summary ovary produce ovum secret steroid hormones uterine

一、ovary • capsule：epithulium + albuginea. • parenchyma：cortex + medulla • cortex：ovarian follicles + CT.

（一）ovarian follicle • Follicle = an oocyte + surrounding follicul cells. • 4 steps

1. Primordial follicle • location: beneath the albuginea. • small & more. • primary

2. Primary follicle • primary oocyte. • Follicle C→proliferate， squamous→cuboidal or columnar， simple→stratified. •

3. Secondary follicle • Primary oocyte: size increase to the apex. • antrum: follicular

l Follicle C : granulosa C. l stratum granulosum ：formed by several granulosa C

4. Mature follicle • secondary follicle→mature follicle • follicular fluid • the wall •

（二）ovulation • Mature follicle rupture，secondary oocyte + corona radiata + zona pellucida + follicular

fate of secondary oocyte after ovulation • In 24 h, degenerate and disappear if

（三）corpus luteum 1. Definition : after ovulation，the follicular wall, composed of the remaining granulosa

2. Functions of luteal cells • granular lutein C：progesterone & relaxin. • theca lutein

3. Classifications of corpus luteum • corpus luteum of menstruation : is formed in

二、uterine tube • infundibulum+ampulla+isthmus+uterine part • lumen is irregular • wall= mucosa+muscularis+serosa • mucosa=

三、uterus • body+fundus+cervix • wall=endometrium+myometrium +perimetrium

1. endometrium • Function layer: superficial, undergo cyclical changes. • Basal layer: deeper, proliferate

2. menstrual cycle • cyclical changes of Function layer • exfoliate、bleed、repair & proliferate •

1. proliferative phase • • • Also called follicular phase。 Epithelial C+stroma C proliferate。

2. secretory phase • • • Also called luteum phase. Endometrium continue thickening. Uterine

3. menstrual phase • If fertilized occurred，coiled A contract， endometrium ischemic lead to necrosis

Slides: 40

Download presentation

summary • ovary: produce ovum & secret steroid hormones. • uterine tube: transport ovum+fertilization • uterus: where embryonic & fetal development occurs. • vagina • external genitalia

一、ovary • capsule：epithulium + albuginea. • parenchyma：cortex + medulla • cortex：ovarian follicles + CT. • medulla：LCT + elastic f + blood vessels

ovary

（一）ovarian follicle • Follicle = an oocyte + surrounding follicul cells. • 4 steps : primordial、primary、 secondary and mature follicle 。

1. Primordial follicle • location: beneath the albuginea. • small & more. • primary oocyte + follicul C • primary oocyte : round , eosinophilic.

ovary

Primordial follicles

Primordial follicle

2. Primary follicle • primary oocyte. • Follicle C→proliferate， squamous→cuboidal or columnar， simple→stratified. • Zona pellucida: homogeneous.

Cortex of ovary

3. Secondary follicle • Primary oocyte: size increase to the apex. • antrum: follicular fluid, 6～ 12 layers of granulosa cells.

Secondary follicle

l Follicle C : granulosa C. l stratum granulosum ：formed by several granulosa C , the wall. l Cumulus oophorus ：primary oocyte + zona pellucida + corona radiata + granulosa C. protruding into the antrum

antrum Cumulus oophorus Granulosa cells

4. Mature follicle • secondary follicle→mature follicle • follicular fluid • the wall • move towards the surface of ovary. • primary oocyte →secondary oocyte

Mature follicle

（二）ovulation • Mature follicle rupture，secondary oocyte + corona radiata + zona pellucida + follicular fluid, expelled from the follicle.

fate of secondary oocyte after ovulation • In 24 h, degenerate and disappear if not fertilizing. • Or else，go on with the 2 nd meiotic division，form haploid mature ovum.

（三）corpus luteum 1. Definition : after ovulation，the follicular wall, composed of the remaining granulosa & thecal cells , is thrown into deep folds as follicle collapse and is transformed into the corpus luteum. Show a yellow appearance in fresh preparations.

2. Functions of luteal cells • granular lutein C：progesterone & relaxin. • theca lutein C：estrogen

3. Classifications of corpus luteum • corpus luteum of menstruation : is formed in the absence of fertilization. • corpus luteum of pregnancy：is formed after fertilization and implantation.

二、uterine tube • infundibulum+ampulla+isthmus+uterine part • lumen is irregular • wall= mucosa+muscularis+serosa • mucosa= simple columnar Epi. +basal lamina • Epi. = secretory C + ciliated C • muscularis : inner circular, outer longitudinal SM

Uterine tube

Mucosa of uterine tube

三、uterus • body+fundus+cervix • wall=endometrium+myometrium +perimetrium

uterus

1. endometrium • Function layer: superficial, undergo cyclical changes. • Basal layer: deeper, proliferate & repair function layer. • • Epi=secretory C+ciliated C. Basal lamina=CT+stroma C+ uterine gland. • Uterine gland: Epi. Invaginate to form. • Coiled artery: the branch of uterine artery.

Cilia on the columnar C of endometrium

2. menstrual cycle • cyclical changes of Function layer • exfoliate、bleed、repair & proliferate • occur every 28 days, called…。 • menstrual phase: first 1～ 4 days • proliferative phase: 5 ～ 14 • secretory phase: 15 ～ 28

1. proliferative phase • • • Also called follicular phase。 Epithelial C+stroma C proliferate。 Early : uterine gland sparse、thin & short. • later: endometrium become thick, uterine gland increase ，coiled artery go up and convolute. • Ovulation in overy，endometrium transform into the secretory phase.

proliferative phase of endometrium

2. secretory phase • • • Also called luteum phase. Endometrium continue thickening. Uterine gland highly convolute，swell， filled by secretion. Stroma C hypertrophy. Coiled artery increase，more convoluted. If ovum is fertilized，endometrium keep thickening ，till into decidua，or else， into menstrual phase.

secretory phase of endometrium

3. menstrual phase • If fertilized occurred，coiled A contract， endometrium ischemic lead to necrosis of function layer. • Brief periods of blood flow，blood flow into function layer. disruption of the surface epithelial C & rupture of the blood. Wash out patches of tissue separated from endometrium discharge through vaginalis.