SWATMODFLOW Workshop Prepared By Ryan T Bailey Dept
SWAT-MODFLOW Workshop Prepared By: Ryan T. Bailey Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University rtbailey@engr. colostate. edu 1
Outline of Workshop 1. Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW 2. Details of MODFLOW 3. Details of SWAT-MODFLOW 4. Setting up a SWAT-MODFLOW Model 5. Groundwater Contaminant Transport using RT 3 D 2
Outline of Workshop 1. Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW 2. Details of MODFLOW 3. Details of SWAT-MODFLOW 4. Setting up a SWAT-MODFLOW Model 5. Groundwater Contaminant Transport using RT 3 D 3
Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW Overview MODFLOW Motivation Improve groundwater flow (and solute transport) processes in SWAT Method Link SWAT with physically-based, spatially-distributed groundwater models SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 4
Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Linking 3 Models: SWAT MODFLOW - Groundwater model - 3 D finite difference RT 3 D - Reactive transport - 3 D finite difference Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 5
Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW Overview SWAT MODFLOW RT 3 D Linking 3 Models: MODFLOW ET SWATMODFLOW Volatilization Uptake Setting up Simulation RT 3 D ow and fl t l r e v O r anspo and tr Water Table Ru nof f Stream stage Solute transport l Latera Flow Groundwater discharge N, P mass loading Plant Growth Root Zone Processes Vadose Zone Percolation, Transport canal Pumping Well N, P Concentration Groundwater flow N, P reactive transport Confining Layer 6
Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW Timeline of Code Development Overview 1. SWAT-MODFLOW code development MODFLOW 2. Add RT 3 D (contaminant transport) SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 3. Test for Several Watersheds 4. Distribute (Publications, Workshops) 5. Add MODFLOW to SWAT Modular code 6. Develop User Interface (linkage, simple MODFLOW) 7
Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW Contributors / Funding Overview Tyler Wible (Research Associate, CSU) MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation Mazdak Arabi (Associate Professor, CSU) Katrin Beiger (Texas A&M Agri. Life) Hendrik Rathjens (Purdue University) Xiaolu Wei (Ph. D candidate, CSU) Jeff Arnold (ARS) RT 3 D 8
Outline of Workshop 1. Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW 2. Details of MODFLOW 3. Details of SWAT-MODFLOW 4. Setting up a SWAT-MODFLOW Model 5. Groundwater Contaminant Transport using RT 3 D 9
MODFLOW Introduction to Groundwater Modeling Overview A H 1 MODFLOW Q SWATMODFLOW Q H 1 Sand Setting up Simulation RT 3 D L Q H 2 Screen Q H 2 10
MODFLOW Introduction to Groundwater Modeling Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation Cons. of Mass + RT 3 D Cons. of Momentum (Darcy’s Law) 11
MODFLOW Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Unconfined Setting up Simulation Aquifer Darcy’s Law RT 3 D 12
MODFLOW Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D Unconfined Aquifer Confined Aquifer 13
MODFLOW Introduction to Groundwater Modeling Overview 1. Finite Difference MODFLOW 2. Finite Element SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 14
MODFLOW Introduction to Groundwater Modeling Overview 1. Finite Difference MODFLOW 2. Finite Element SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 15
MODFLOW Overview Most widely used groundwater flow model 3 D Flow MODFLOW • Layered systems SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation • Heterogeneous K • Spatial sources/ sinks • Time-variable sources/sinks • Unconfined/Confined RT 3 D 16
MODFLOW Packages Overview • Streamflow routing MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW • Surface water routing • Lake-Groundwater interaction • Reservoir-Groundwater interaction Setting up Simulation • Unsaturated zone flow • Subsidence and aquifer-system compaction RT 3 D • Seawater intrusion 17
MODFLOW Packages Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 18
MODFLOW Basic Inputs Overview 3 D Grid Lower Arkansas River Valley MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW 250 m x 250 m grid Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 19
MODFLOW Basic Inputs Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Sources and Sinks • Pumping • Canal seepage • Infiltration (rainfall, irrigation) 250 m x 250 m grid Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 20
MODFLOW Basic Inputs Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Aquifer Parameters K 250 m x 250 m grid Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 21
MODFLOW Basic Inputs Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Aquifer Parameters Sy 250 m x 250 m grid Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 22
MODFLOW Basic Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 23
MODFLOW Basic Inputs Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Time Step information Stress Period: time interval during which input data for all external stresses are constant (divided into time steps) Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 24
MODFLOW Example – Little River Watershed Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW • 3 D Steady flow model • Homogeneous K Setting up Simulation RT 3 D http: //nsidc. org/data/docs/daac/nsidc 0329_ smex 03_little_river_micronet_ga. html 25
MODFLOW Example – Little River Watershed Overview MODFLOW Grid Aquifer Thickness 2 -10 m MODFLOW River Cells SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation • K = 70 m/day • R = 1. 7 mm/day RT 3 D Active Cells 26
MODFLOW Example Simulations – Little River Watershed Overview Simulation Results MODFLOW Groundwater Head Depth to Water Table SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 27
MODFLOW Input Files Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 28
MODFLOW Running Simulation Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 29
MODFLOW Viewing Output Overview Head file (. hed) MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 30
MODFLOW Viewing Output Overview Head file (. hed) GIS MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 31
MODFLOW Viewing Output Overview MODFLOW Head and Flow file(. hff) Aquifer / River interaction Leaving Aquifer SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation Entering Aquifer RT 3 D 32
MODFLOW Viewing Output Overview MODFLOW Head and Flow file(. hff) Aquifer / River interaction Groundwater Discharge to Streams SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 33
Outline of Workshop 1. Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW 2. Details of MODFLOW 3. Details of SWAT-MODFLOW 4. Setting up a SWAT-MODFLOW Model 5. Groundwater Contaminant Transport using RT 3 D 34
SWAT-MODFLOW Objective: Pass data between SWAT and MODFLOW Overview MODFLOW SWAT HRUs Recharge Grid Cells SWATMODFLOW Channels Setting up Simulation RT 3 D Stream Stage GW Discharge River Cells 35
SWAT-MODFLOW Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D Linking SWAT and MODFLOW: SWAT Daily Interactions Soil percolation Potential ET not satisfied River Stage Pumping required N, P in percolating water N, P in stream water MODFLOW Water Table height GW/SW Interaction Groundwater flows, sources/sinks 36
SWAT-MODFLOW Linking Procedure: Overview 1. HRU Grid Recharge 2. River Cells Subbasin GW Discharge (Pre-processing tools) MODFLOW Disaggregated HRUs SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D MODFLOW Grid 37
SWAT-MODFLOW Linking Files Overview 4 “Linking” Files swatmf_dhru 2 hru. txt MODFLOW swatmf_dhru 2 grid. txt SWATMODFLOW swatmf_grid 2 dhru. txt swatmf_river 2 grid. txt Setting up Simulation HRU ID # of DHRUs Subbasin ID DHRU IDs % Area of DHRU contributing to HRU RT 3 D 38
SWAT-MODFLOW Linking Files Overview 4 “Linking” Files swatmf_dhru 2 hru. txt MODFLOW swatmf_dhru 2 grid. txt SWATMODFLOW swatmf_grid 2 dhru. txt swatmf_river 2 grid. txt Setting up Simulation RT 3 D MODFLOW Cell ID # of DHRUs contributing to cell DHRU IDs % Area of cell that is occupied by DHRU 39
SWAT-MODFLOW Linking Files Overview 4 “Linking” Files swatmf_dhru 2 hru. txt MODFLOW swatmf_dhru 2 grid. txt SWATMODFLOW swatmf_grid 2 dhru. txt swatmf_river 2 grid. txt Setting up Simulation RT 3 D DHRU ID # of Cells contributing to DHRU Row number of Cells Column number of Cells % Area of DHRU occupied by cell 40
SWAT-MODFLOW Linking Files Overview 4 “Linking” Files swatmf_dhru 2 hru. txt MODFLOW swatmf_dhru 2 grid. txt SWATMODFLOW swatmf_grid 2 dhru. txt swatmf_river 2 grid. txt Setting up Simulation RT 3 D River Cell ID # of Subbasins that cell intersects Subbasin IDs Length of channel in Cell 41
SWAT-MODFLOW Linking Files Overview Additional File swatmf_link. txt MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 42
SWAT-MODFLOW Code Structure Overview MODFLOW Read/Allocate MODFLOW Read SWAT-MODFLOW linkage files simulate Years Days SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation command Surface Aquifer 1: subbasin (hru calculations) 19: MODFLOW Map SWAT Grid HRU values disaggregated HRUs (DHRUs) DHRUs Grid cells Recharge River stage MODFLOW River cells RT 3 D Run MODFLOW Map Grid SWAT GW Discharge Subbasin streams Routing 2: Route 43
SWAT-MODFLOW Calling MODFLOW at Specified Times Overview MODFLOW Linkage Frequency: SWATMODFLOW User-specified mf_interval Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 1. If > mf_interval: 2. If mf_interval > : = mf_interval Multiple time steps when MODFLOW runs 44
SWAT-MODFLOW Example Simulations Overview Upper Klamath MODFLOW Model - USGS (2012) - 1970 -2004 - 100, 000 grid cells MODFLOW SWAT Model SWATMODFLOW Sprague Watershed Setting up Simulation RT 3 D SWAT Model Records et al (2014) Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 18: 4509– 4527 45
SWAT-MODFLOW Example Simulations Overview MODFLOW SWAT MODFLOW Linkage Annual Recharge SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 46
SWAT-MODFLOW Example Simulations Overview MODFLOW Simulation Results Water Table Elevation SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 47
SWAT-MODFLOW Example Simulations Overview MODFLOW SWAT Linkage Groundwater Discharge to Streams SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 48
Outline of Workshop 1. Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW 2. Details of MODFLOW 3. Details of SWAT-MODFLOW 4. Setting up a SWAT-MODFLOW Model 5. Groundwater Contaminant Transport using RT 3 D 49
Setting up a Simulation SWAT Model Overview MODFLOW 240 Subbasins 6, 233 HRUs SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 50
Setting up a Simulation MODFLOW Model Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 51
Setting up a Simulation Linking Files Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 52
Setting up a Simulation Linking Files Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation GIS Operations 4 Tables 4 Input Files hru_dhru swatmf_dhru 2 hru. txt dhru_grid FORTRAN Code swatmf_dhru 2 grid. txt grid_dhru swatmf_grid 2 dhru. txt river_grid swatmf_river 2 grid. txt RT 3 D 53
Setting up a Simulation Linking Files Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation GIS Operations 4 Tables 4 Input Files hru_dhru swatmf_dhru 2 hru. txt dhru_grid FORTRAN Code swatmf_dhru 2 grid. txt grid_dhru swatmf_grid 2 dhru. txt river_grid swatmf_river 2 grid. txt RT 3 D 54
Setting up a Simulation Linking Files Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 55
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Run Simulation Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 56
Setting up a Simulation Running Simulation Overview 1. SWAT Input Files MODFLOW 2. MODFLOW Input Files SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation • modflow_LRW. dis, last line: change “SS” to “TR” 3. “swatmf_link. txt” 4. “swatmf_” linkage files RT 3 D 5. SWAT_MODFLOW. exe Run! 57
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW 1. Spatially-variable recharge 2. Groundwater hydraulic head 3. Hydraulic head fluctuation 4. Groundwater discharge to stream network Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 58
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network swatmf_out_MF_recharge SWATMODFLOW m 3/day (for each grid cell) Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 59
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network swatmf_out_MF_recharge SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 60
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network modflow. hed Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 61
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network Depth to Water Table modflow. hed modflow. dis Ground Surface Elevation Hydraulic Head 62
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network swatmf_out_MF_obs Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 63
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network swatmf_out_MF_obs Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 64
Setting up a Simulation Viewing Results Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW 1. 2. 3. 4. Spatially-variable recharge Groundwater hydraulic head Hydraulic head fluctuation Groundwater discharge to stream network swatmf_out_MF_gwsw Groundwater Discharge to Streams Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 65
Outline of Workshop 1. Overview of SWAT-MODFLOW 2. Details of MODFLOW 3. Details of SWAT-MODFLOW 4. Setting up a SWAT-MODFLOW Model 5. Groundwater Contaminant Transport using RT 3 D 66
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Introduction Overview Reactive Transport in 3 Dimensions MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D Dispersion Advection Reactions (first-order kinetics) Sources and Sinks 67
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Introduction Overview Reactive Transport in 3 Dimensions MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D • Finite Difference Method • Same grid as MODFLOW • Flows/SS from MODFLOW 68
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Overview Linking 3 Models: SWAT Soil percolation Potential ET not satisfied River Stage Pumping required MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D N, P in percolating water N, P in stream water MODFLOW Water Table height GW/SW Interaction Groundwater flows, sources/sinks RT 3 D N, P concentrations in vadose zone Mass of N, P to/from Surface Water N, P concentrations in saturated zone 69
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Code Structure Overview MODFLOW Read/Allocate MODFLOW / RT 3 D simulate Years Days command SWATMODFLOW 1: subbasin (hru calculations) 19: MODFLOW / RT 3 D Setting up Simulation RT 3 D Map SWAT Grid HRU values disaggregated HRUs (DHRUs) DHRUs Grid cells NO 3 in percolation River stage MODFLOW River cells NO 3 in river water Run MODFLOW Run RT 3 D Denitrification Map Grid SWAT GW Discharge Subbasin streams NO 3 loading Subbasin streams 2: Route 70
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Example Simulations (Klamath Basin) Overview MODFLOW Simulation Results Nitrate Concentration in Groundwater SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 71
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Example Simulations (Klamath Basin) Overview MODFLOW Simulation Results Groundwater Nitrate Loading to Streams SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 72
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Files Overview MODFLOW Advection Dispersion SWATMODFLOW Reactions Source/Sink Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 73
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Run Simulation Overview MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 74
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Running Simulation Overview 1. SWAT Input Files MODFLOW 2. MODFLOW Input Files SWATMODFLOW Setting up Simulation RT 3 D • modflow_LRW. dis, last line: change “SS” to “TR” 3. “swatmf_link. txt” 4. “swatmf_” linkage files 5. SWAT_MODFLOW. exe 6. RT 3 D Input Files (and folder) 7. “swatmf_link. txt”: set “rt_active” to “ 1” Run!
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Viewing Results Overview 1. 2. Groundwater NO 3 Concentration Groundwater NO 3 loading to streams MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW rt 3 d_no 3 grid Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 76
SWAT-MODFLOW-RT 3 D Viewing Results Overview 1. 2. MODFLOW SWATMODFLOW Groundwater NO 3 Concentration Groundwater NO 3 loading to streams grams of NO 3 -N Ssmass_no 3 Leaving Aquifer Setting up Simulation RT 3 D 77
Thank you for your Participation! 78
- Slides: 78