System Thinking and Transformational Skills Dr K Subbu

System Thinking and Transformational Skills Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian President, STIMS Institute Inc. Lexington, MA. USA Subbu. KDG@gmail. com www. stimsinstitute. com Workshop @ PSG College of Technology Coimbatore, India Jan. 18, 2017 Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian • B. S. (Mech. Engg. ) -- Osmania University, India, • D. Sc (Mech. Engg. ) – MIT, USA. (1977) • Experience: Basic research, new product development, new business development, new market development. Teaching, Training and Mentoring. • Established Technology Centers across the globe (USA, Germany, Japan, China, India and Brazil). • Grinding processes leading to Thin Film Magnetic Recording Heads and “Machining to Grinding” are among the many notable accomplishments of his teams. • Founded the STIMS Institute in June 2011. www. stimsinstitute. com. “The goal of our company is Knowledge Integration (i. e. ) to develop people and industrial outcomes (products, business models, education, etc. ) that exploit human skills as a parallel and in synergy with what computers can do (which is almost everything) !” • • Elected Fellow of ASME and author of two books. He continues to be engaged with research, teaching and mentoring. • Over the years, he has taught over 1000 engineers and managers in the industry from across the globe on System Thinking and Transformational Skills. He has mentored over 200 among them, who are now leaders in their own merit in industry and research. Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 2

References: • The system Approach – A strategy to survive and succeed in the Global Economy (2000) • Thriving in the 21 st century economy: Transformational skills for Technical Professionals (2013) Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

OUTLINE Binary Economy: What is it? How it is affecting all of us: Students, Teachers, Department, University, Industry and society at large? Need for relentless stream of “New Solutions”? System Thinking: What is a “Solution”? Every Solution viewed as a “system” Levels of System Thinking = Levels of Education? Awareness, Analysis, Synthesis Task execution (doing what you are asked to do) Vs. System Thinking Transformational Skills: What are they? Discover / Develop / Deploy “New Solutions” Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 4

Knowledge Economy • Every “Solution” is an: “input/transformation/output” System • “Outputs” of every professional solution are: • PRODUCT • PROCESS • Application / USE Process Cost Product Revenue USE Value Product USE Process Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com Profit, ROI Stake holder benefits,

Binary Economy The continuum of skills required is giving way to a well identified pair of or Binary needs. Unique Skills / Know-how HIGH Knowledge Integration From Resources Across the Globe Professional Output / Employee LOW New Solutions Replication Solutions Standardization, De-skilling, IT Automation Economy 1: Relatively large skills and their integration required from a small group of people. IT-driven Delocalization (Outsourcing, Offshoring) Economy 2: Relatively low skills required from a large group of people. 21 st Century Binary Economy FEW No. of people involved Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com MANY

Work – What is it ? Senior Mgt. Middle Mgt. White-Collar Jobs Blue-Collar Jobs Traditional Organization Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Work – How is it Changing? Stratification into four impermeable layers. Investment and Finance + + Professional Work (A) Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Work Smarter and Work Harder; Keep Jumping from Job to Job; Become Global; Higher Education; Interdisciplinary, ………. Information Work (B) “IT” Applications (Plug and Play Activities) Physical Labor (C) Routine Tasks (Standardization, de-skilling) • Knowledge of the products and services of the company : Limited to a few “Professionals” - System Thinkers and Solution Providers Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com Earned Income + “Global Capitalism” Non – Wage Income

Wage earning Work –? Physical Labor and Information work have fallen off the cliff Professional Work Non-wage Income (1%) Information Work Physical labor Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Who is a Professional? INPUT OUTPUT TRANSFORMATION Profesional’s Output: KNOWLEDGE and its USE --- A Information Work Physical Work --- B --- C Professional is a System Thinker and Knowledge Worker Professional’s Efficiency: PE Score = A / (A+B+C) Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Today there are two alternatives for high value addition/worker PE Score = Value Addition / Total Cost HIGH LOW PE Score = A ( A + B + C) A (A + B + C) Standardization, Automation, Distribution and Logistics High Customer Perceived Value addition/ unit New Solutions Cris is of Economy 1 FEW Replication Solutions the “ midd le ” Economy 2 No. of workers involved (or) No. of units produced. Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com MANY

Binary Innovation: Parallel streams of: New and Replication Solutions Technical / Professional Skills Required New Solutions : New Product, Process, and/or Use driven by core capability from all sources of knowledge Replication Solutions: Copy Exact, Toll manufacturing, Plug and Play, driven by IT applications. New Solutions Replication Solutions Volume Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 12

Source of Knowledge Academic Knowledge Experience People Skills Industry/ Specific Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com Transformational Skills

Transformational Skills • Emotional Intelligence for New Solutions • End-to-End Innovation Deploy X • Build Ecosystem for Core Technology Platforms • Emphasis on Science and Mobile Diagnostics Develop • System Thinking and Knowledge Integration • 3 -D View of Core Capabilities • Develop a Common Language X Discover / Define Each Transformational Skill is an opportunity to foster “System Thinking” and New Solutions Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 14

Sources of knowledge and their ordering Academic Education Skills for Transformation Industry Knowledge / Experience Academic Education (Primary Source of Knowledge) 20 st Century Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com Industry Knowledge / Experience Skills for Transformation End of 20 st Century

Mr. G. D. Naidu The Original System Thinker and Solution Provider? Early example for Transformational Skills? G. D. Naidu (Gopalaswamy Doraiswamy Naidu) (23 March 1893 – 4 January 1974) was an Indian inventor and engineer who is also referred to as the Edison of India. He is credited with the manufacture of the first electric motor in India. His contributions were primarily industrial but also span the fields of electrical, mechanical, agricultural (Hybrid cultivation) and automobile engineering. Naidu also developed independently internal combustion four stroke engine. • He had only primary education but excelled as a versatile genius. • He is also referred to as wealth creator of Coimbatore. https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gopalswamy_Doraiswamy_Naidu Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 16

Sources of “Knowledge” – for success in the 21 st Century Economy 20 th Century End of 20 th Century 21 st Century Legend: Academic Education: Industry / Sector / Application specific Skills: Transformational Skills: Four Year college degree or such higher education is not a pre-requisite for success in the 21 st Century Economy. Instead what is needed is an aptitude for problem solving and a relentless will to become useful to meet a need (TRANSFORMATIONAL SKILLS). Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Sources of knowledge and their ordering Transformational Skills Industry Knowledge Academic Education 21 st Century: Knowledge Integration (Orderly assemblage from the three sources) Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

AC ED AD UC EM AT IC IO N R TO EC ION /S T CA AL RI DU ST C E DU IFI IN EC SP New Solutions TRANSFORMATIONAL SKILLS - EDUCATION Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Transformational Skills • Emotional Intelligence for New Solutions • End-to-End Innovation Deploy X • Build Ecosystem for Core Technology Platforms • Emphasis on Science and Mobile Diagnostics Develop • System Thinking and Knowledge Integration • 3 -D View of Core Capabilities • Develop a Common Language X Discover / Define Transformational Skills are a set of skills to Discover, Develop and Deploy / Exploit a stream of New Solutions. Each Transformational Skill is an opportunity to foster “System Thinking” and New Solutions. Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 20

3 – D Core capabilities: T shaped thinkers. Breadth or Scope Finance/Mkt. Drivers Depth or Uniqueness Digital Technology Knowledge Professional Physical Technology People Skills Experience Science Engineering Management Department/ Project /Function Company/ Institute Enterprise Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

System Thinking Process: Integrated deployment of core capabilities as a system Investment / Machine Need / Component Transformation Technical Output Value or Benefit Expenses / Tooling Constraints / Operational factors Cause System Output Change Effect Science Engineering Operations Management Strategy: Y = F(X) Dr. K. (Subbu)=Subramanian Professional Solution = Technology STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Science X Engineering. X Management Knowledge X Exp. X People Skills Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Progressive Impact of “Science” and “Strategy” – Why? Backed Up by Diagnostic Tools Five Steps in the Scientific Approach and System Thinking to Problem Solving: —Diagnostics Equipment / Component / Technical System Investment Need —Problem Solving Output PROCESS Output Y = F(X) Transformation —Process Improvement (X) (Y) Tooling / Parameters / Expenses Constraints -—Process Maintenance In-Process —New Solution or Step Change Measurement In-Process Measurement Process Output Monitoring Diagnostic Tools >160% Process Improvement 120% 100% 80% Diagnostic Tools New Solution Technical / Engineering Solutions Economic / Business Solutions Base Line Problem resolution Why ? ? ? Diagnostics Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 23

Every “Project” is a “System” Equipment Supplies; Software; Tools KNOWLEDGE Technical Output Process Parameters/ Constraints Science Application Management Engineering Measurement Diagnostic Tools & Methods Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com What is the Outcome? System Output What are the benefits ? Project Management: – Awareness – Analysis – Synthesis 24

Knowledge Integration: Eco System Development Government University Research Sub-systems Target Industry Technology policies End user : Geography Application Core Technology Platform Administration Tier 3 suppliers Resources Equipment & Facilities Student Pool High School Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com Teachers/ Faculty

Eco System Development 6 Companies; 11 Projects; AGI – Io. T for Manufacturing 4. 0. Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Successful course offered by STIMS Institute at IIT – Madras, India Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Progressive Evolution of a professional through Transformational Skills. Sustainability Profession Career Job Assignment Impact Goal Activity Core Technology Platforms; EINS End-to-End Innovation New Solutions = System Thinking = Kn. Integration Tasks Transformational Skills Academic Edn. Ind. / Sector Edn. Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

Few questions to think about Before you leave WPI ? • Can you describe your Education, project or thesis as a "Input/Transformation/Output" system? • What do you understand as the difference between "New Solution" and "Replication solution"? • Do you agree: Technology = Science X Engineering X Management? • Do we need formal education on "Transformational Skills" ? If yes, how? • What do understand when we say: "Emotional Intelligence is a critical Transformational Skill for Innovation? " Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 29

SUMMARY • Binary Economy – Solution Creation Vs. Replication • It has been evolving since the 1980 s • Binary Economy spans all across the globe and impacts every sphere of activity • Jobs and Careers • Higher education • Projects, programs, work force development, …. • Companies and their performance, …. . • Success in the Binary Economy requires a relentless stream of New Solutions at every level and by every person. • New Solution = Input/Transformation/Output SYSTEM. • Three levels of System Thinking : • Awareness, Analysis and Synthesis • Discover, Develop and Deploy New Solutions • Success in System Thinking and Transformational Skills for new solutions can be achieved by formal education and proactive Industry – University Collaboration Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 30

Emerging models for eco-system development In India: • Internship and training with mentoring at established and progressive companies --- MGTL / STIMS model • Seeding targeted courses and education at a University followed by recruitment and training and mentoring at an established company Course Title: System Approach for Engineers --- TVS/ TCE / IIT – M/ STIMS model • University / Industry collaborative research model NGPG Machine tool development --- IIT – M/ MGTL/ IMTMA/ IMTTF/ STIMS • University / Industry/ Gov collaboration for Center of Excellence in Machine Tool and Production Technology ---- IIT – M/ Several companies/ IMTMA/ STIMS Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 31

Source of Knowledge KNOWLEDGE EXPERIENCE INTER – PERSONAL Skills SCIENCE Academic Programs Research Programs ENGINEERING PSG MANAGEMENT Industry, Community, Society SOCIETY INDUSTRY COMMUNITY Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com

What? Why? What are your needs? Why do you need them? Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com 33

Thank You Dr. K. (Subbu) Subramanian STIMS Institute (Science Based Technology Innovation and Management Solutions ) Subbu. KDG@gmail. com