Studying Text Chapter 10 Copyright Allyn Bacon 2011

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Frame of Mind n What does it mean to work smart? n How is internal text structure different from external text structure? n How do graphic organizers help students make connections among important ideas? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Frame of Mind n What note-taking frameworks and procedures can you model for your students? n How can you show students how to summarize information? n What are study guides? How can you develop study guides using the levels of comprehension construct and text patterns? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Key Terms n Critical note n Selective reading guide n External text structure n Summary note n Graphic organizers n Text pattern guide n GRASP n Text structure n Internal text structure n Thesis note n Question note Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

External Text Structure n Organizational aids n Front matter (preface, table of contents) n End matter (appendices, indexes) n Introductory or summary statements n Headings n Graphs n Charts n Illustrations n Guide questions Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Internal Text Structure n Description n Sequence n Comparison and Contrast n Cause and

Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures n Description n To begin

Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures n Sequence n On (date)

Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures n Comparison and Contrast n However n But n As well as n On the other hand n Not only…but also n Either…or n While n Although Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Signal Words and Phrases Used in Various Text Structures n Cause & Effect and Problem & Solution n n n n Because Since Therefore Consequently As a result This led to So that Nevertheless If…then Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Graphic Organizers n Present an example of a graphic organizer that corresponds to the type of outline you plan to teach. n Demonstrate how to construct a graphic outline. n Coach students in the use of the graphic outline and give them opportunities to practice. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Comparison and Contrast Matrix Fungi Body Structure Food Source Method of Reproduction Living Environment

Problem and Solution Outline Problem: Who has the problem? What is the problem? Attempted

Network Tree Discriminant D>0 D=0 D<0 2 real distinct roots 1 real distinct root

Series-of-Events Chain The Scientific Method Define a problem Make observations and collect information Make

Semantic (Cognitive) Mapping Marietta The First Ohio Settlements Cincinnati Gallipolis Copyright © Allyn &

Writing a Summary n Include no unnecessary detail. n Collapse lists. n Use topic

Polishing a Summary n Compare a well-developed summary that the teacher has written with

Polishing a Summary n Team students in pairs or triads, and let them read

Making Notes, Taking Notes n Summary note n Thesis note n Critical note n

Constructing Three-Level Guides n Begin construction of the guide at level II, the interpretive level. n Next, search the text for the propositions and explicit pieces of information needed to support the inferences you have chosen for level II. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011

Constructing Three-Level Guides n Decide whether you want to add a distracter or two to levels I and II. n Develop statements for level III, the applied level. n Be flexible and adaptive. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011