Sun Spec Alliance Overview Storage Standards Development Program

Sun. Spec Alliance Overview & Storage Standards Development Program July 7, 2014 www. sunspec. org 1

Sun. Spec Information Standards Bulk Data Exchange Inverter Meter Finance Risk Assessment String Module Plant Controller Internet VPN Data Store Cloud SCADA Storage Regulatory Reporting Enviro Custom Apps Tracker Solar Plant Grid Operations End-To-End Security Monitoring & Control Applications

Standards Drive Innovation and Value Innovation Performance Plant Operations Grid Control Cost Complexity Risk Assessment

Significant Design Wins ² System monitoring ² Inverter monitoring & control for CA Rule 21 ² Actuarial database, O&M standards ² Microgrid & storage integration

Standardization Partners ² NIST/SGIP National Smart Grid Roadmap ² IEEE 1547/P 2030 Interconnection guidelines and interoperability with the electric power system ² ASHRAE Facility to Smart Grid Information Model (FSGIM) ² EPRI Advanced Functions for Distributed Energy Resources ² IEC 61850 Communication networks and systems for substation automation, logical nodes, protocol mappings ² Zig. Bee Smart Energy 2. 0 specification ² SIRFN Smart Grid International Research Facility Network ² NRTL Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories 6

Strategic Intiatives ² Sun. Spec Inverter Control Program § Software test tool for driving Smart Inverters ² Open Solar Performance and Reliability Clearinghouse (o. SPARC) § Actuarial database for investment risk assessment ² Sun. Spec Storage Program § Extend monitoring/control work to storage

The Case For Solar/Storage Integration

Energy Storage Workgroup Background ² An increasing number of grid-connected energy storage systems are being deployed to enable energy arbitrage, better integration of renewables, voltage support, microgrids, and other scenarios. ² These energy storage systems are costly in part due to the lack of standards and the amount of NRE that is required on each project. ² Sun. Spec and MESA are working together to develop communication standards which target the components that are used to construct these energy storage systems. ² MESA battery standards work is the starting point for storage communications

Energy Storage Workgroup Scope ² Define standards for varied storage technologies § § Lithium-ion batteries Vanadium redox flow batteries Lead-acid batteries Etc. ² Complement Sun. Spec inverter & meter models § Leverage existing standards § Enable complete systems with minimum NRE ² Initial Workgroup focus: lithium-ion batteries § Broadest market impact in short term

Energy Storage System Anatomy Energy Storage System ESS Control • • • Sun. Spec Inverter Models (1 XX) Sun. Spec Storage Models (8 XX) (co-developed with MESA Alliance) Sun. Spec Meter Models (2 XX) Energy Storage Meters Power Conversion System • • • Bidirectional AC to DC Real and reactive power Typically 4 quadrant Autonomous control Interface to SCADA Operating Modes • • Lithium Ion Vanadium Redox Flow Lead-acid batteries Etc. • • • ESS Output Measurements Aux Power Measurements Signals for operating modes

Storage Models Common Model Lithium Ion Model (802) Energy Storage Base Model (801) Vanadium Redox Flow Model (803) Energy Storage Technology Model Lead-acid Model (804) Vendor Specific Model Other Storage Technologies (8 XX) End Model

Energy Storage Deployment Scenarios ² Substation-sited, grid-connected energy ² Customer side of the meter applications ² Storage adjacent to renewables ² Microgrids

Storage Standardization Benefits ² Lower NRE for storage integration ² Lower NRE for grid interconnection § Same technology as smart inverters ² Enables low-cost, scalable solutions by enabling “plug ‘n play” interoperability

Sun. Spec Alliance Overview & Storage Standards Development Program July 7, 2014 www. sunspec. org 15