Sustainability Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures Chapter
Sustainability Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures – Chapter 2
Overview n Introduction to Sustainability n Ratings Systems n Concrete Sustainability n Life-Cycle Analysis
What is Sustainability? “Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. ”
Sustainability Aspects n Energy conservation and atmosphere n Water management and resources n Site selection and development n Indoor environmental quality n Material quality and resources n Functional resilience
Ratings Systems
Concrete Sustainability n Durability n Site Remediation n Safety n Recycling n Disaster Resistance n Locally Produced n Energy Performance n Carbon Dioxide Sink n Indoor Air Quality n Acoustics n Stormwater Management n Concrete Ingredients and Sustainability
Durability Ability to resist weathering action, chemical attack, and abrasion while maintaining desired engineering properties n Longevity n Pantheon in Rome (AD 125)
Disaster Resistance n Tornado, Hurricane, and Wind Resistance n Fire Resistance n Earthquake Resistance n Blast Resistance
Energy Performance n Thermal Mass n Fuel Consumption n Heat-Island Reduction n Lighting Efficiency
Thermal Mass (CAC 2007).
Fuel Consumption n 1% to 11% improvement for heavy trucks n 3% to 17% improvement for smaller vehicles
Heat-Island Reduction (Berdahl and Bretz 1994; Pomerantz, Pon, and Akbari 2000; Levinson and Akbari 2001; and Pomerantz and others 2002)
Indoor Air Quality
Acoustics n STC of 44 to 58 plain n STC up to 63 dressed n Highway sound barriers n Textured pavement
Stormwater Management
Permeable Grid Paver Systems
Green Roofs
Rainwater Catchment Systems
Site Remediation n Brownfields n Solidification/stabilization n Radioactive waste
Recycling
Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Recycled Materials n Post-consumer n Crushed concrete and masonry n Pre-consumer (industrial by-products) n Fly ash, slag cement, silica fume n Air-cooled slag aggregate n Alternative fuels
Locally Produced n Abundant raw materials n Usually manufactured within 500 km (300 miles) n Ready mixed concrete within 150 km (100 miles) n Precast concrete within 300 km (200 miles)
Carbon Dioxide Sink n Concrete absorbs carbon dioxide carbonation n Higher surface area increases absorption n Over 100 years, 57% of calcination is absorbed
Concrete Ingredients and Sustainability n Cement – 7 -15% of concrete material n Recycled raw materials n Alternate fuels n Supplementary cementitious material n Aggregate – 60 -75% of concrete material n Recycled concrete aggregate n Air-cooled slag
Life-Cycle Analysis n Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
Life Cycle Assessment and Inventory
LCA - Pavements
LCA - Buildings
LCA at the MIT Concrete Sustainability Hub
Summary n Introduction to Sustainability n Ratings Systems n Concrete Sustainability n Life-Cycle Analysis
Question s ?
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