SUM Latin I Spring 2015 Lesson 15 additional
- Slides: 10
“SUM” Latin I Spring 2015 Lesson 15 + additional info!
“SUM” • “Sum” is the “to be” verb. • Like other languages, including English, “sum” is an irregular verb in Latin. • Let’s look at “be” in English first. See how its forms are all different in the singular? Singular Plural I am You are He/she/it is We are Y’all are They are
“SUM” • “Sum” has 4 principal parts, but they look very different than “regular” verbs’ parts. • sum, esse, fui, futurus: to be • There’s no –re to drop to make a “stem. ” • Since there’s no stem, you must learn the charts “whole. ”
Present Tense: SUM text p. 109 Singular sum es est Plural I am you are he/she/ it is sumus we are estis y’all are sunt they are These are standalone words, not endings.
“SUM” in action! • • • Nauta sum. Est regina. Es agricola bonus. Sunt mali. Sumus parvi. Estis reginae. • • • I am a sailor. She is a queen. You are a good farmer. They are bad. We are small. Y’all are queens.
Imperfect Tense: ERAM text p. 181 Imperfect Tense is a type of past tense! Singular Plural eram eras erat I was eramus we were you were eratis y’all were he/she/ it was erant they were These are standalone words, not endings.
“ERAM” in action! • • • Nauta eram. Erat regina. Eras agricola bonus. Erant mali. Eramus parvi. Eratis reginae. • • • I was a sailor. She was a queen. You were a good farmer. They were bad. We were small. Y’all were queens.
Future Tense: ERO text p. 127 (1 st chart only) Singular ero eris erit Plural I will be you will be he/she/ it will be erimus we will be eritis y’all will be erunt they will be These are standalone words, not endings.
“ERO” in action! • Nauta ero. • Erit servus. • Eris agricola bonus. • Erunt laeti (happy). • Numerus erit parvus. • Victoria erit grata. • I will be a sailor. • He will be a slave. • You will be a good farmer. • They will be happy. • The number will be small. • Victory will be pleasing.
Write the charts on the whiteboard… (write small!) • Present tense of “sum” • Imperfect tense of “sum” • Future tense of “sum”