Swachh Warangal Training Programme for Toilet Builders 2016

Session No. xx Introduction to Superstructure Mason’s Training Programme on Toilet construction CASS, March 2016

What is a superstructure? 3

A superstructure is • Enclosed structure • Safe and private • Used for defecation 4

Some examples of superstructure 5

Why is superstructure important? 6

Protection and Prevention Protection from animals and insects Safe and Private 7

Protection and Prevention Prevents unpleasant odor Prevents feces exposure to insects and other vectors 9

Features of a good super structure Enclosed from all the side to ensure privacy and safety Ensure all weather usage Properly ventilated 10

Superstructures made of different material 11

Superstructures made of different material (e. g. ) Jute Plastic Wood Brick 12

Design of Roof and Wall Requirements Wall and Roof 1. All sides must be covered 2. Door must have a lock and be hinged to one end. 3. Appropriate arrangement for cross ventilation 4. Provision for natural light during day 5. Base of the toilet must be at least 1 feet above the ground level to prevent ground water intrusion. 6. Roof must withstand variations in weather such as windy, rainy, sunlight etc. 7. At least 16 Sq. feet of space 14

Design of Pan Requirements Pan • Slope of the pan must be atleast 25 degree – Saves water • Material of the pan must be smooth for easy movement of faeces • Pedestal must be kept at appropriate distance – usually 250 - 300 feet 15

Design of Smell Trap Requirements Pour-flush • At-least 3 inch pipe diameter • At least 20 mm water seal UDDT • Provision for handle is a must • Lid must not slide into the hole – Circular lids 16

Design Considerations Community and Public Toilets 17

Community Toilet – Norms for toilet seats One seat for 35 men, one seat for 25 women, adequate bathing facilities Public Toilets – Norms for toilets seats: 18

Construction of Individual Household Toilet 19

Video 20

Any further questions? … Thank You! 21