Sustainergy 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 6

‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 NEW APPROACH FOR UNDERFLOOR HEATING WITH THE USAGE OF PHASE CHANGING MATERIALS Herman Yuval (Israel) Sorrentino Elisa (Italy) Mordechai Lihen (Israel)

Why improve energy consumption in buildings ? • Consumes about 40% of the world’s energy. • Are responsible for 50% of the CO 2 emissions. ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 2

Figure 1: energy use for heating Infra - red under-floor heating ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 3

Radiant under-floor heating advantages - Heating uniformity - Energy consumption reduces by 20 - 40% - Heat as sunrays -in term of health Figure 2: Comparison between conventional and radiant heating ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 4

Comparison of Radiant Heat Technologies Features Covered Area Heating Wire Water Based Cables Heating Ribbons 5%-10% 1%-3% 20%-30% Poor Excellent 50 -60°C 30 -40° C Insulation layer cost High Medium Low Energy Consumption High Medium Low-Medium Heating Uniformity Working Temperature 5

Disadvantages of the best existing underfloor heating systems • Energy consumption remains high • Heating system coverage of the floor is only up to 30% • Heating uniformity is relatively bad • Safety issues (may develop flames) ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 6

Our Goals To improve thermal comfort To improve energy efficiency To reduce the electricity bill ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 7

Our idea - PCM floor PCM Floor Heating Mat Insulation material Floor Slab Figure 3: Structure of the new floor 8

What are PCMs? Figure 4: Pcms action Figure 5: Pcms melting point graph 9

Why use Paraffin as our PCM? Melting point: 18 -22°C Heating fusion: 172 kj/kg Cost : 2. 5 - 3. 5 $/Kg Figure 6: paraffin PCM 10

Heating Estimations Calculations for 1 m 2 of the floor BASF ‘s Micronal P. C. M panel L= 330 k. J/m 2 P = 100 W = 0. 1 KJ/s S= 1 m 2 L= latent heat capacity P= thermal power S= area t= time Q= thermal energy ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 11

Using Electricity differential tariff for our on the system benefit 23: 00 to 6: 00 – 0. 7×normal tariff figure 7: Israel tariff The PCM floor allows to switch the system on only during night time ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 12

Heating Estimations Calculations for 1 m 2 of the floor Amount of the PCM Can gain energy for: Existing Micronal panel with 15% of PCM Our P. C. M floor with 90% of PCM ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 1 h 6 h 13

Cooling of the floor Cooling time: 18 h Cooling power: P= Q/t p= 33. 3 W/m 2 Figure 8: Heating loss from a house ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 14

Advantages of new heater • Energy saving – till 15% • Floor temperature close to the room temperature • High covered area - till 90% • Long life time • High safety Figure 9: New approach for heating systems 15

CONCLUSION We improved thermal comfort by providing a heating uniformity inside the room through the whole day. We reduced the electricity bill by switching the system on for only 7 hours in cheapest time. We improved energy efficiency by using a new heating system that prevents energy lost by covering more surface. ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 16

How we see the future of PCM usage? • Heating panels with high Latent Heat • Panel weight reducing • High surface area of heating elements • Walls with PCM material • Roof with PCM material • Wind or solar panels provide electricity ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 17

References • http: //www. apartmenttherapy. com/on-the-horizon-building-with-p-124682 • http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Economy_7 • http: //www. micronal. de/portal/basf/ien/dt. jsp? set. Cursor=1_290798 • http: //www. lowex. info/projekte/Importe/projekt 08/Techn%20 data%20 PCM%20 Smart. Boar d%20 E. pdf • http: //www. lowex. info/projekte/Importe/projekt 08/FL_Smart. Board_e. pdf • http: //www. cmsl. co. nz/assets/sm/5720/61/1635 Alice. Harland. pdf ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 18

THANK YOU! For every one who helped us during these past few months, days and hours. To Naama, our advisors, Eli , the judges and everyone else we forgot… 19

Ribbons versus Wires Carpet Normal tariff in UK 17, 85 kw/h • Faster warming Night tariff 0, 7*17, 85=12. 49 kw/h • Energy saving • Cheap insulation layer • Uniform heat ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 20

Calculations for the PCM floor taken from Micronal’s PCM panel Characteristics of the Micronal panel: • Thickness: 15 mm • Width: 1250 mm • Length: 2000 mm • Weight: 11, 5 kg/m² • Operating temp. 23°C or 26°C • Latent heat capacity : 330 k. J/m² • Specific heat capacity: 1. 20 k. J/kg K • Heat conductivity: 0. 134 W/m K ‘Sustainergy’ 2 nd International Youth Competition 2 -6 March 2013 21