SURVEY OF BIOCHEMISTRY Lipids Biological Membranes 1 CETL

SURVEY OF BIOCHEMISTRY Lipids & Biological Membranes 1

CETL Course Survey(s) • Course-Instructor Opinion Survey (CIOS) – http: //www. coursesurvey. gatech. edu – Also on T-Square Home Page • Pilot Survey – Go to T-Square: Announcements for link to survey – Focus groups to learn more about student opinions – Deadline: August 3, 2008 – IRB Approval requested: minimal risk 2

PRS Update • Scores on T-Square this weekend • Next week – Mon: Fatty Acid Oxidation – Wed and Fri: Course Review via PRS – Point Summary • 75 -100% of total points = 10 PRS POINTS • 50 -74% of total points = 5 PRS POINTS • 1 -49% of total points = 1 PRS POINT • 0% = 0 PRS POINTS 3

Types of Lipids • Fatty Acids • Triacylglycerols • Glycerophospholipids • Sphingolipids • Steroids • Isoprenoids • Eicosanoids 4

Fatty Acids Carboxylic acids with nonpolar hydrocarbon chain Fatty acids can be saturated with H’s or unsaturated with H’s 5

Fatty Acids Double bonds can be cis or trans - usually see cis form Cis form causes molecule to kink 6

Common Fatty Acids Know C 12 - C 20 names and structures! 7

Triacylglycerols • R 1, R 2 and R 3 are fatty acid chains • Most abundant! • Energy reservoirs 8

Glycerophospholipids • R 1 and R 2 are fatty acid chains • X = functional group • Abundant in bio membranes 9

Classes of Glycerophospholipids 10

Phospholipases 11

Sphingolipids are also found in membranes. 12

Sphingolipids Sphingomyelin Compose 10 -20% of plasma membrane Head group could also be a phosphoethanolamine group -O P-CH CH NH + 3 2 2 3 13

Sphingolipids Cerebrosides Sugar head group and no phosphate From Avantilipids. com 14

Sphingolipds Gangliosides • Most complex, found in brain tissue Be familiar with structure but do not memorize for Final Exam 15

Steroids: Structure of Cholesterol Know this! 16

Steroids 17

Steroids 18

Arachidonic Acid Breakdown Involved in pain and fever, blood pressure, blood coagulation, reproduction 19

Micelles 20

Lipid Bilayer and Glycophorin A 21

Biological Membranes 22