Compact. 24 (T 1), or 30, (E 1) GSM channels in a compact 6 U high, 19 -inch rack-mountable shelf. 2. Integrated, Single Power Input: -48 VDC or AC Mains. Both options are provided. Third Party, component solutions comprising of E 1 / T 1 Channel Banks and 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals - CONS 1. Discreet and poorly managed solution comprising of a channel bank and discreet and 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals. 2. Individual, 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals with 30, separate power inputs. Difficult to manage. 3. 3. 5 d. B gain, external antennas with 2 meter RG 174 cable and antenna trays. Easy to manage. 3. Absence of External Antennas provides no additional signal gain. 4. Offers Remote and Integrated Graphical User Interface (GUI) Management to monitor all GSM channels. This option allows the USER to view and monitor the status of ALL 24 / 30 GSM channels, including FAULTS on any of the individual GSM channels, remotely, over a TCP-IP network. 4. No management facility to monitor the GSM terminals remotely, or to view the channel or fault status on any of the GSM channels. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Continue…. . Slide 5

T 1 -GSM Orion's Integrated E 1 / T 1 GSM Channel Bank - PROS Third Party, component solutions comprising of E 1 / T 1 Channel Banks and 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals - CONS 5. Integrated, 64 ms. and 128 ms. Echo-Canceller options. This option allows the USER to install a 64 ms. / 128 ms. Echo-Canceller in the same 19 -inch chassis, to effectively remove any echoes resulting From Vo. IP and Vo. FR network delays. 5. No option of ANY Echo-Canceller, which are often essential and required in Vo. IP and Vo. ATM call termination, owing unacceptable echoes which often result from network delays. 6. Direct T 1 Mu Law to GSM conversion, with 6. Poor coupling of analog lines (from the patented (patent pending) noise reduction technology. Greatly improves voice quality and voice clarity. E 1 / T 1 channel banks) to GSM Fixed Wireless Terminals often results in the analog lines picking up a lot of GSM transmission noise often resulting in unacceptable voice quality and poor quality service. Continue…. . Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 6

T 1 -GSM Orion's Integrated E 1 / T 1 GSM Channel Bank - PROS 7. Unique dial-out user programmable access. USER PROGAMMABLE, call directory interface. This optional feature, unique to Orion E 1 / T 1, GSM Multiplexer, allows the USER to program "out-bound" calls (GSM Network to E 1 / T 1), to be restricted to a list of USER pre- programmed numbers only. This feature can be used to provide limited access to out-going calls (GSM Network to E 1 / T 1), on dedicated channels, which the service provider may wish to RESERVE only for its SUBSCRIPTION CUSTOMERS wishing to use out-bound longdistance services (GSM Network to E 1 / T 1), through Vo. IP / Vo. ATM networks. Third Party, component solutions comprising of E 1 / T 1 Channel Banks and 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals - CONS 7. No USER PROGRAMMABILITY to RESTRICT or ALLOW calls based a USER PROGRAMMABLE directory. No such feature is provided, or offered in the Fixed Wireless Terminal Channel Bank solution. Continue…. . This option also allows the USER to RESTRICT, or to ALLOW all calls originating from the GSM Network to E 1 / T 1 Vo. IP / Vo. ATM Gateway. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 7

T 1 -GSM Orion's Integrated E 1 / T 1 GSM Channel Bank - PROS 8. Accurate CALL METERING resulting from accurate answer-supervision and line. Disconnect supervision since the integrated E 1 / T 1, GSM Channel Bank derives its answer-supervision (required for the callmetering function), from the SS 7 based GSM Network Signaling / GSM Switch. 9. Greater product reliability. Integration results in greater product reliability and results in less downtime resulting from a low failure rate. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Third Party, component solutions comprising of E 1 / T 1 Channel Banks and 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals - CONS 8. Unreliable CALL METERING resulting from a battery reversal based, or VAD based (Voice Activated) answer supervision, which is based on analog technology and prone to errors. A VAD based answer supervision offers unreliable CALL METERING, in Comparison with the integrated E 1 / T 1, GSM Channel Bank which derives its answer-supervision (required for the call-metering function), from the SS 7 based GSM Network Signaling / GSM Switch. 9. Poor product reliability resulting from low integration, poor management and a high number of individual components that are required to be managed (24 or 30 individuals Fixed Wireless Terminals, each with separate power supplies, and the channel bank. Slide 8

T 1 -GSM Orion's Integrated E 1 / T 1 GSM Channel Bank - PROS 10. Low Cost. Integration also results in cost reduction when compared with a Third Party, component solutions comprising of E 1 / T 1 Channel Banks and 24 (T 1) / 30 (E 1) Fixed Wireless Terminals - CONS 10. Higher cost. The cost appears to be even higher, the absence of any available features, component based, discreet solution and if poor product management, poor product comprising of a T 1 / E 1 channel bank integration resulting in lower product reliability is PLUS 24 / 30 Fixed Wireless Terminals. taken into consideration. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 9

T 1 -GSM T 1 GSM Gateway / GSM Channel Bank with 24 X GSM Wireless Interfaces for Vo. IP / Switch / PBX Application Vo. IP Server / Switch / PBX D 4, E&M Wink-Start 24, GSM Wireless Terminals Dial In Dial Out T 1, GSM Channel Bank Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 10

T 1 -GSM Technical Specifications T 1 Interface Card Number of T 1 Interfaces One Conformity G. 703 Framing D 4 Signaling D 4, Robbed-Bit , E&M Wink-Start Signaling with answer supervision PCM Sampling Rate 8000 samples / second. Encoding Law Mu Law Bit Rate 1544 Kbps ± 50 ppm. Code AMI, B 8 ZS - Selectable Nominal Impedance 100 Ohms Standard (75 Ohms Optional) Connector RJ 45 (100 Ohms Impedance) Peak Voltage of a mark 3. 0 Volt 0. 3 Volt. For 100 Ohms Balanced Interface Pulse Mask As per ITU-T (CCITT) Rec. G. 703 Output Jitter <0. 05 UI (in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 100 KHz). Permissible Attenuation 6 d. B at 1 MHz Continue…. . Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 11

T 1 -GSM Return Loss at: 51. 2 KHz to 102. 4 KHz. > 12 d. B 102. 4 KHz to 2048 KHz > 18 d. B 2048 KHz to 3072 KHz > 14 d. B Jitter Tolerance As per ITU-T (CCITT) G. 823 Loss and Recovery of Frame Alignment As per Clause 3 of ITU-T(CCITT) G. 732 Loss and Recovery of Multi-Frame Alignment As per Clause 5. 2 of ITU-T(CCITT) G. 732 Power Supply Card Input DC voltage Range of input Output voltages Full Load Output Current Input Voltage Reversal Protection Over Current Protection Short Circuit Protection Under Voltage Over Voltage Efficiency at full load Ripple at full load Spike at full load Power Consumption Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 -48 V DC ( nominal ) -40 V to -60 V DC +5 V 18 A@5 VDC Provided in the Card 20 A for +5 V Current limit - 20 A. Recovers on removal of short < 4. 5 V 5. 4 V to 5. 6 V >80% <5 m. Vrms <50 m. V 120 Watts (Worst Case) Slide 12

T 1 -GSM Access Card Number of GSM Interfaces Type Compliance Approvals SIM Interface Internal Tray Voice Features DTMF 1 ~ 30 (Stackable, 1 thru 24). Dual Band EGSM 900 MHz and EGSM 1800 MHz. Compliant with ETSI GSM Phase 2+ standard (Normal MS) Class 4 (2 W @ 900 MHz) Class 1 (1 W @ 1800/1900 MHz) Fully Type Approved to GSM Standards Toolkit Class 2. 3 V Reader Full Rate, Enhanced Full Rate And Half-Rate (FR/EFR/HR) Dual Tone Multi Frequency. Function (DTMF) Dialing Support Alarms An alarm shall be displayed in LED L 1 / L 2 for the following reasons 1. Invalid SIM Card 2. Unregistered SIM Card 3. Faulty SIM Card 4. Faulty GSM Module 5. GSM Access Card Out of Range Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 13

T 1 -GSM Echo Canceller Card • Provides voice echo cancellation of up to 64 ms / 128 ms • Conforms to ITU-T G. 165 and ITU-T G. 168 • G. 164 /G. 165 disable tone detection • Non-Linear Processor with Comfort Noise Insertion • Narrow-Band Detector • Eliminates long echo tail. T 1 Echo Canceller - T 1 Interface (Optional) Number of Interfaces Conformity Frame Structure Signaling PCM Sampling Rate Encoding Law Bit Rate Code Nominal Impedance Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 2, 1 - Input (RJ-45) 1 - Output (RJ-45) G. 703 As per ITU (CCITT) G. 704 D 4, E&M Wink-Start Signaling 8000 Samples / sec Mu Law as per ITU (CCITT) G. 711 1544 Kbps ± 50 ppm HDB 3 100 balanced Continue…. Slide 14

T 1 -GSM Peak Voltage of a mark For 100 Balanced interface Peak Voltage of a space for 100 Balanced interface Nominal Pulse Width Pulse Mask Output Jitter Permissible Attenuation Return Loss at: 51. 2 KHz to 102. 4 Khz 102. 4 KHz to 2048 KHz to 3072 Khz Jitter Tolerance Loss and recovery of frame alignment : Loss and recovery of multiframe alignment : 3. 0 V ± 0. 3 V 244 ns as per ITU (CCITT) Rec. G. 703 < 0. 05 UI (in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 100 KHz) 6 d. B at 1 MHz > 12 d. B > 18 d. B > 14 d. B As per ITU (CCITT) G. 823 As per clause 3 of ITU (CCITT) G. 732 As per clause 5. 2 of ITU (CCITT) G. 732 Mechanical Specifications Rack Mounting Height Depth Width Weight Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Standard 19 Inch. DIN Rack 6 U (265 mm) 290 mm. 19 -inch (477 mm) 10. 5 Kg. Slide 15

T 1 -GSM Orion’s Products ü E 1, Voice & Data Drop-Insert Multiplexer ü PRI ISDN (Q. 931) Multiplexers ü E 1 Intelligent Channel Banks ü E 1 / T 1 DCME (Digital Circuit Multiplication Equipment) - Voice Compression Equipment ü Thin Route DCME ü E 1 / T 1 Echo Cancellers ü E 1 / T 1 Digital Cross Connect ü T 1 / E 1 Converters ü E 3, 34 Mbps Multiplexer ü 34 Mbps Optical Line Transmission Equipment (OLTE) ü STM 1 / STM 4 - SDH Equipment ü Remote Asset Management Systems Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 16

T 1 -GSM Thank you for your attention For more details visit us at our Web Site at http: //www. oriontelecom. com 16810, Avenue of Fountains, Suite # 108, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268, U. S. A. Phone: +1 (480) 816 -8672 Fax: +1 (480) 816 -0115 E-mail: sales@oriontelecom. com Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Slide 17