Subjunctive Mood 1 If there were no subjunctive

虚拟语气 ( Subjunctive Mood )

• 例题 1） If there were no subjunctive mood, English____ much easier. • A. will be B. would have been C. could have been D. would be • 答案: D

• 2．与过去的事实相反的假设的动词形式 从句：had + p. p. 主句：would(should/ could / might)+have + p. p. • She should have gone to the party if she had been invited. If she hadn’t called me, I should have overslept this morning.

• 2） If he _______, he _____ that food. Luckily, he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have warned; had not taken • 答案: B

• 3．与将来的事实相反的假设的动词形式 从句：过去式或should / were to+动词原形 主句：would(should/ could / might)+动词原形 • If I were to be 20 years old next year, I should take the course of computer science. If it should fail, I would try again. What would happen if the earth stopped turning?

• 3） If he ______ tomorrow, he would find Mr. Wang in the office. A. comes B. will come C. should come D. come • 答案: C

• • 注： 1。在if引导的非真实条件句中，if可以省略， 但是需要倒装（从句位于主句前） If he had been warned, he would not have taken that food. =Had he been warned, he would not have taken that food. What would happen if the earth stopped turning? =What would happen if the earth were to / should stop turning? =Were the earth to stop turning, what would happen? =Should the earth to stop turning, what would happen?

• 4）____ he would have succeeded in the examination. A. Had he worked hard B. If he worked hard C. If he works hard D. If he has worked hard • 答案: A

• 2．某些介词without / but for等或连词 otherewise等表示含蓄条件，需用虚拟语 气。 • Without air, we would not live even for five minutes. =If there were no air, we would not live even for five minutes.

• But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. =If it had not been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. • Jack can’t have arrived yet; otherwise he would have telephone me. =Jack can’t have arrived yet; if he had arrived, he would have telephone me.

• 5） Without electricity human life _______ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be • 答案: D • 6） He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal. A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored • 答案: D

• 3）现在时与将来时混合使用。 If he were here now, he was to start off with us tomorrow. • 7）It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _______ in love at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall • 答案: B

• 8）When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 答案: C

二．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使 用 • 1．在动词order / demand / insist / command / advise / suggest (建议) / request / require / decide / ask等词后的宾语从句中谓语动词用（should） +动词原形。 • Jane’s uncle insisted that she not stay in the hotel. The workers requested that their working conditions be improved.

• 注：这些词的后面有时也不用虚拟语气。 Jane’s pale face suggested（表明） that she was ill. He insisted that he was right. • 9） The judge ordered that the thief _______ punished. A. would be B. should be C. was to be D. must be • 答案: B

• 10）Jane’s pale face suggested that she _______ ill, and her parents suggested that she ____ a medical examination. A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has • 答案: B

• 例题 11） How I wish every family _______ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. has B. had C. will have D. had • 答案: B • 12） I wish I ____ you yesterday. A. seen B. did seen C. had seen D. were to see • 答案: C

• 3. It is (high / about ) time + that 从句(动词 用一般过去时态) It is time we left. = It is time for us to leave. It is high time that he began to think how to deal with money. • 例题 13) It is desirable that the plane _______ as light as possible. A. was B. be C. is D. were • 答案: B

• 14）It is high time that we ____ to school. A. would go B. went C. will go D. had gone • 答案: B • 15） I would rather that you _______ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. should live • 答案: B

三. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的使 用 • 1. It + be + suggested / ordered / demanded / required / requested / planned / arranged / …+that从句 (should +动词 原形) It was suggested that Jane (should) have a medical examination.

• 2. It + be + important / desirable (理想的) / • better / strange / necessary / surprising / …+that从句 (should +动词原形) It is necessary that you (should) be present at the discussion. 3. It is a pity / a matter of regret / wonder / shame+ +that从句 (should +动词原形)

四. 虚拟语气在表语从句与同位语 从句中的使用 • 名词suggestion / proposal(建议) / order / advice / demand 等可以接名词性从句, 从 句中的谓语动词一般使用虚拟语气, (should )+动词原形. • My suggestion is that you (should) send a few soldiers to help them. He makes the demand that she (should) leave the place at once.

• 例题 16）Their demand is that their wages _______ increased by 20%. A. be B. should C. will be D. must be • 答案: A • 17）The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ____ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given • 答案: C

• 例题 18）The two strangers talked as if they ____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been • 答案: D

六. 虚拟语气在目的状语从句中的 使用 • 由so that / in order that / for fear that/lest(以 免)引导的从句中谓语动词常使用情态动 词may / might / can / could 等. • I got there earlier than usual so that I could be the first one to enter the church. He tried his best to study in order that he might pass the exams.

• 例题 19）The emperor gave the two cheats some gold in order that they ____ their work at once. A. may begin B. can begin C. might begin D. should begin • 答案: C

• 例题 20）Even if he _____ here, he could not solve the problem. A. was B. were C. had been D. has been • 答案: B

八. 虚拟语气表祝愿或愿望 • 1. 祝愿句常用动词原形或may引导的倒装句. God bless you! = May God bless you! • 例题 21） ______ you enjoy many years of health and • happiness. A. Wish B. Hope C. Expect D. May 答案: D

• 2. if only 可表示现在或过去不可能实现的一 • • 种愿望, if only 后用动词的过去时或过去完 成时. If only he had seen me! If only that photo weren’t missing! 22) If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie 答案: C