Synovial Joints DIARTHROTIC ARTICULATIONS What are synovial joints

Synovial Joints DIARTHROTIC ARTICULATIONS

What are synovial joints? �Freely movable joints �Contain a cavity filled with thick, slippery fluid (Synovial fluid) �Found mostly in articulations of the appendicular skeleton

Articular Cartilage �Covers the ends of bones �Made of hyaline cartilage �Reduces friction between bones Cartilage wearing away causes pain and restricted motion

Types of synovial joints: �Gliding (plane) �Pivot �Hinge �Ball and socket �Elipsoid (Condyloid) �Saddle

Gliding or Plane joints: �Formed between 2 opposing flat surfaces �Bones slide over each other

Pivot Joints: �Rotation around an axis

Hinge Joints: �Part of one bone fits into a convex cavity in another bone. �Motion is in one plane, back and forth

Ball-and-Socket Joint �A round projection on one bone (head) fits into a depression (socket) on another bone. �Allows a wide range of motion �Easy to dislocate

Ellipsoid (Condyloid) Joints: �Modified ball and socket joints in which the head of a bone is similar in shape to a football �Moves in two axes, but restricts rotational motion

Saddle Joints �Made by 2 saddle-shaped surfaces at right angles to each other

The Knee Joint THE ARTICULATION OF 3 BONES

Bursa/e – Sacs filled with synovial fluid for cushioning ACL and PCL – Ligaments that connects the tibia to the femur Meniscus – crescentshaped fibrocartilage pads that help cushion joints

The Knee �A modified hinge joint �Allows flexion, extension, and limited rotation

Knee dislocation – owww!

Chicken Leg Dissection EXAMINATION OF THE KNEE JOINT