Subject pronouns Los pronombres de sujeto What is
Subject pronouns Los pronombres de sujeto
What is a pronoun? • It’s a word used instead of a noun (or a phrase containing a noun) Example: `He', `it', `who', and `anything' are pronouns. • When the pronoun is the subject (the person doing the action) of the sentence, it is called a Subject Pronoun. Example: Carlos is reading. He is reading. Subject Pronoun
What are the English subject pronouns? 1 st person 2 nd person 3 rd person Singular Plural I We You Y’all You Guys He, She, It They You all (formal)
English subject pronouns and their Spanish equivalents • Spanish subject pronouns are similar to English, but there are some differences. Singular Plural 1 st person I = Yo 2 nd person You (familiar) = tú We = nosotros (m) Nosotras (f) Y’all You Guys = Vosotros (m) Vosotras(f) 3 rd person He = él She = ella You (formal) = Usted (Ud. ) They (m) = Ellos They (f) = Ellas You (plural) = Ustedes (Uds. )
THE FIRST PERSON SINGULAR PRONOUN “YO” • “Yo” means “I” and is used in the same way as in English. – Yo soy americano. – Yo soy estudiante. • Note that it is not capitalized unless it starts a sentence: – Mi hermano y yo…
SECOND PERSON SINGULAR PRONOUN TÚ • Tú means you (familiar/ informal) • Used when talking to someone familiar (a friend, a peer, a realative, a pet)
3 RD PERSON SINGULAR MASCULINE ÉL • Él = he • It is used when talking ABOUT a boy/guy/man. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: – Juan es colombiano. Él es de Medellin. • DON’T forget the accent mark. If you do, you are actually writing the Spanish word for “the” – él = he el = the
3 RD PERSON SINGULAR FEMININE ELLA • Ella = she • It is used when talking ABOUT a girl/woman. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: – Patricia es dominicana. Ella es de Santo Domingo. • Please pronounce it correctly. – It sounds like (eh-yah) not (el-lah) – Remember ll= y sound.
FORMAL YOU USTED (UD. ) • Usted means you (formal) • Used when talking to someone. It is used to show respect or formality to one person. (an older person, authority figure, or someone you don’t know well. • Abbreviated Capital U lower case d period. (Ud. ) • Considered a 3 rd person singular pronoun. Remember, just as “mister” is abbreviated as “Mr. ” in English, “Usted. ” is abbreviated as “Ud. ”, but is still pronounced as the complete word, “Usted”.
THE FIRST PERSON PLURAL PRONOUN “NOSOTROS / NOSOTRAS” • Use nosotros/ nosotras to talk about a group of people that includes you. • Yo + someone Ex. Mi amigo y yo somos inteligentes My friend and I are smart. • in English we have one word to talk about “we, ” but in Spanish, we distinguish between “we” masculine and feminine: • Julio: “Mi hermano y yo somos de Argentina. Nosotros vivimos en Buenos Aires. ” • Juana: “Mi hermana y yo somos de Bolivia. Nosotras vivimos en La Paz. ” • use the masculine pronoun if it refers to a mixed group: • Juan: “Mi hermano, mi novia, y yo somos de Argentina. Nosotros vivimos en Buenos Aires. ” • Juana: “Mi hermana, mis padres, y yo somos de Bolivia. Nosotros vivimos en La Paz.
2 nd person PLURAL Vosotros (as) • This is the informal way to address a group – use it with your friends, peers, relatives • It is the plural form of tú • Would be the same as you guys or y’all • Considered a 2 nd person plural pronoun. • Used with tú + someone – Ex Tú y Juan sois buenos alumnos You and Juan are good students
3 rd person Plural masculine Ellos • Ellos = They (masculine) • It is used when talking ABOUT a group of boys/guys/men or a mixed group. • Can be used with a list of people ex Juan, Carlos, Y Miguel son guapos. Juan, Carlos, and Miguel are handsome. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: • Jorge y Pepe son mexicanos. Ellos son de Guadalajara. • Jorge y Ana son alumnos. Ellos son amigos también. • Please pronounce it correctly. – It sounds like (eh-yohs) not (el-lohs) – Remember ll= y sound.
3 RD PERSON PLURAL FEMININE ELLAS • Ellas = They (feminine) • It is used when talking ABOUT a group of only females. • Can be used with a list of girls ex María, Carla, Y Juana son guapas. Juan, Carlos, and Miguel are handsome. • used in the same way as its English counterpart: • Sofía y Ana son alumnas. Ellas son amigas también. • Please pronounce it correctly. – It sounds like (eh-yahs) not (el-lahs) – Remember ll= y sound.
FORMAL YOU PLURAL USTEDES (UDS. ) • Abbreviated Capital “U”, lower case “d”, lower case “s” period. (Uds. ) • It is the plural form of Usted. • Can be used with Ud. + someone Ex. Ud. Y Sra. Bauman son profesores de HHS. You and Mrs. Bauman are teachers at HHS. • Used when addressing a group of people who you are showing respect to. (The formal you all) • Considered a 3 rd person plural pronoun.
YOU, You, and You • In English, there is only one “YOU”. It is singular and plural, masculine and feminine, formal and informal – Note: y’all or you all is not standard English, but we will use it to help learn the Spanish forms of “you”. • In Spanish there are 4 ways to express “you” – Tú – Vosotros (as) – usted (Ud. ) – ustedes (Uds. )
DIFFERENCES – YOU: TÚ VS. USTED • Let’s look at the singular forms first. Each one has a specific time when it used. If you use the wrong one, it can be offensive to the person with whom you are speaking. Tú = you (informal/familiar) Usted (Ud. ) = you (formal) Use “tú” when talking to people with whom you are on a first name basis. friends family small children people younger than you pets Use “Usted” when talking with people to whom you should show respect. People in authority (police, teachers, bosses, etc. ) Strangers Acquaintances Adults
Review Yo = I First person singular Not capitalized unless the first word of the sentence Used to talk ABOUT yourself Tú = You (singular, informal/familiar) Second person Singular Use it to talk TO a person that is a friend or family member Third person singular Él = he Don’t forget the accent Use it to talk ABOUT a guy. Ella = she Use it to talk ABOUT a girl. Watch the pronunciation. Ud. = You (singular, formal) Use it to talk TO a person that is due respect. Nosotros/as = we First person plural distinguish between “we” masculine and feminine Used to talk ABOUT yourself and friends =Vosotros/as = You (plural, informal/familiar), y’all, you guys Plural Use it to talk TO a GROUP that is made of friends or family members Third person plural Ellos = They (masculine) It is used when talking ABOUT a group of boys/guys/men or a mixed group. Ellas = They (feminine) It is used when talking ABOUT a group of only females. Uds. = You (plural) Use it to talk TO a group of people
La Práctica Which subject pronoun would you use for the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. María Ana y Juan Luis y yo Samantha y Ana Carlos y tú Miguel y el maestro Sara y la maestra Mis amigos y yo 9. Pablo 10. los maestros 11. Juan, David, y Ana 12. la clase y tú 13. las maestras y usted 14. tú y yo 15. los estudiantes 16. las chicas
Práctica 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Ud. + Ud. = Uds Ella + Ella = Ellas Yo + Ella =Nosotros(as) Él + Ella =Ellos Tú + Tú =Vosotros(as) Yo + Tú =Nosotros(as) Alejandro y Yo =Nosotros Marta y Ella= Ellas
VOSOTROS=YOU GUYS (INFORMAL) • Tú + another person = vosotros • Tú+tú=Vosotros • Tú + Tú + Tú + Tú=VOSOTROS • Vosotros=You Guys – At least one of YOU is masculine. • Vosotras=You Girls – You are ALL feminine.
USTEDES=YOU GUYS (FORMAL) • Uds. =Ustedes • Ud. + someone else = Uds. • Usted+Usted=Ustedes • Usted+Usted+Usted+ Usted=Ustedes • Ustedes=You Guys – It doesn’t matter if all of you are masculine or feminine.
ELLOS=THEM • Masculine Plural • Él + Él=Ellos • Él + Él + Él + Él=ELLOS • Él + Ella=ELLOS • Él + Ella=Ellos
ELLAS=THEM • Feminine Plural • Ella + Ella=Ellas • Ella + Ella+ Ella=Ellas • Ella + Él=Ellos
NOSTROS=We • Yo+Tú=Nosotros • Yo + Él=Nosotros • Yo + someone else = Nosotros –At least one of US is masculine. • Yo + someone else (who is a girl) =Nosotras –We are ALL feminine
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