Synovial structures Joint capsule Bursa Synovial sheaths 12242021

Synovial structures Joint capsule Bursa Synovial sheaths 12/24/2021 12: 35 AM

Busra Sac-like structures containing synovial fluid. Located between two structures which tend to rub against each other. Help reduce friction and structures so slide more easily past each other 12/24/2021 12: 35 AM

Synovial (tendon) sheaths Cylinders of connective tissue lined with synovial membrane and wrapped around a tendon. Between the tendon and underlying hard structure. Reduce friction. e. g. digital tendon sheath 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

General Myology 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

The scientific study of muscles is known as myology (myo= muscle; logy= study of). Muscular tissue accounts for ~45% of total body mass. 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

Types of muscular tissue ØSkeletal muscle Named because it moves bones of the skeleton. Is striated multinucleated fibers, the nuclei are peripherally located. Muscle fibers are not formed after birth. voluntary 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

ØCardiac Muscle Cells Striated, involuntary, branched, & uninucleate and are arranged in the form of network. Stimulated by autonomic nervous system. 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

ØSmooth Muscle Tissue Involuntary, non-striate, uninucleate spindle shaped cell. Found in the walls of small blood vessels and many visceral organs. Stimulated by autonomic nervous system. 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

arrangement of skeletal muscle fibers Ø parallel arrangement The muscle fibers arrange in parallel manner. e. g. abdominal muscles. ØFusiform arrangement The muscle fibers arrange in spindle shaped. e. g. flexors ØPennate arrangement The muscle fibers have feather like arrangement. 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

v. Unipennate: the fibers come from only one side. v. Bipennate: the fibers come from two sides. v. Multipennate: the fibers come from three or more sides

Attachment of skeletal muscle fibers A skeletal muscle has two or more attachments. the least movable attachment is called origin, while, the more movable attachment is called insertion. The attachment may be fleshy or tendinous. 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

Action of skeletal muscle fibers Extensors : triceps brachii M. Elbow joint Flexors: deltoid M. Shoulder joint Adductors: teres major M. arm Abductors: deltoid M. Arm Levators: levator labii maxillaris M. upper lip Depressor: depressor labii mandibulars M. lower lip Tensors: tensor fasciae antebrachii M. Sphincters: around the natural openings 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM

Name of skeletal muscles ØShape: serratus ØAction: retractor, extensor, flexor ØPosition: superficial, deep gluteal ØDirection of fibers: rectus abdominus ØNumber of divisions: biceps brachii ØAttachment: sternocephalic 12/24/2021 12: 36 AM ØSize: long digital extensor

Thank you for your attention 12/24/2021 12: 37 AM