SUNSCREEN FINAL STAGE GATE BY ALLY O KENNEDY
SUNSCREEN FINAL STAGE GATE BY: ALLY O, KENNEDY M, RACHEL C, RUBY M
PRODUCT CONSTRAINTS MAX LD 50: Cinnamate: 0. 0375 grams and Benzophenone: 0. 03 grams An 88 m. L sunscreen that protects people as best as possible with the most SPF value without harming people An 88 m. L sunscreen that has the minimum cost possible MAXIMUM COST– PACKAGING $4 (NO GLUE) and $3 (GLUE) 35 ¢ for Sunscreen HIGHEST PACKAGING MATERIALS TESTING CRITERIA: PACKAGING UNDERGOES A SET OF TESTS (DROP TEST, SHAKE TEST, WEIGHT TEST, THROW TEST, WATER TEST, MARKETING TEST, HEAT TEST) FOR DATA REFERENCE SLIDE #6
MSDS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS - Benzophenone is the most harmful chemical we are working with therefore there are many precautions to take when working with this chemical. It will cause harm if inhaled or in contact with the skin, mouth or eyes. - If in contact with eyes or skin, flush eyes and skin for 15 minutes with water - Contact a doctor - Drink two to four cups of water or milk if ingested - Move to fresh air if inhaled - Other chemicals are not as harmful, but can still cause irritation if inhaled or in contact with skin, eyes or mouth. - If in contact with skin or eyes, flush skin and eyes with water for 15 minutes - Contact a doctor - Move to fresh air if inhaled
AVERAGE SURVIVAL OF E. COLI DURING CINNAMATE TESTING
CINNAMATE E. COLI TESTING ANALYSIS • For the E. Coli tests, as an average, more than 50% of our tests survived, when using the control, mid, and max values. • However due to the fact that the max value is relatively close to the 50 % survival, we concluded based off of the E. Coli tests to start with the mid value of 0. 01825 g. • This influenced our first testing on the amount of cinnamate used on Daphnia.
AVERAGE AMOUNT OF DAPHNIA SURVIVAL DURING CINNAMATE TESTING
CINNAMATE DAPHNIA TESTING ANALYSIS • Based on the averages from our tests we concluded that there is a 0% survival rate so we decided not to use cinnamate. • We conducted outside research on name brand companies ingredients they used for their sunscreen and concluded that most of them did not use cinnamate either. • Our outside research confirmed our suspicions on using cinnamate, and we decided not to use it.
AVERAGE SURVIVAL OF E. COLI DURING BENZOPHENONE TESTING
Benzophenone (E. Coli) Test Analysis • For the control, Mid, and Max values, the survival rate was above 50 % • Therefore we could use any of the values, so we chose the Max amount of Benzophenone (0. 0375).
AVERAGE AMOUNT OF DAPHNIA SURVIVAL DURING BENZOPHENONE TESTING
BENZOPHENONE TESTING ANALYSIS • We tested Benzophenone on Daphnia and used the max value from our E. Coli tests. Based off of the average of the tests’ survival rates, we concluded that there was a 0% survival rate in the Daphnia. • After questioning the safety of benzophenone from the 0% survival rate when testing on Daphnia, we researched name brand sunscreens for which chemicals they used. We found that many of the name brand companies used about 4% benzophenone. • This led us to the use of 4% benzophenone in our formula mix
RECOMMENDATIONS FORMULA MIX Ingredients Amount needed % of formula (g) mix Cetyl Alcohol 2. 0 2% Benzophenone-3 3. 52 . 04% Ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate 0 0. 0% Steric Acid 4. 0 5% Glycerin 2. 0 2% Trethanol Amine 1. 0 1% Water, distilled 78. 0 89%
COST ANALYSIS • COST AND SOURCE OF MATERIALS • Total Cost of Ingredients: 12¢ Ingredients Amount needed (g) Price per gram ($) Price for Source needed amount ($) Cetyl Alcohol 2 $0. 01 $0. 02 Ebay Benzophenone-3 0. 03 $0. 005 $0. 00015 alibaba Ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate 0. 01825 $0. 01825 alibaba Steric Acid 4 $0. 01 $0. 04 bulkapothecary Glycerin 2 $0. 005 $0. 01 alibaba Trethanol Amine 1 $0. 02 Ebay Water, distilled 78 $0. 0078 $0. 01 Walmart
PACKAGING • INITIAL MATERIAL FINDINGS: Materials Newspaper Drop Test Throw Test Weight Test 3 3 3 Shake Test Water Test Heat Test 3 1. 5 3 Cardboard 3 Plastic wrap 1. 5 3 1 3 3 3 2. 5 2 2 Plastic Bags 3 3 3 Foil Wax Paper Duct Tape Masking Tape 2 3 3 3 3 2. 5 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 2. 5
PACKAGING DESIGNS: BOX #1 9. 5 cm 2. 2 cm 9. 2 cm Drop Test Box #1 1 Throw Weight Shake Water Test 2 1 2 3 Heat Test 3
PACKAGING DESIGN: BOX #2 6. 5 cm 6. 5 cm Drop Test Box #2 1 Throw Weight Shake Water Test 1 2 1. 5 2 Heat Test 3 6. 5 cm
PACKAGING DESIGNS: BOX #3 4. 6 cm 12. 9 cm 4. 6 cm 2. 5 cm Drop Test Box #3 3 Throw Weight Shake Water Heat Test Test 1 3 1. 5 3 3
Packaging Designs: Box 4 (Final) 6. 5 cm Box #4 3 cm Drop Test 3 Throw Test 3 Weight Shake Test 3 3 Water Test 3 Heat Test 3
AVERAGE BOX TEST RESULTS Drop Test Throw Test Weight Test Shake Test Water Test Heat Test Box #1 1 1 2 3 Box #2 1 1 2 3 1. 5 3 Box #3 3 3 1. 5 3 1 3 Box #4 3 3 3
PACKAGING MATERIALS • FOR OUR PACKAGES WE USED: • 1 SHEET OF ($1. 00) - EVEN THOUGH IT RECEIVED A TWO FOR THE WATER TEST, WE FOUND THAT IT PROVIDED GOOD SUPPORT AND STRUCTURE FOR THE SUN BLOCK. WE ALSO FOUND THAT IT WAS VERY DURABLE THROUGHOUT THE OTHER TESTS. ON AVERAGE, THE CARDBOARD RECEIVED A 3 FOR ALL THE OTHER TESTS • 1 PLASTIC BAG ($0. 25) – WE USED A PLASTIC BAG TO CONTAIN THE SUN BLOCK IN SO THAT IT WOULD NOT LEAK OUT OF THE CARDBOARD OR DAMAGE THE CARDBOARD IN ANY WAY. THE DATA FROM OUR TESTS STATED THAT PLASTIC BAG WAS NOT DAMAGED DURING THE WATER TEST. THE PLASTIC BAG RECEIVED A 3 FOR ALL THE TESTS. • HOT GLUE (LIMITS THE MAX BUDGET TO $3. 00)- TO BE USED AS AN ADHESIVE FOR THE BOX. HOT GLUE WILL ENDURE THE TESTS WILL AND PREVENT WATER FROM LEAKING INTO THE BOX. • 1 PIECE OF DUCT TAPE ($0. 50)- DID NOT RECEIVE THE BEST SCORES FOR THE WATER AND SHAKE TEST (1) BUT IT RECEIVED A 3 FOR THE OTHER TESTS WHICH WILL ALLOW US TO SECURE THE BOX BUT ALSO BE ABLE TO OPEN IT FOR SUNSCREEN APPLICATION • TOTAL COST: $1. 75
SOURCES • HTTP: //AVOGADRO. CHEM. IASTATE. EDU/MSDS/BENZOPHENONE. HTM • HTTP: //WWW. SCIENCELAB. COM/MSDS. PHP? MSDSID=9927759 • HTTP: //WWW. EBAY. COM/ITM/CETYL-ALCOHOL-FOR-VARIOUS-USES-3 -LBPURE/350153605717? _TRKSID=P 2141725. C 100337. M 3725&_TRKPARMS=AID%3 D 777000%26 ALGO%3 DABA. MBE%26 AO%3 D 1%26 ASC%3 D 20141212152338%26 MEID%3 DF 0 CCFCF 429 7 A 49808829272 F 77 AE 831 E%26 PID%3 D 100337%26 RK%3 D 1%26 RKT%3 D 1%26 SD%3 D 350153605852 • HTTP: //WWW. ALIBABA. COM/PRODUCT-DETAIL/CHINA-HOT-SALES-BENZOPHENONE-WITH-CHEAP_60395813870. HTML? SPM=A 2700. 7724838. 30. 37. TPPECE • HTTP: //WWW. ALIBABA. COM/PRODUCT-DETAIL/HIGH-QUALITY-OCTYL-METHOXYCINNAMATE-OMC-FOR_60393655534. HTML? SPM=A 2700. 7724857. 29. 19. U 9 ZWJD • HTTP: //WWW. BULKAPOTHECARY. COM/RAW-INGREDIENTS/OTHER-INGREDIENTS-AND-CHEMICALS/STEARICACID/? GCLID=CJ 0 KEQIALAE 1 BRCU 2 QAZ 2__T 9 IIBEIQAKRGDVBOTR 4 OD 2 MYPZOIRJ 5 NKMW 8 XGZTHTARTEXNJLSINSSIAAHJ 98 P 8 HAQ • HTTP: //WWW. ALIBABA. COM/PRODUCT-DETAIL/KOSHER-PURE-NATURES-USE-VEGETABLE-CRUDE_60334503872. HTML? SPM=A 2700. 7724838. 30. 1. 3 SW 4 OS&S=P • HTTP: //WWW. EBAY. COM/ITM/LIKE/231715264085? UL_NOAPP=TRUE&CHN=PS&LPID=82 • HTTP: //WWW. WALMART. COM/IP/GREAT-VALUE-DISTILLED-WATER-1 -GAL/10315382 • HTTP: //WWW. SCIENCELAB. COM/MSDS. PHP? MSDSID=9923363 • HTTP: //WWW. SCIENCELAB. COM/MSDS. PHP? MSDSID=9927609 • HTTP: //WWW. COLUMBUSCHEMICAL. COM/MSDS/595000. PDF • HTTPS: //WWW. ONEIDA-BOCES. ORG/CMS/LIB 05/NY 01914080/CENTRICITY/DOMAIN/65/CHEMICALSAFETYDATA_GLYCEROL_ALL. PDF
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