Summary of Life Course Theories a k a

Summary of Life Course Theories (a. k. a. The Developmental Theories) 1

These Theories. . . 2

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Three categories of Life Course Theories Erikson, Jane Loevinger and Jeffery Arnett Family Life Cycle theory and Daniel Levinson Klaus Riegal and Lenard Pearlin’s 4

Seven Theories: 1. Eriksons 2. Klaus Riegel’s 3. Jane Loevinger’s 4. Carter and Mc. Goldrick 5. Lenard Pearlin’s 6. Daniel Levinson’s 7. Jeffery Arnetts 5

�Developmental theories use an… �As individuals progress through life, they face role expectations that challenge them to develop. 6

�These theories describe predictable changes in the behaviour of individuals or families �Developmental theories are attempts to explain the… 7

�They also attempt to… �Developmental theorists agree that the behaviour of individuals results from… �An individual's interaction within society is not only a part of development and growth, but will also guide individuals in their search for____. 8

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs �For the growing individual, peer groups change and the focus of relationships shifts � from self-centered view to include a more world-view �All persons progress through the life cycle at their own pace, but there approximate age ranges when these changes occur 9

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs �Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow 10

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs �Maslows theory is usually shown in a pyramid, with the most basic needs for survival and safety at the bottom and progressing to the more abstract need for fulfillment 11

http: //ghybe. oise. utoronto. ca/repository/1089410000/Easy. As. Pi. html 12

Development Theories examine how social and psychological areas evolve and develop at different stages in our lives �http: //ghybe. oise. utoronto. ca/repository/116925 0000/HHS 4 MPU 01 A 02/mme/u 1%20 a 2%20 develo pmental%20 stages/LO_5001. html 13

Erikson �Erikson was the first psychologist to describe predictable stages of human development from childhood through adulthood 14

Erikson �At each stage person is challenged by new situations and circumstances in life �See handout 15

Klaus Riegel �Development does not occur in predictable stages, but as the individual adjusts to… �Four interrelated internal and external dimensions of development: �Individual psychological dimension �Individual biological dimension �Cultural-sociological dimension �Environmental dimension 16

Klaus Riegel �A change in one dimension requires an adjustment in one or more of the other dimensions 17

Jane Loevinger �Identified ten stages in the formation of the ego �Full ego development occurs when a person develops an… 18

Jane Loevinger �Adolescents are at the conformist stage �What do you think this mean? �Young adults are at the self-aware stage �What do you think this mean? �Adults are at the conscientious stage �What do you think this mean? �These stages are determined by an individual’s… 19

The Family Life Cycle �This theory focuses on the point in life where you �Success, however, is also rooted in the ability the family has in letting their children go to the next stage in life � See handout �http: //ghybe. oise. utoronto. ca/repository/118888 0000/5006. html 20

Leonard Pearlin �The uniqueness of continuous change for individuals is important in personal growth �Placement with society such as…are guides for movement into adulthood. 21

Leonard Pearlin �Being able to move on and the ability to make changes are essential to success �…are vital and timing affects individuals and their evolution into adulthood �The direction in which our life guides us and how we respond will determine where and when we move on to certain aspects of our lives 22

Daniel Levinson �Success in adulthood begins with separation from the family and beginning individual stages in life thus creating one's own life structure �…between adult child and parents must occur for an individual to enter adulthood 23

Daniel Levinson � 22 -28 years – individuals build the structure for their life, forming a dream, mentor relationships, an occupation and love relationships �Age 30 transition – 28 -33 years, re-evaluate their life structure from their early twenties, make changes before its too late, the settle down 24