Substation Automation System Khorasan Regional Electric Company Ministry

Substation Automation System Khorasan Regional Electric Company Ministry of Energy of Iran Presented By: Hanieh Esmaeeli November 8 th. 2012 h. esmaeely@gmail. com

Infrastructure 2

�System: collection of different parts interaction Joint task �Automation system: Numeric & Computerized equipment Distributed System: Numeric Technology & Communication System 3 Monitoring Control meas urem ent • Substation Automation Electri cal Prote ction Centralized Data Communication

SAS The core ingredients of a power system automation system 4 are local intelligence, data communications and supervisory control, and monitoring

centralized � Petrochemical and refinery � Central computer � Controller was a medium between Field Instrument and Central computer � Defect Concentration of data processing 5

DCS 6

DCS (Distributed Control Centers) Data processing is divided Controllers are connected Process Control System v. Performance v. Deterministic v. Fault Tolerant v. Security 7

DCS Architecture 8

9

1 Field Level �Lowest level are field instrument and actuators Cla 10 Fi ss ic eld Bu s I/O is not necessar y

2 Control level Prot oco l al c i s Phy face r Inte 11

3 Monitoring level � The process control is done by operators Terminal Bus 4 12 Engineering Station

5 Operating Station 6 Media � Type is depend on the Protocols 13

7 IED � Controllers � Digital relays � RTU � Meters 8 14 GPS

Communication type 1. Client/Server For more reliability we use Redundant server 15

16

Communication type cont’d 2. Stand-alone Station Share job: Alarm logging Alarm archiving Data storing Powerful Computers 17

Proposed DCS system 18

Protocols

Protocols � The distributed network protocol is a data acquisition protocol used mostly in the electrical and utility industries. It is designed as an open, interoperable, and simple protocol specifically for SCADA controls systems. � Important factors in SAS � Optimal performance in substation functions 20

Data transmission The need for all this information to be added to the raw message can, and did, lead to a lot of confusion and incompatibility between different devices on the network. 21

OSI Model � The open system interconnection (OSI) model was developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) to provide a universally applicable structure for communication applications. � The OSI model consists of a 22 seven-layer stack onto which the message is modulated. The way in which the seven layers is applied

physical Applicatio n • Provide synchronization (start/stop, length) and error control (detection and correction) for the information transmitted Network • Means to establish, maintain, and terminate the connections between stations transport • End-to-end control and information interchange with the level of reliability that is required for the application session presentati on applicatio n 23 • mechanical characteristics of the physical interface • Functional of activate, maintain, and deactivate • Dialog requirements on the bus, determining who is allowed to talk, handling start/stop talking commands and communication relationships • Coding or ‘language’ of the information. • Serves the end-user, the AP, by providing the information to support • the AP and manage the communication

Tele-Control Protocols 24 Ø IEC 60870 -5 -101 protocol (from RTU to Control Center communication Ø IEC 60870 -5 -103 protocol (for communication between IEDs in a Substation) Ø IEC 60870 -5 -104 protocol Ø MODBUS Protocol ( MFTs) Ø DNP 3. 0 Protocol (Serial)---Master Station Ø DNP 3. 0 Protocol (TCP/IP)---Master Station Ø IEC 61850 protocol (for Substation Automation)

In the Present of SCADA system 25 • IEC 60870 -5 -101 RTUs/SAS for data acquisition from • IEC 60870 -6 -502 control centers for data exchange between