Sustainable development transport Road Transport Problems we are
Sustainable development --transport Road Transport
Problems we are facing: (1) Traffic congestion in Inner City In the inner city, such as Mongkok, Tsim Sha Tsui, Yau Ma Tei, etc… Causes: -Roads are comparatively narrow. -Big trucks stop to load and unload goods Block the roads which are already narrow -Traffic lights cannot effectively control the flow of vehicles.
Effects: -Time-consuming -Concentration of air pollutants -Noise pollution -Worsen the living environment of the inner city lower the living quality of residents
Therefore, we need a solution…. Intelligent Transportation System!
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Source 1 It refers to efforts to add information and communications technology to transport infrastructure and vehicles in an effort to manage factors that typically are at odds with each other, such as vehicles, loads, and routes to improve safety and reduce vehicle wear, transportation times, and fuel consumption. --- Definition of ITS from wikipedia 1(a) State the purpose of ITS, as reflected in Source 1 (2 marks) (b) What is the author attitude towards ITS ? (3 marks) (c) How can ITS improve the existing transportation problems ? Explain with reference to Source 1, and using your own knowledge (5 marks)
ITS in Hong Kong developed and carried out by the Transport department E. g. (1) Automatic toll collection system (2) red light cameras and speed enforcement cameras ITS-HK An organization on ITS study and reaesarch in Hong Kong
Traffic light (with sensing system) Sensing area
Sustainable development? ? -Reduce the amount of retained air pollutants -Increase accessibility of the area -improve living standard of the residents in inner city - technology already existed (even in China) cost on developing the technology is saved
(2) Traffic congestion in CBD In Central Distric during rush hour (usually 5: 00 -7: 00 a. m. & 5: 00 -7: 00 p. m. , when people commute) Major cause lots of people travel to their workplace by private cars Amount of vehicles exceed the capacity of roads Traffic congestion in Gloucester Road (common scene in rush hour)
11: 00 8: 00 a. m. Applying ITS Congestion pricing gantry (Shut down) Congestion price charged using autopay system CBD
Sustainable development ? ? Discourage unnecessary entry of vehicles to CBD during rush hour -- Relieve the congestion problem -- Reduce the urgency of building new roads Encourage people to go to work place using Public transport (e. g. MTR) --- Reduce air pollution in CBD Fees collected can be used on city improvement project successful examples from other countries A congestion pricing gantry in Singapore This system is successful in solving congestion problem in cities of Singapore
(3) Traffic congestion after traffic accident -There accidents happening on the highways Standard procedure (1) Accident happened (2) Drivers witness the accident (3) Drivers stop their cars at the road shoulder (4) Dial 999 (5) The 999 center contact the related departments such as the police , the fire department etc. (6)Arrive at the accident scene Need a lot of time lead to a longer disruption Road shoulder (reserved area of the highway for emergency event)
Applying ITS Introduce Emergency vehicle notification systems (EVNS) Present situation in Hong Kong In Tsing Ma Control Area , CCTV cameras is used to monitor the road Centre receive the image to see if accidents had happened Problem of blind point of the cameras If EVNS is applied Every vehicles will be equipped with a mobile phone
Within seconds, the centre know the accurate location of the accident Contact related department Arrive to the scene quickly Update the digital traffic sign
Sustainable development ? ? Do not need to build large infrastructure (just to equip mobile phones on vehicles & build small antenna) Not very costly Less impact on natural environment Raise the efficiency of rescue effort (increase the chance of survival of accident’s victims) Minimize the traffic congestion caused by road accidents
(4) Traffic congestion in Cross Harbor Tunnel (CHT) -Too crowded in the CHT, especially at rush hours. -Western and Eastern Harbor Crossing not fully used. Causes: -- Locational advantages of CHT: Hung Hom Causeway Bay EHC: Chao Kwo Ling Quarry Bay WHC: West Kowloon Sai Ying Pun -- Price difference For private car CHT: $20 EHC: $25 WHC: $45 Name maximum usage (per day) Actual usage (per day) CHT 80, 000 122, 900 EHC 100, 000 64, 005 WHC 180, 000 46, 984
Possible solution: The three tunnels are built by using BOT method Built by private enterprise Operate by private enterprise for 30 years Transfer to government after 30 years CHT: already returned EHC: to be returned in 2016 WHC: to be returned in 2023 Government: Give pressure to EHC and WHC company adjust their price
Sustainable development? --balance the usage of the 3 tunnels relieve traffic congestion problem in CHT --Relieve the urgency of building a new cross harbor tunnel prevent further damage to the harbour --- lower transportation burden of people using EHC and WHC
Group List Henry Chan (1) No: TMN 0147 NZ Role: Crew resource management Joe Ho (2) No: TMN 0532 QF Role: Aircraft development , strategic financing Tamama Leung (4) No: TMN 0007 AA Role: spying / seducing activities, Art and craft Kururu Tam (6) No: TMN 1755 UA Role: Bodyguard of TC The End
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