Sustainable Access to Hayward CSUEB Parking Structures vs

Sustainable Access to Hayward CSUEB Parking Structures vs. Bee. Line Bus

Current access • Car - Parking Permits cost $195 • AC transit Bus Route 60 - Runs every 20 minutes & costs $2. 35 person • Campus Shuttle free for students • Walk and bike • Taxi, Lyft, carshare/rental

The Master Plan: Parking Structures Table 18 Parking Counts Surface/Structure • • 4, 400 parking spaces in five parking structures Structure #1 for 1, 100 cars by 2017 was stopped by litigation Non-auto access is not prioritized over auto Structured parking would be subsidized No. Parking Spaces 1 Structure 1, 100 2 Structure 1, 400 3 Structure 900 4 Structure 500 5 Structure 500 Structured Parking Spaces 4, 400 A Surface 65 B Surface 745 C Surface 440 D Surface 400 E Surface 90 F Surface 190 G Surface 120 Misc. Campus Surface 250 Surface Parking Spaces 2, 300 Total Parking Spaces 6, 700

Beeline Bus Fast, frequent, free • Fast: 8 minutes, BART to campus • Frequent: every 10 minutes, before 8 am to after 10 pm • Free: Students ride free • Bus competes favorable with driving times and meets student financial and travel-time-topurpose budget needs.

Fast • Small, maneuverable buses: 30 feet long, 30 passengers • Signal preemption turns lights green for bus • Right lane queue jumping: all cars stop at intersection while bus jumps ahead going straight through in right lane • Electric motor torque for fast hill climbing at 40 mph

Fast • Fast boarding, short dwell time at bus stops: o Low floor level with raised sidewalks (no step) o Guided docking for small gap o Prepaid fares; no fare collection by driver o Proof of purchase and educational enforcement o Stops on campus close to buildings, short walk distance

A sustainable bus • High tech, clean, fuel efficient, diesel - electric dual mode motor or all electric • Going downhill, regenerative braking recovers energy • Can run on sustainable biodiesel or solar electric Result: energy efficiency and sustainability

CSUEB Beeline Bus Route

Stops: campus, Bayview Village, Mission Blvd. @Carlos Bee, Highland, Fletcher, B/C St. , Hayward BART

The Beeline Bus • Replaces need for a parking structure • Serves sustainable development of Mission corridor, not just end points • Helps enrollment growth with convenient, fast transit access • Serves other users, not just students • Supports living without a car • Increases access while decreasing traffic

Is BART too expensive? • Owning a car is expensive: The average cost per mile for a car is high to buy, insure, maintain, operate. • But the marginal cost of driving is low: gasoline is only about 18% of the average cost. • BART plus car is expensive; BART with no car is affordable. • The Beeline Bus and BART support mobility without owning a car, saving money - no car costs, no parking fees • BART + Bee. Line Bus is very affordable.

• Needed: Update study of Bee. Line Headcounts, parking, permits, parking financial model • Class schedules, enrollment by time of day, classroom buildings, travel time summation • Student home zips, routes to campus, City/ACTC traffic counts, ACTC traffic model, student time budgets • Bus ridership, service plan, park-ride, bus garage • Financing, capital and operating, class pass • Ridership; cost-effectiveness; Trans. Metro data

Study cost of structure • Parking structures should pay their own way with a charge for each use based on the full cost: land, allin construction, and operations. • Many of the costs are non-monetary: induced traffic and congestion, safety, health, pollution, greenhouse gasses, and auto dependency. • Parking structures only gain the number of spaces on upper levels minus those used at ground level to support the structure. • Structured parking should not be subsidized by increasing the cost of surface parking. • People are unlikely to pay such a high price and transit is likely to be much more cost-effective.

Update elasticity analysis • Compares travel time from BART to campus • Includes travel time of all trip stages • Includes drive alone, AC bus, and Beeline Bus, • Driving includes hunt for space, park, walk in • Beeline Bus faster than driving after 10 am?

Old elasticity analysis Time Comparison, typical trip on bus corridor, estimate All trips start near Hayward BART to center of library AC 60 Bus Beeline Bus Drive alone on campus time miles looking for a parking space and parking 2. 0 walking to bus 1. 0 0. 1 average wait for bus 10. 0 5. 0 riding on bus 18. 0 4. 2 8. 0 2. 2 driving with no congestion via Hayward Blvd. and new access to parking lot G looking for a parking space and parking walk to center of library building total 2. 0 0. 1 33. 0 4. 4 9. 0 2. 5 1. 0 17. 0 0. 1 2. 4 3. 0 6. 0 18. 0 0. 2 2. 9

Update Estimate of Ridership • Travel time is the single most important factor affecting mode choice; then cost • The Beeline bus can be faster than driving for about one third of students who come through downtown Hayward from the north on way to campus • If about one third of the one third road the bus, it works • Students avoid paying for a $130 parking permit

Update Financial Estimates • Capital cost for a two - bus system - $2. 86 million • Beeline Bus similar or less cost as parking structure • Yearly amortization and operating - $792, 000 • Parking fine revenue about $47, 00 per year • Fare revenue about $50, 400 per year • Parking permit revenue from about 4, 460 surface spaces pays for surface parking and bus • At 4. 95 permits sold per space per year, 34, 208 permits would be sold • Bus cost would be about $20 per parking permit

Steps after update • Present updated research to faculty and administrators • Get a consultant for further feasibility planning: o Financial feasibility, elasticity, costeffectiveness o Preliminary engineering estimates for capital and operating cost o Parking fees and fines; Class pass o Phased Trans. Metro upgrades o City of Hayward and ROW upgrades

The Bigger Picture • Phase One BART to campus is just one part of a larger system of transportation and land use • Big picture thinking with pragmatic, incremental implementation can achieve sustainability • Instead of pavement and parking structures, get better use of campus land: residence halls, classrooms and offices, recreation—recover lost West Playing Field

Green Mobility based on o Land use density for walking and biking with attractive routes, safety from traffic o Unbundling of housing and parking rents o Smart meters, parking management o Transit: BART, Shuttle, Beeline Bus o Public cars: taxi, ride hailing apps (Lyft, Uber), carshare/rental

Scaling up If Beeline Bus is successful, more shuttles are possible • to South Hayward BART and park-and-ride • to Castro Valley BART and park-and ride • to Caltrain Baby Bullet Station (Hayward Park Station), 22 minutes • Financing shifts from parking fees to class pass • More carshare/rental for resident students instead of car ownership and parking on campus

Sustainable development in Bee-Mission corridor • Sustainable development in corridor of walking oriented, affordable housing close to campus and transit • Bayview Village: 690 units on old quarry based on non-auto modes, no need to own a car • Bayview Village adds two buses, service every five minutes • Development on Mission Blvd. adds a fifth bus, service every four minutes

Environment and economy • Auto dependency: the major cause (58%) of CSUEB greenhouses gases, traffic congestion, inefficient access • The Beeline bus o reduces greenhouse gases, other air pollutants, fossil fuel use, dependency on oil and Wahhabi oil suppliers o reduces traffic, traffic accidents/deaths o promotes walking, biking, personal health o supports revitalization of downtown Hayward

Conclusion Those who drive will see others get to campus faster at less expense. The Bee. Line could make CSUEB Hayward a national leader in sustainable transportation.