Subjunctive Mood and Jussive Subjunctive Verbs Have Moods

Subjunctive Mood and Jussive Subjunctive

Verbs Have Moods u u u indicative – makes a statement; asks a question imperative – makes a command subjunctive – expresses a wish or a contrary-to-fact idea

Identify the mood of each verb: indicative or imperative. u u Don’t walk in the road! u imperative Help me, please. u imperative Will you please help me? u indicative You are walking in the road. u indicative

Now, let’s look at subjunctive mood. u If Marcus had given me money, I would have bought dinner. u I wish I were in Italy right now. u Would that you had listened!

Translating Subjunctive Mood u u typically, not translated out of context therefore, look for subjunctive verbs in sentences

Subjunctive Tenses u u FOUR tenses: present, imperfect, pluperfect Let’s learn how to form present tense of subjunctive mood. .

Forming Present Subjunctive u u u change vowel on present stem 1 st conj: 2 nd conj: 3 rd io and 4 th conj: u Then a ē e e ea a i ia add active or passive verb endings.

Forming Present Subjunctive u u u change vowel on present stem 1 st conj: 2 nd conj: 3 rd io and 4 th conj: u Then a e i We hear a i liar add active or passive verb endings.

Okay, let’s compare: Indicative Subjunctive 1 st = portas 2 nd = doces 3 rd = ponis 3 rd io = capis 4 th = munis 1 st = portes 2 nd = doceas 3 rd = ponas 3 rd io = capias 4 th = munias

Change the verbs on the left in indicative mood to subjunctive mood. Indicative Subjunctive 1) canit 1) canat 2) speramus 2) speremus 3) terrent 3) terreant 4) interficitis 4) interficiatis

Now, we’ll see how to translate verbs in present subjunctive. Jussive Subjunctive u expresses the will of the speaker u English sentence begins with “Let” u must use present subjunctive u use “nē” for “not”

Sentences with Jussive 1) Semper memoriā teneamus. 2) Romam autumnō moveamus. 3) Nē militēs vulnerentur.

Sentences with Jussive 1) Semper memoriā teneamus. Let us always remember. 2) Romam autumnō moveamus. 3) Nē militēs vulnerentur.

Sentences with Jussive 1) Semper memoriā teneamus. Let us always remember. 2) Romam autumnō moveamus. Let us move to Rome in the fall. 3) Nē militēs vulnerentur.

Sentences with Jussive 1) Semper memoriā teneamus. Let us always remember. 2) Romam autumnō moveamus. Let us move to Rome in the fall. 3) Nē militēs vulnerentur. Let the soldiers not be wounded.

Review jussive uses present subjunctive only u “nē” = “not” u u begin jussive sentence with “let”

Nē miles Romanus in balneō canat.

Nē miles Romanus in balneō canat. Let the Roman soldier not sing in the bath.

Mulier digna, cuius coniunx est senator, in silentiō ad eum stet.

Mulier digna, cuius coniunx est senator, in silentiō ad eum stet. Let the worthy wife, whose husband is a senator, stand near him in silence.

Let’s practice some more. Change the verbs below to subjunctive. constituuntur claudo ridemus

Let’s practice some more. Change the verbs below to subjunctive. constituuntur constituantur claudo claudam ridemus rideamus

Let’s practice some more. Change the verbs below to indicative. consulatur consulitur moneant monent spectem spectō

u Now, it’s time to look at our textbooks.