SWBAT Correctly summarize an article without plagiarizing Why

SWBAT: Correctly summarize an article without plagiarizing

Why do students plagiarize? • • • Ignorant of offense Procrastination Laziness Think their teachers don’t read it anyway Don’t know how to cite their sources correctly

Using the Correct Citations Citation Styles • MLA – English and the humanities (art, music, theater, dance, film, philosophy, religion, world languages ) • APA – psychology, nursing, education, business • Chicago (CMS) – history, education, business • CSE – biology • ACS – chemistry • APS – journalism • ASA – sociology • AMS – mathematics • SAA – anthropology TIP: USE THE REFERENCES OF THE ARTICLES YOU ARE SUMMARIZING TO DETERMINE THE FORMAT/STYLE TO USE!

Why do students plagiarize? • • • Ignorant of offense Procrastination Laziness Think their teacher’s don’t read it anyway Don’t know how to cite their sources correctly • Don’t understand the material they are reading

How to Write a Good Summary R H S Q

Step 1: Taking Notes • Write brief (not full sentences) blurbs or comments about the paragraphs or sentences in the article • Rephrase important concepts/sentences such as the question being addressed, hypothesis and general conclusions Reading/Taking Notes

Step 1: Taking Notes • Avoid using entire sentences from the article • Look at the notes you took only- Do they cover all the parts of the article? Are your notes sufficient that you can understand the article by reading the notes alone? • If not, go back and re-read sections of the article until your notes are clear Reading/Taking Notes

Step 2: Defining Vocabulary • Highlight vocabulary words you are unsure of • Look up the definitions of the words using an online dictionary or equivalent • Be sure you understand the definition, if not, use other resources to obtain an understanding of the word • Write the word and definition on a separate sheet of paper or notecards(USE YOUR OWN WORDS) Highlighting/Vocabulary

Step 3: Writing Your Summary • Transfer your notes into complete sentences and begin writing your summary/paper • Add in transition sentences if needed • Break up each section of the article by paragraphs (1 paragraph for the summary of introduction, 1 paragraph for summary of methodology, etc. ) Summarize

Step 4: List of Questions • Further understanding: What do you still not understand about the article? What did the authors do that confused you? What about the study surprised you? • Further studies: How can this study be used to address a specific problem? What can researchers do in a future study? What additional ideas did you develop from reading this article? How would you do this study different? Questions

How to Write a Good Summary Read/Take Notes Highlight/Vocabulary Summarize Questions Don’t forget your citation!

1 2 TEXT FROM ARTICLE: 1. Introduction Memory refers to the mental process of encoding, retaining, and retrieving information (Dzulkifli & Mustafar, 2013). How the human cognitive system deals with the memorization process remains the centre of research among cognitive psychologists. One of the most interesting and challenging questions in contemporary memory research is on ways to enhance human memory performance. Many variables have been advanced as contributing to the retrieval operations and such include colour (NIA, 2008; Pett &Wilson 1996). Colour is believed to be the most important visual experience of human beings (Dzulkifli & Mustafar, 2013). It functions as a powerful information channel to the human cognitive system and has been found to play a significant role in enhancing memory performance. Therefore, in searching for strategies to facilitate the learning process, colours must be recognized as capable of motivating students to learn and profit from their educational experiences. (Wichmann, Sharpe, & Gegenfurtner, 2002). Colour is used almost universally in the production of instructional materials, such as slides, filmstrips, motion pictures, video programmes. Printed instructional materials and computer assisted instruction are almost always produced in colour. Whether it is on a computer screen, in print form or even paint on a classroom wall, colour affects students' ability to learn. However, Nazzaro, (2008) notes that this attribute is often used without due consideration for what is known about it from research and practice (Nazzaro, 2008). Choosing an appropriate colour for any Power. Point presentation or any tutorial is as an impetus for learning. NOTES & VOCAB: (may be on separate paper or notecards): Cognitive (cognition): the process of obtaining and filtering information (dictionary. com) Improving memory is still significant in research Color is important for memory Color used often in education “Appropriate” colors drive and encourage learning Impetus: the driving force, stimulus, momentum (dictionary. com)

Example of a summary assignment of a Journal article (RHSQ): Citation: Olurinola, O. , and Tayo, O. (2015) Colour in Learning: It’s Effect on the Retention Rate of Graduate Students. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(14), pp. 1 -5 Vocabulary list: (dictionary. com) Cognitive (cognition): the process of obtaining and filtering information Impetus: the driving force, stimulus, momentum Summary of Introduction (paragraphs 1 -2): Understanding and improving memory is still a significant and difficult area of research. Studies have shown that color plays an important part in memory. Colors are used in education, but it is important to use “appropriate” colors in order to drive and encourage learning. Questions: • Is the color of the text more important than the background color? Which one has more of an effect on memory? • Does an individual’s personal experience with color impact their memory? • How does the age of a student impact their experiences and memories with colors?

Assignment: RHSQ One journal article (approx. 4 hours) Due Tuesday October 16 th by 3 pm • (Cannot be emailed, must be handed in with RHSQed article, including notecards, if applicable) • 10 points off for each day late Graded using a rubric (see last slide) • See Rubric for grading guidelines

Using the suggestions discussed, do the following activities: • Find and print a Journal article of your choice, preferably one related to your topic of interest. • Using the same format used in your article (varies by subject), write a correct citation to use in referencing your article. Type, Save & Print • Highlight any vocabulary words, look them up, and create a Word document of all the vocabulary words and definitions. There might be quite a few! Type, Save, & Print.

• Take notes in the margins (or on notecards) for the entire Journal article. • Using your notes, write a summary of the article, being sure to cover each section of the article: (approx. 1 page). Type, Save, & Print – Introduction and/or Review of Literature – Question & Hypothesis – Materials & Methods (Methodology) – Results & Data Analysis – Discussion & Conclusions • Write 3 questions you have about this article. Type, Save, & Print

SWBAT: Correctly summarize an article without plagiarizing