Subject Class Topic Sub Topic Physical Education Form
Subject: Class: Topic: Sub Topic: Physical Education Form III The Body Systems - The Digestive System Components of the Digestive System Key Points The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into simple substances which can be used by the body. The major components of the digestive system are: mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. There are four (4) accessory digestive organs: salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas.
The Digestive System https: //pixabay. com/vectors/digestive-system-human-digestion-41529/
Components of the Digestive System The Mouth The mouth contains structures which physically and chemically break down food. When food touches the inner parts of the mouth or when we smell food, the salivary glands secrete saliva. The teeth and tongue work together to physically break down food. Saliva contains an enzyme called amylase which starts to chemically breakdown starchy food. https: //pixabay. com/photos/teeth-carrot-diet-loss-of-flesh 1560353/
Components of the Digestive System Pharynx The pharynx is the body’s cavity that connects the nasal and oral cavities with the larynx and oesophagus. The pharynx is also called the throat. The pharynx is the transition area from the mouth to the oesophagus. https: //pixabay. com/illustrations/the-larynxthe-pharynx-anatomy-2381980/
Components of the Digestive System Oesophagus The oesophagus is a muscular tube connecting the pharynx with the stomach. Food moves down the oesophagus and into our stomach.
Components of the Digestive System Stomach The stomach is referred to as the storage chamber. Gastric juices and enzymes are secreted when food enters the stomach. The stomach muscles mix the food into a thick creamy fluid called chyme. https: //cdn. pixabay. com/photo/2017/05/16/01/57/stoma ch-icon-2316627_960_720. png
Components of the Digestive System Small Intestine The small intestine is divided into three parts: 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum The first part, the duodenum is where food is further broken down. The jejunum and ileum are mostly responsible for the absorption of nutrients. https: //pixabay. com/vectors/diagram-digestive-system-stomach 41638/
Components of the Digestive System Large Intestines The large intestine is called the colon. Waste products leave the small intestines and move into the colon. Water and salts are absorbed in the colon leaving the solid material or stool/faeces. https: //pixabay. com/illustrations/abdomen-intestinelarge-small-1698565/
Components of the Digestive System Rectum The stool or faeces from the colon is stored in the last part of the colon, the rectum. A message is sent to the brain to make the person aware of the need for a bowel movement. The anal sphincter muscles are responsible for either releasing or holding the stool. https: //pixabay. com/photos/toiletdefecation-pee-wc-5111311/
There are four (4) accessory digestive organs: salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. The salivary glands produces salivary amylase which assist in the break down of starchy foods. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes which are released into the duodenum to assist with digestion. The liver produces bile. Bile assists with the digestion of fat. The gallbladder stores and releases bile when fatty food enters the duodenum. https: //pixabay. com/vectors/digestion-intestine-digestive-oral 303364/
Activity 1: Label the diagram of the Digestive System below.
Activity 1: Answer Key
- Slides: 12
