Study of Biology What is Biology Biology is

Study of Biology

What is Biology? Biology is the study of all living things Living things are called organisms Organisms include bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals

All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. 3. 4. (Have order) They Reproduce All Based On Universal Genetic Code (DNA) Grow & Develop

Common Characteristics 5. Obtain & Use Materials & 6. 7. 8. Energy (Metabolism) Respond To Their Environment Maintain A Stable Internal Environment AS A GROUP, Living Things Evolve, That Is They Change Over Time

Characteristics of Organisms

All Organisms are made of Cells

Cell Facts Cells are the smallest living unit of an organism Cells are complex & highly organized

Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells Unicellular Organisms – Living Organism Made Up Of One Cell Multicellular Organisms – Living Organism Made Up Of Many, Specialized Cells

Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their Genetic Traits

Two Types of Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

Cells Have a Genetic Code

Genetic Code DNA carries the genetic code for all organisms All organisms contain DNA

Organisms Grow & Develop

Growth & Development Organisms grow by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT Organisms develop as they mature into an adult organism

Cells Require Food & Energy

Metabolism Sum of all the chemical in an organism All require energy Sunlight is the ultimate for life on Earth reactions energy

Metabolism Cellular Respiration – Cells releasing the chemical energy stored in foods 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O

Organisms Respond to Stimuli Organisms Respond to stimuli (Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc. ) In Order To Survive & Reproduce

Maintaining Stable Internal Environment Keeping The Internal Environment balanced = (Homeostasis) Stable internal conditions of p. H, temperature, water balance, etc.

Living Things Evolve Groups Of Organisms (Not Individuals) Change Over Time In Order To Survive Within Changing Environments. Fossil records show changes in groups of organisms