Susiladiharti PSYCHIC DETERMINISM n Tindakan manusia ditentukan oleh

Susiladiharti

PSYCHIC DETERMINISM n Tindakan manusia ditentukan oleh tenaga dalam manusia yang berkembang pada masa kanak-kanak. Masa lalu yang paling mempengaruhi t. l. manusia adalah: n tahap perkembangan awal kanak-kanak setiap manusia serta n Relasi awal pengasuhan orang tua

The Ice Berg of Mind Conscious Unconscious

Mind and World The Mind The World Unconscious Conscious (Pre-conscious) (Other people & the environment) The Superego The parent (teaching) The Ego The Adult (thinking) The Id The Child (feeling) Freud: 1920 s (Reality)

Superego • The condemning or prohibiting part of the mind = SE (Caplan: 1961) • Develop trough internalization process • Two types of SE: – Permissive – little guilt (weak SE) – Restrictive – guilt (strong SE) • Over permissive sociophaths / psychopaths • Over restrictive neurotics

Id • Aspect of the person which is primitive, the animal drive • Shaped by early recording of feeling of blame, fear and abandonment. • The unloved child fill a sense of void by theft or kleptomania • 2 types: Libido (sex) and Martido (hating / killing / attacking) • Govenrned by “pleasure principle”

Ego • The I and me, the self. • Part of the mind which thinks, decides, plans and relate to the world • Governed by “reality principle”, exploring and testing, born of curiosity • Placed between Id and Superego

Psychodynamic: Interaction and tension between the id’s drives, the superego and the tension between inner needs and the outer reality, in an attempt to keep a balanced ego.

Fungsi Ego n Menyeimbangkan kepribadian n Mengelola kognisi, persepsi, perencanaan dan n n pemecahan masalah Menilai, membuat keputusanmenyesuaikan dengan kenyataan dan mengendalikan impuls Perkembangan kepribadian, mengatasi stress, menggunakan ketrampilan dan mentolelir frustrasi, kehilangan, rasa sakit dan kesedihan. Menetralisasi tekanan superego dan dorongan id. Memproduksi self-assestion, verbalisasi perasaan dan mengarahkan usaha untuk mencapai atau memberikan perhatian pada sesuatu.

Syarat Ego agar fungsional: n Fleksibel n Mampu menyesuaikan diri n Resilient n Berdasar kenyataan n Stabil dlm menghadapi tekanan n Toleran akan kecemasan dan kehilangan Ketika Ego mengalami hambatan dlm menjalankan fungsinya, biasanya akan menampilkan MEKANISME PERTAHANAN DIRI

Defence Mechanism meringankan beban ego dari 3 tekanan besar (id, super ego dan realitas) n Denial = attack from out side n Repression = gets rid of instinctual derivatives n Reaction formation = secures the ego against the return of the repressed impulses n Intellectualisation = develop a good reasons n Sublimation = direct the libido / martudo goals to the higher goals

Transactional Analyses

Perkembangan Kepribadian Freudian STAGES Eriksonian Birth – 1 year Orak (hunger) Trust VS Basic Mistrust Level of confidence, being able to form attachment and have needs met 2 to 3 Anal (excretion, muscular control, retention / letting go Autonomy VS Shame and Doubt Who is in control and holding and letting go. If parent is over controlling, child learns shame and doubt 4 to 6 Phalic/Oedipal Male child loves mother: has castration fears Female child loves father: has penis envy; jealous of mother Initiative VS Guilt Planning to act independently, avoiding if possible guilt about relationship 5 - 12 Latency Period Industry VS Inferiority Focus on conscious memory and learning skills, testing others, finding identity 13 – 18 > 19 Genital – beginning with puberty Young Adult Identity VS Role Confusion Intimacy VS Isolation Seeking satisfactory sexual relationships Adult Maturity to Old Age Generativity VS Stagnation Integraity VS Despair Seeking to accept the past and one’s achievements, the mix of good and bad time and valuing the resulting self

Assessment Psikodinamika n Focus on the interface of the ego with the world: n How it is learning? n Controlling? n balancing with self-reliance and pride? n The notion of defence mechanism is important to be assessed people who have difficulty in expressing his emotions n Transactional analyses provides a simple and accessible way of looking at clients’ interpersonal relationship. n Intervention oriented to offering relationship, listening and reflecting with the client, joining the resistance, so that they can get going with the problem solving that needs to be done.

Suggested Questions n Which developmental stage reflected in the behavior? n Is superego overly rigid or permissive? n Is there anxiety? How severe it is? What indirect support might n n n be helpful? How dependent on independent is the person? Are these sign of ego breakdown? What ego defence mechanism are being employed or are implicit in the person’s behavior? Which ego defences need to be supported or strengthened? Are they strong enough to allow some insight work? What threat is the person experiencing? External (social) or internal (psychological)?

Suggested Questions (continued. . ) n What ambivalences are present? n Are there some repetitive themes? n Have there been past satisfactory relationships that need a n n n corrective relationship? Which ego coping functions are working or not working for this person? What are transactions with others like? What contamination is there? Does the person know what they should do and yet repeatedly not do it? Has the person had a figure with whom they have been able to identify? Have I considered the gender difference implications, especially in terms of coping and independency?

Kesulitan: n Western and white people culture base n Meta narrative n Control and dominant n Social work is an expert n No exchange or sharing is possible