Summary of Lesson 3 Part I q Regression

Summary of Lesson 3: Part I q Regression to the mean: Ø Two variables that are not perfectly correlated (random influence). Ø Extreme values on one variable are selected. Ø Corresponding values of the other variables are not as extreme. q Attribution theory (explaining human behavior): Ø Kelley’s ANOVA model: Persons as lay-scientists that analyze how the different sources of variance of the behavior varies: q Person, q Object, q Situation.

Summary of Lesson 3: Part II q Attribution theory (explaining human behavior): Ø The ANOVA model describes many human judgments correctly (i. e. people are sophisticated reasoners). Ø People ignore relevant causes in favor of more irrelevant but more salient events or features resulting in an erroneous explanation of their own behavior. Ø Example: Halo effect and salient features: How people explain their reasoning / evaluation: Physical appearance Mannerisms European accent Positive / negative evaluation

Summary of Lesson 3: Part III q Attribution theory (explaining human behavior): Ø Example: Halo effects and salient features: How people actually reasoned (halo effect): Positive / negative evaluation Warm / Cold Mannerisms European accent Physical appearance Ø Example: Ignoring consensus information.

Summary of Lesson 3: Part IV q Attribution theory: Ø Attributional asymmetry: Actor and observes attribute the behavior to different sources/reasons: Situation vs. Person. Ø Fundamental attribution error: Unjustified attribution of the person as the source of behavior. q Problematic issues: Ø Saliency and attentional effects need themselves explanation. Ø Cultural and evolutionary aspect.