Suffrage Movement Leaders Ms Fifer 8 th grade

Suffrage Movement Leaders Ms. Fifer 8 th grade

Standard: Examine the women’s suffrage movement (e. g. , biographies, writings, and speeches of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Margaret Fuller, Sojourner Truth, Lucretia Mott, and Susan B. Anthony. Objective: Student will create a poster with a quote, picture, timeline, and paragraph re: one of the suffrage leaders.

Women’s Suffrage Movement • What rights do women have now in the United States? • Do women have the same or different rights in other countries? • Have women always had the same rights?

Prerequisite Vocabulary • Suffrage-the right to vote, especially in a political election. • Rights- that which is due to anyone by just claim, legal guarantees, moral principles, etc. : women's rights; freedom of speech is a right of all Americans. • Biography-a written account of another person's life. • Timeline-a linear representation of important events in the order in which they occurred.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Women's rights activist, feminist, editor, and writer. Born on November 12, 1815, in Johnstown, New York. The daughter of a lawyer who made no secret of his preference for another son, she early showed her desire to excel in intellectual and other "male" spheres. She graduated from the Emma Willard's Troy Female Seminary in 1832 and then was drawn to the abolitionist, temperance, and women's rights movements through visits to the home of her cousin, the reformer Gerrit Smith. In 1840 Elizabeth Cady Stanton married a reformer Henry Stanton (omitting “obey” from the marriage oath), and they went at once to the World's Anti-Slavery Convention in London, where she joined other women in objecting to their exclusion from the assembly. On returning to the United States, Elizabeth and Henry had seven children while he studied and practiced law, and eventually they settled in Seneca Falls, New York. With Lucretia Mott and several other women, Elizabeth Cady Stanton held the famous Seneca Falls Convention in July 1848. At this meeting, the attendees drew up its “Declaration of Sentiments” and took the lead in proposing that women be granted the right to vote. She continued to write and lecture on women's rights and other reforms of the day. After meeting Susan B Anthony in the early 1850 s, she was one of the leaders in promoting women's rights in general (such as divorce) and the right to vote in particular. During the Civil War Elizabeth Cady Stanton concentrated her efforts on abolishing slavery, but afterwards she became even more outspoken in promoting women suffrage. In 1868, she worked with Susan B. Anthony on the Revolution, a militant weekly paper. The two then formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) in 1869. Stanton was the NWSA’s first president—a position she held until 1890. At that time the organization merged with another suffrage group to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Stanton served as the president of the new organization for two years. As a part of her work on behalf of women’s rights, Elizabeth Cady Stanton often traveled to give lectures and speeches. She called for an amendment to the U. S. Constitution giving women the right to vote. Stanton also worked with Anthony on the first three volumes of the History of Woman Suffrage (1881– 6). Matilda Joslyn Gage also worked with the pair on parts of the project. Besides chronicling the history of the suffrage movement, Elizabeth Cady Stanton took on the role religion played in the struggle for equal rights for women. She had long argued that the Bible and organized religion played in denying women their full rights. With her daughter, Harriet Stanton Blatch, she published a critique, The Woman's Bible, which was published in two volumes. The first volume appeared in 1895 and the second in 1898. This brought considerable protest not only from expected religious quarters but from many in the woman suffrage movement. Elizabeth Cady Stanton died on October 26, 1902. More so than many other women in that movement, she was able and willing to speak out on a wide spectrum of issues—from the primacy of legislatures over the courts and constitution, to women's right to ride bicycles—and she deserves to be recognized as one of the more remarkable individuals in American history. © 2010 A&E Television Networks. All Rights Reserved. © 2011 A&E Television Networks. All rights reserved.

Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth • (born 1797, Ulster county, N. Y. , U. S. —died Nov. 26, 1883, Battle Creek, Mich. ) African American evangelist and reformer who applied her religious fervour to the abolitionist and women's rights movements. • Isabella was the daughter of slaves and spent her childhood as an abused chattel of several masters. Her first language was Dutch. Between 1810 and 1827 she bore at least five children to a fellow slave named Thomas. Just before New York state abolished slavery in 1827, she found refuge with Isaac Van Wagener, who set her free. With the help of Quaker friends, she waged a court battle in which she recovered her small son, who had been sold illegally into slavery in the South. About 1829 she went to New York City with her two youngest children, supporting herself through domestic employment. • Since childhood Isabella had visions and heard voices, which she attributed to God. In New York City she became associated with Elijah Pierson, a zealous missionary. Working and preaching in the streets, she joined his Retrenchment Society and eventually his household. • In 1843 she left New York City and took the name Sojourner Truth, which she used from then on. Obeying a supernatural call to “travel up and down the land, ” she sang, preached, and debated at camp meetings, in churches, and on village streets, exhorting her listeners to accept the biblical message of God's goodness and the brotherhood of man. In the same year, she was introduced to abolitionism at a utopian community in Northampton, Massachusetts, and thereafter spoke in behalf of the movement throughout the state. In 1850 she traveled throughout the Midwest, where her reputation for personal magnetism preceded her and drew heavy crowds. She supported herself by selling copies of her book, The Narrative of Sojourner Truth, which she had dictated to Olive Gilbert. • Encountering the women's rights movement in the early 1850 s, and encouraged by other women leaders, notably Lucretia Mott, she continued to appear before suffrage gatherings for the rest of her life. (To read an account of one of Sojourner Truth's speeches, Sojourner Truth: What Time of Night It Is. ) • In the 1850 s Sojourner Truth settled in Battle Creek, Michigan. At the beginning of the American Civil War, she gathered supplies for black volunteer regiments and in 1864 went to Washington, D. C. , where she helped integrate streetcars and was received at the White House by President Abraham Lincoln. The same year, she accepted an appointment with the National Freedmen's Relief Association counseling former slaves, particularly in matters of resettlement. As late as the 1870 s she encouraged the migration of freedmen to Kansas and Missouri. In 1875 she retired to her home in Battle Creek, where she remained until her death. • Copyright © 1994 -2010 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. For more information visit Britannica. com

Susan B. Anthony

Susan B. Anthony • Women's History Figure. It may be hard to imagine, but women didn't always have the right to vote. It took the hard work and dedication of people, such as Susan B. Anthony, to make that happen. She spent much of her life fighting for causes she believed in, especially for women's suffrage, or the right to vote. • Born on February 15, 1820, in Adams, Massachusetts, Anthony grew up in a politically active family. They worked to end slavery in what was called the abolitionist movement. They were also part of the temperance movement, which wanted the production and sale of alcohol limited or stopped completely. Anthony was inspired to fight for women's rights while campaigning against alcohol. She denied a chance to speak at a temperance convention because she was a woman. Anthony later realized that no one would take women in politics seriously unless they had the right to vote. • Along with activist Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Anthony founded the National Woman Suffrage Association in 1869. Around this time, the two created and produced The Revolution, a weekly publication that lobbied for women's rights. Later the pair edited three volumes of History of Woman Suffrage together. • Anthony was tireless in her efforts, giving speeches around the country to convince others to support a woman's right to vote. She even took matters into her own hands in 1872 when she voted in the presidential election illegally. Anthony was arrested and tried unsuccessfully to fight the charges. She ended up being fined $100—a fine she never paid. • When Anthony died on March 13, 1906, women still did not have the right to vote. It wasn't until 1920, 14 years after her death, that the 19 th Amendment to the U. S. Constitution—giving all adult women the right to vote—was passed. In recognition of her dedication and hard work, the U. S. Treasury Department put Anthony's portrait on one dollar coins in 1979, making her the first woman to be so honored. • © 2011 A&E Television Networks. All rights reserved.

Margaret Fuller

Margaret Fuller • Feminist, writer, literary critic. Born on May 23, 1810, in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts. Her father, Timothy Fuller, was a prominent Massachusetts lawyer-politician who, disappointed that his child was not a boy, educated her rigorously in the classical curriculum of the day. Not until age 14 did she attend school (1824– 6) and then returned to Cambridge and her course of reading. Her intellectual precociousness gained her the acquaintance of various Cambridge intellectuals, but her assertive and intense manner put many people off. Her father moved the family to a farm in Groton, Massachusetts, in 1833, and she found herself isolated and forced to help educate her siblings and run the household for her ailing mother. • After visiting Ralph Waldo Emerson in Concord, Margaret Fuller taught for Bronson Alcott in Boston from 1836 to 1837, and then at a school in Providence, Rhode Island. During this time she continued to enlarge both her intellectual accomplishments and personal acquaintances. Moving to Jamaica Plain, a suburb of Boston, in 1840, she conducted her famous “Conversations, ” discussion groups that attracted many prominent people from all around Boston from 1840 to 1844. • Margaret Fuller also joined Ralph Waldo Emerson and others to found the Dial, a journal devoted to transcendentalist views in 1840. She became a contributor from the first issue and its editor. Her first book, based on a trip through the Midwest, was Summer on the Lakes (1844) and this led to an invitation by Horace Greeley to be literary critic at the New York Tribune that same year. She published her feminist classic, Woman in the Nineteenth Century, in 1845. In addition to writing a solid body of critical reviews and essays, she became active in various social reform movements. In 1846 she went to Europe as a foreign correspondent for the Tribune, and in England France she was regarded as a serious intellectual and met many prominent people. • Traveling to Italy in 1847, Margaret Fuller met Giovanni Angelo, the Marchese d'Ossoli, ten years younger and of liberal principles. They became lovers, had a son in 1848, and married the next year. Involved in the Roman revolution of 1848, Fuller and her husband fled to Florence in 1849. They sailed for the United States but the ship ran aground in a storm off Fire Island, New York, and their bodies were never found. • © 2011 A&E Television Networks. All rights reserved

Mary Church Terrell

Mary Church Terrell • (born Sept. 23, 1863, Memphis, Tenn. , U. S. —died July 24, 1954, Annapolis, Md. ) American social activist who was cofounder and first president of the National Association of Colored Women. She was an early civil rights advocate, an educator, an author, and a lecturer on woman suffrage and rights for African Americans. • Mary Church was the daughter of Robert Reed Church and Louisa Ayers Church, both former slaves prominent in the growing black community of Memphis, Tennessee. Both parents owned small, successful businesses, and they provided “Mollie” and her brother with advantages that few other African American children of her time enjoyed. She received a bachelor's degree from Oberlin College in Ohio in 1884. She taught languages at Wilberforce University and at a black secondary school in Washington, D. C. After a two-year tour of Europe, she completed a master's degree from Oberlin (1888) and married Robert Heberton Terrell, a lawyer who would become the first black municipal court judge in the nation's capital. • An early advocate of women's rights, Terrell was an active member of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, addressing in particular the concerns of black women. In 1896 she became the first president of the newly formed National Association of Colored Women, an organization that under her leadership worked to achieve educational and social reform and an end to discriminatory practices. Appointed to the District of Columbia Board of Education in 1895, Terrell was the first black woman to hold such a position. At the suggestion of W. E. B. Du Bois, she was made a charter member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and in 1949 she gained entrance to the Washington chapter of the American Association of University Women, bringing to an end its policy of excluding blacks. • An articulate spokeswoman, adept political organizer, and prolific writer, Terrell addressed a wide range of social issues in her long career, including the Jim Crow Law, lynching, and the convict lease system. Her last act as an activist was to lead a successful three-year struggle against segregation in public eating places and hotels in the nation's capital. Her autobiography, A Colored Woman in a White World, appeared in 1940. • Copyright © 1994 -2010 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. For more information visit Britannica. com

Lucretia Mott

Lucretia Mott • Women's rights activist, abolitionist, and religious reformer. Born Lucretia Coffin on January 3, 1793, in Nantucket, Massachusetts. A child of Quaker parents, Lucretia Mott grew up to become a leading social reformer. At the age of 13, she attended a Quaker boarding school in New York State. Mott stayed on and worked there as a teaching assistant. While at the school, she met her future husband James Mott. The couple married in 1811 and lived in Philadelphia. • By 1821, Lucretia Mott became a Quaker minister, noted for her speaking abilities. She and her husband went over with the more progressive wing of their faith in 1827. Mott was strongly opposed to slavery, and advocated not buying the products of slave labor, which prompted her husband, always her supporter, to get out of the cotton trade around 1830. An early supporter of William Lloyd Garrison and his American Anti-Slavery Society, she often found herself threatened with physical violence due to her radical views. • Lucretia Mott and her husband attended the famous World's Anti-Slavery Convention in London in 1840, the one that refused to allow women to be full participants. This led to her joining Elizabeth Cady Stanton in calling the famous Seneca Falls Convention in New York in 1848 (at which, ironically, James Mott was asked to preside), and from that point on she was dedicated to women's rights and published her influential Discourse on Woman (1850). While remaining within the Society of Friends, in practice and beliefs she actually identified increasingly with more liberal and progressive trends in American religious life, even helping to form the Free Religious Association in Boston in 1867. • While keeping up her commitment to women's rights, she also maintained the full routine of a mother and housewife, and continued after the Civil War to work for advocating the rights of African-Americans. She helped to found Swarthmore College in 1864, continued to attend women's rights conventions, and when the movement split into two factions in 1869, she tried to bring the two together. • Lucretia Mott died on November 11, 1880. • © 2011 A&E Television Networks. All rights reserved.

Lets Review! • Who had their portrait on a coin? • Who led a 3 year struggle against segregation in public eating places in the nation’s capital? • Who helped found Swarthmore College? • Who was involved in the Roman revolution? • Who was the daughter of slaves? • Who was the daughter of a lawyer?

Let’s create a brochure • Front cover-your name, date, block • Front left flap- picture, paragraph, 5 events of their life, and name. • Middle flap- picture, paragraph, 5 events of their life, and name. • Front right flap-picture, paragraph, 5 events of their life, and name.

Bibliography • 2011 A&E Television Network • Webster. com • 1994 -2010 Encylopedia Britanica, Inc

Rubric for Suffrage brochure • Rubric. State. Brochure. doc

Lesson plan p. 1 Standard & US 8. 6. 6 - Examine the women’s suffrage movement (e. g. , biographies, writings, and speeches of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Margaret Fuller, Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony, etc). Lesson Objective: Students will create a brochure with three leaders that include a picture, timeline, and biography of each of the three leaders involved in the women’s suffrage movement. Lesson Design Context (Presentation) Lesson Delivery STEP 1: Orientation to Lesson -Students will be able to state two items Lesson Objectives about one of the leaders of the suffrage movement. STEP 2: Preteach Step 2 - What rights do women have now in the U. S. ? , Do women have the same or different rights in other countries? , Have women always had the same rights? Language objective- biography, timeline Acad. Lang-Suffrage, rights STEP 3: Teach Whip around what is suffrage? Vocabulary/Academic Language Powerpoint presentation- Suffrage Demonstrate, Model, Explain… Movement Leaders Direct Delivery Checking for understanding quiz Meaningful Interaction Chunking & Scaffolding Prior Skills/Advanced Organizers Language Objective Prerequisite Vocab

Lesson plan p. 2 STEP 4: Guided Practice Review checking for understanding quiz Questioning Students fill out worksheet w/ a partner re: all 6 of the suffrage leaders. Pair Work Students will create questions and Cooperative Learning answers on Cornell notes about 1 Teacher highly involved specific suffrage leader (#’ered off) Formal Assessment of Mastery Students will sketch a picture of one of STEP 5: Closure Written and verbal the leaders and write 2 sentences about the person. Tied to Objective Quick Reflection/Wrap-Up STEP 6: Universal Access Carefully selected based on prior Students will select three of the leaders instruction of suffrage and create a brochure of 3 of them. It must include a picture, 5 Tied to Objectives important events on their timeline, and a Differentiated Instruction * Those who need paragraph as to what made each of them extra support a leader. Differentiated Instruction. Independent picture, 3 events on timeline, paragraph Practice what changes they made. * Those who get it OR