SUBSTANCE ABUSE TAJUDDIN SHAIK ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER RAIPUR REGION
SUBSTANCE ABUSE TAJUDDIN SHAIK ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER RAIPUR REGION
Substance abuse As a pattern of harmful use of any substance for mood altering purpose
DRUG A drug is any substance which, when taken into the body alters its functions physically and/or psychologically, excluding food and water
RISK FACTORS FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG ADOLESCENTS • • Disbelieves and wrong perceptions Lack of knowledge of consequences Low self efficacy Depression/self-esteem Poor psychological well being Low academic achievements Home and social environment
STRESS
RISK FACTORS • LOW ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT • POOR PSYCHOLOGICAL BEING • ADOLOSCENTS MAY LACK WELL DEVELOPED SELF CONTROL AND MAY BEHAVE MORE IMPULSIVELY THAN ADULTS • LACK OF VARIOUS LIFE SKILLS
• ATTITUDES AND VALUES OF PARENTS AND PEER • SUBSTANCE USE BY PARENTS, SIBLINGS AND PEER • EASY ACCESSIBILITY OF DRUGS • INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING AND MEDIA
MEDIA
• To feel grown up • To take risk and to rebel against authority • To fit into and belong to a group • To relax and feel good • To satisfy curiosity
STAGES OF ADOLECENT SUBSTANCE USE • Curiosity and pre-abuse • Experimentation • Actively seeking drugs • Preoccupation with drugs • Dependence
SOME DRUGS
• • Marijuana -- Cannabinoids Cocaine -- Stimulant Amphetamines – Stimulant Barbiturates -- Depressant Benzodiazipines -- Depressant Heroin -- Narcotics LSD ( Lysergic acid diethylamide) Hallucinogen • Anabolic steroids
SMOKING = DEATH
ILL EFFECTS OF SMOKING • • • Bad smell Smoker’s cough Gastric ulcer Chronic bronchitis Increase in heart rate and Blood Pressure Premature and more abundant face wrinkles Heart disease (CAD) Stroke Cancer Burns Violent arguments with non-smokers
REAL FACE OF A SMOKER
Tobacco- Social Damage • • • Tobacco causes 1 in 5 deaths Premature deaths ( 50 -65 years) Premature widows 60%+ of Cardiology runs on tobacco 40 -60% Adult cancers are due to tobacco and smoking
TOBACCO POISON( Nicotine) • ANTIGENIC • CYTOTOXIC • MUTAGENIC • CARCINOGENIC CIGARETTE PAN PARAG BEEDIS ZARDA KHAINI CIGAR
Tobacco and Life Span • Tobacco increases heart and breathing rates. • Thus reduces life span by 10 -20 years. • Every cigarette reduces your life span by 5 minutes !!!!! • Tobacco also kills by heart attacks & strokes
EPIDEMIOLOGY • SMOKERS - 70 % OVERALL HIGHER DEATH RATES • 50 % REGULAR SMOKERS WILL DIE PREMATURELY • YOUNGER THE SMOKER, HIGHER THE MORTALITY
NOTE - EXCESS FAT Post Mortem HEART after fatal heart attack
FRESH INFARCTION RV LV OLD INFARCTION RV LV
CANCERS • TOBACCO CAUSES 35% -40 % OF ALL CANCERS • USUALLY LUNG CANCER • LARYNX, ORAL, OESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, LEUKAEMIA, KIDNEY, PANCREAS, SKIN, BLADDER CANCERS • MORE RECURRENT CANCER AFTER SURGERY
INFILTRATING ORAL CANCER COURTESY - TOBACCO CHEWING
Tongue Cancer
LEUKOPLAKIA - A PRE CANCEROUS CONDITION NOTE - NICOTINE ERODED TEETH Snuff dippers Cancer
LEUKOPLAKIA - PATIENT CONTINUED SMOKING CANCER HAS DEVELOPED
LOWER LIP CANCER- EARLY AND LATE STAGE’S
LIP CANCER AT CIGAR SMOKING SITE
LOWER LIP CANCER -RIGHT SIDED SMOKER
O C C OR A B G O E T N I R W G, A !! E CH KIN BAD O LY M L S A U Q E
RESPIRATORY DISEASE • COPD/ASTHMA - RAJ KAPOOR • MORE PNEUMONIA, ASTHMA • WEAK LUNGS - MORE TB
NORMAL X-RAY CHEST COPD – LUNG ABCESS
PREGNANCY • SMALL, LOW WEIGHT BABIES • MORE BIRTH DEFECTS • MORE PERINATAL MORTALITY
What chewing tobacco does to your smile
DEPRESSION • MORE IN SMOKERS • MORE IN WIVES OF SMOKERS • LOSS/WASTE OF MONEY • TOBACCO SMELL AT HOME • PREMATURE DISABILITY & DEATH • FEAR OF WIDOWHOOD
Tobacco. Quit the habit !!! • • • Tragic consequences Enormous health costs 25% Indians use tobacco/smoke 40% adult Indian men –take tobacco Powerful addiction– difficult to quit!!! Nicotine – one of the most powerful addictive substances in nature
Tobacco addiction • Tobacco releases dopamine in the brain • A rewarding neuro-chemical related to pleasure • Sets up craving ---to maintain the habit !!! • Quitting means feeling dull and very low – for few days-weeks.
SMOKING! CREMATION BY INSTALMENT PLAN
ALCOHOL
ILL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL SHORT TERM • Distorted vision, hearing and coordination • Altered perceptions and emotions • Impaired judgments • Bad breath • Hangovers
LONG TERM • Loss of appetite • Vitamin deficiency • Stomach ailments skin problems sexual impotence • Liver damage • Problems associated with heart and CNS • Loss of memory
DRUGS
WARNING SIGNS • • Drop in academic performance Unexplained absence from school Lack of interest in persona, hygiene Withdrawal Isolation Depression Fatigue
• Aggressive and rebellious behavior • Deteriorating relationships with family and friends • Loss of interest in hobbies • Change in sleeping and eating habits • Fluctuations in weight, appetite
PREVENTION AND CONTROL • Avoid undue peer pressure • Education and Counseling • Seeking help from parents and peer • Looking for danger sign • Seeking professional and medical help
THANK YOU
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